This study focuses on developing a smartphone-based learning module on the Photoelectric Effect for Physics trainee teachers. The sample consists of 52 semester-7 UPSI Physics trainee teachers selected through simple random sampling. The module was developed using the ADDIE model, encompassing analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation phases. Instruments for the study included face and content validity assessment forms and a usability questionnaire. Expert validation, conducted by two Physics lecturers and a school teacher with over five years of teaching experience, confirmed a high content validity score of 1 using CVI. Usability data were analysed through SPSS, yielding frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation values. Reliability analysis of the module, based on a pilot study, revealed a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.8. Usability constructs demonstrated good levels: perceived usefulness (mean = 3.801, s.d = 0.39), ease of use (mean = 3.786, s.d = 0.424),.....

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