Disease mapping is the visual representation of the geographical distribution which give an overview info about the incidence of disease within a population through spatial epidemiology data. Based on the result of map, it helps in monitoring and planning resource needs at all levels of health care and designing appropriate interventions, tailored towards areas that deserve closer scrutiny or communities that lead to further investigations to identify important risk factors. Therefore, the choice of statistical model used for relative risk estimation is important because production of disease risk map relies on the model used. This paper proposes Besag-York-Mollie (BYM) model to estimate the relative risk for Malaria in Malaysia. The analysis involved using the number of Malaria cases that obtained from the Ministry of Health Malaysia. The outcomes of analysis are displayed through graph and map, including Malaria disease risk map that constructed according to the estimation of relativ.....

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In the study of disease mapping, relative risk estimation is the focus of analysis. Many methods have been introduced to estimate relative risk. In this paper, one of the common spatial models known as Besag, York and Mollié (BYM) model is discussed, and its application to dengue data for epidemiology weeks 1 to 52 of the year 2013 for 16 states in Malaysia is studied. Findings show that Selangor has the highest relative risk of dengue in comparison with other states. Data on the estimated relative risks are presented in the form of risk maps which can be used as a tool for the prevention and control of dengue..

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One of the congenital factors that affect the transmission of dengue disease is blood type. This study mainly aims to consider blood type O in humans and uses a differential equations system formulation to analyse the dynamical system. The basic reproduction number is determined as the threshold for dengue disease transmission model. This model has been applied to the data from weekly data dengue cases occurring in Bandung in the year 2013. When it is supported by actual data which provides the parameters and values for the variables, this model can be implemented and thus used to describe the dynamical system of dengue disease transmission with respect to O blood type in humans. It can be concluded that blood type O is an important factor to be considered when formulating strategies for prevention and treatment. This study provides a significant improvement to the knowledge of dengue transmission dynamics and should be beneficial in aiding control of the transmission of dengue disease.....

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Contraceptive use among women remains an important public health intervention. Imperatively, the equality of family planning access between rural and urban areas allows all women to have the same opportunities to receive family planning service towards better well-being of families. The study aims at comparing the family planning preferences among women aged 15 to 49 throughout Malaysia in 2018 according to the geographical locations of rural and urban areas. This is important for resource planning and allocation to the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) clinic based on the locations. The data were collected from 49 NPFDB clinics throughout Malaysia. A total of 3668 married women aged 15 to 49 years used the family planning service in this NPFDB clinic in 2018. In this study, descriptive, Chi-Square, and logistic regression analyses were carried out to compare the patterns and preferences of contraceptive use. The results analysis shows that implant is the most po.....

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