In the KBSM English syllabus, vocabulary learning is only incorporated implicitly based on the four main skills: reading, writing, listening and speaking. Often, ESL learners may  miss out on the different meanings that can be accounted for a word and its spelling due to less  effective method. This study aimed to investigate the effects of using the explicit method of  vocabulary instructions on vocabulary learning of two groups of Form Two students (60 students)  from sub-urban schools in Ipoh and Teluk Intan, Perak. The quasi-experimental research design was  implemented. A new word test was administered to select 45 target words and explicit vocabulary  lessons were used to help students learn these words. The scores of the pre and post-tests were  analysed by using the independent sample t-test, paired sample t-test and descriptive statistics.  The score comparison and total improvement score in percentage were also presented. The  questionnaires in the student�.....

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Per its English curriculum, vocabulary instruction is only integrated indirectly in the teaching of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills in Malaysian schools. ESL learners then may overlook the variety of meanings that a word and its spelling can offer. This research aims to describe the effects of the explicit approach of vocabulary instruction on 30 Form Two (eighth grade) students from a suburban school in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. A descriptive style was adopted, and specific vocabulary lessons were used to help students learn the target words. Using descriptive statistics, vocabulary pre-and post-test scores were analysed and compared to determine the impact of this approach. The frequency counts, percentages, mean scores, and standard deviation of the students? evaluation form responses were analysed. Content analysis was used to transcribe, classify, and categorise qualitative data from the interview session. According to the data, the students? vocabulary scores increa.....

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Even though we have effectively completed a fifth of this new century, non-formal education through community-based learning and other traditional avenues of learning persist as powerful forces in the growth of the human lifespan, particularly for native peoples who have thousands of years of local knowledge. Focusing on Malaysia’s Orang Asli (native peoples), this study was conducted to map the field until a more detailed research project is undertaken for the next two years at the Royal Belum State Park in Perak State, Malaysia. Six Orang Asli adolescents (three females and three males) from two local higher learning institutions in Perak were interviewed individually and through focus group sessions regarding their engagement with non-formal education within their own communities, from when they were much younger up to this present time. This study focuses on three non-formal educational permutations as operationalised by our guiding (research) questions. First, as tales of the wo.....

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The newly enforced MUET-CEFR aligned format is one of the government?s efforts to upscale Malaysian learners? English proficiency level to be at par with international standards. However, the learners are reported to have high anxiety levels resulting in poor performance, especially in the speaking component. Hence, this study is conducted to investigate the learner?s anxiety levels, factors causing anxiety, and strategies to overcome speaking anxiety during oral presentations among MUET-CEFR ESL learners in Perak. The survey research design is employed for this study where a total of 130 participants took part by answering a three-section questionnaire on their background information, McCroskey?s Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRSPA), and Nakatani?s Oral Communication Strategy Inventory (OCSI). Descriptive statistics are used to analyze the data and an independent sample t-test was conducted to investigate the differences in the learners? strategy use based on their cours.....

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Speaking practice is crucial for ESL (English as a Second Language) students. Nevertheless, accomplishing speaking activities via online learning might be difficult for the college students at universities in Malaysia as they are non-native English speakers. There have been several studies about students' perceptions and preferences on online learning. Nonetheless, there was only a little research conducted to ascertain deep online learning perceptions and preferences of the undergraduate ESL students in Malaysia. The current article's goal was to look at ESL learners' opinions on the experiences through online connected to speaking activities at a public institution in Tanjong Malim. The mixed-research method of study was used. In this article, observation checklist, semi-structured student interview, and questionnaire were employed to get the information from the sample. The sample was then subjected to statistical analysis and standard deviation, mean score, as well as percentage to.....

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Omani students must acquire English vocabulary to achieve educational qualifications and effectively communicate with English-speaking individuals, as vocabulary plays a crucial part in studying a foreign language and achieving academic success. Omani eleventh-grade students require assistance in employing effective ways for acquiring and retaining English vocabulary. They struggle with word retrieval in both spoken and written language. This study investigates the memory strategies utilised, preferred strategies, and influencing factors among eleventh grade EFL students in Oman. This study utilises an explanatory sequential mixed methods methodology. Convenience sampling was used to involve 126 students in this study. The researcher gathered data through a questionnaire, a semi-structured interview, and an observation checklist. The questionnaire data is analysed by descriptive statistical analysis, which includes calculating the mean and standard deviation. Thematic analysis is utili.....

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Tellurium, zinc, and erbium oxides glasses are made using the melt-quenching technique. The XRD results show that the glass samples are naturally amorphous. The TeO4 units' extended vibration are performed using FTIR. On the other hand, the TeO3 as well as Er2O3 are detected using deconvolution. When the concentration of erbium ions increases, the density and molar volume will also increase. The high value of thermal diffusivity at 0.02 and 0.03 M fractions, a large value of glass stability (greater than 100 °C), and strong thermal stability are excellent for fibre drawing. As a result, the highest linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values are found for the sample with 5 mol% Er2O3 content, where the values drop suddenly from 0.95744 to 0.21065 cm−1 over the tested energy which ranges between 0.284 and 2.51 MeV. Among the TZEr samples, TZEr5 has the lowest half-value layer (HVL) values ranging from 0.00243 to 0.08252 cm. Thus, both LAC and HVL are considered as suitable options fo.....

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Using the formula [(TeO2)70(B2O3)30], this study examines the impact of Gd2O3 on the elasticity and radiation shielding characteristics of zinc borotellurite glass. Glass samples containing 1–5% mol% Gd2O3 were created by employing the melt quench technique. XRD verified that they are amorphous in nature, and the existence of TeO3, TeO4, BO3, and BO4 vibrational groups was revealed by infrared spectra. The structural alterations were shown by the range of longitudinal and shear ultrasonic velocities, which were 3908–4076 m/s and 2222–2277 m/s, respectively. The glass's rigidity was improved by the large rise in elastic moduli, such as bulk (45 GPa), longitudinal (80 GPa), shear (25 GPa), and Young's moduli (60 GPa), with a higher Gd2O3 content. Higher concentrations of Gd2O3 resulted in a rise in the mass attenuation coefficient (μρ), as measured by WinXcom, which enhanced gamma-ray shielding. The half-value layer (HVL) and mean free path (MFP) at 0.662 MeV decreased with incre.....

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Background: Plagiarism is a serious academic misconduct demanding mitigation to uphold the integrity of original work. Undeniably, with the advancement of technological age, plagiarising becomes easier and harder to detect. However, the reliance on technology significantly rises the likelihood of fostering academic dishonesty among the students. Therefore, it is imperative to disseminate explicit education on plagiarism reduction strategies, particularly on the importance of mastering correct referencing techniques. Purpose: The present study applied a mixed-method approach to explore the effectiveness of an intervention called Educational Intervention (EI) on enhancing ESL students’ academic referencing skills namely in in-text citation abilities, paraphrasing skills and writing reference list using APA style. Method: The EI consisted of explicit instruction that involved structured teaching sessions integrated with two primary instructional strategies: lectures and practical exerci.....

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