Surface ozone (O3) in Peninsular Malaysia has shown an unusual increase over the last decade. High concentration of O3 is harmful to humans and plants. This research is conducted to study the variation and pattern of daily, weekly and monthly O3 for industrial, urban and suburban area in Perak, Malaysia. Hourly O3 data covering the period from 2013 to 2015 obtained from the Malaysian Department of Environment (DOE) were analysed using statistical methods. In addition, O3 correlation with meteorological factors was also determined. Daily variation shows that there was a significant difference between hourly data (p < 0.05) and recorded high concentration of O3 at noon. Monthly variation of O3 concentrations showed that there was a significant difference for monthly data (p < 0.05) where mostly, high reading was detected during southwest monsoon and dry season. There was no significant difference between O3 concentrations on weekdays and weekends (p > 0.05) for all three stations. This s.....

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Modeling the number of road accidents occurrence is a quite common topic in recent years. A number of studies have been developed with the aim to find the best model that gives better prediction. However, statistical patterns such as trend and seasonality of road accidents is rarely observed. Estimating the pattern of trend and seasonal will indirectly provide a better impact on prediction system. Traditionally, estimation of trend and seasonal patterns are made based on decomposition method. Yet, this type of estimation shows intangible predictions as the estimation are based on deterministic form. Therefore, structural time series (STS) approach is proposed to model the trend and seasonal pattern of road accidents occurrence. The STS approach offered a direct interpretation and allowed the time series component including trend and seasonal to vary over time. In this thesis the road accidents model is developed using the STS approach with the aim to observe the pattern of .....

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Kajian ini bermatlamat untuk membandingkan analisis regresi logistik dan pohon pengelasan dalam menentukan faktor bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) pada 7260 bayi yang ditempatkan di pusat rawatan rapi neonatal seperti yang telah didaftarkan dalam Malaysian National Neonatal Registry pada tahun 2006. Sampel yang dipilih adalah berdasarkan tiga etnik utama iaitu Melayu, Cina dan India. Kaedah analisis yang digunakan ialah dengan membandingkan keputusan yang diperoleh daripada kedua-dua kaedah yang digunakan iaitu analisis regresi logistik dan analisis pohon pengelasan. Analisis menunjukkan kedua-dua kaedah menghasilkan keputusan yang hampir sama di mana minggu gestasi adalah faktor utama kepada BBLR. Pohon pengelasan menunjukkan struktur biologi yang lebih baik berbanding regresi logistik. Walaubagaimanapun, hasil dari analisis regresi logistik mempunyai kepekaan yang lebih tinggi. Secara kesimpulannya, kedua-dua kaedah ini mempunyai kelebihannya tersendiri. Gabungan kedua-dua kaedah mungk.....

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The computational thinking (CT) skills of students will be revised, increasing their future viewpoint in the sphere of scientific activities, notably in education interest. Game-based learning (GBL) appears to have the potential to improve students’ motivation to learn. Students’ GBL is associated with higher mathematics performance, and GBL’s strong relationship with CT may have an even larger effect. The entirety of this CT education research is focused on undergraduate classrooms; little is revealed about how GBL support CT in K-12, particularly in primary schools. This study utilized a Structural Equation Model (SEM) in modelling the relationship between CT and GBL among primary school students. A sample of 90 primary school students from Malaysia was chosen. In this study, the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was employed to develop the model. The results demonstrate that empirical evidence, coupled with prior observations verified the model develope.....

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