Context: Pre-exercise nutrient availability alters acute metabolic responses to exercise, which could modulate training responsiveness. Objective: To assess acute and chronic effects of exercise performed before versus after nutrient ingestion on whole-body and intramuscular lipid utilization, and postprandial glucose metabolism. Design: 1) Acute, randomised, crossover design (Acute Study); 2) 6-week, randomised, controlled design (Training Study). Setting: General community. Participants: Men with overweight/obesity (mean±SD, BMI: 30.2±3.5 kg?m-2 for Acute Study, 30.9±4.5 kg?m-2 for Training Study). Interventions: Moderate-intensity cycling performed before versus after mixedmacronutrient breakfast (Acute Study) or carbohydrate (Training Study) ingestion. Results: Acute Study - exercise before versus after breakfast consumption increased net intramuscular lipid utilization in type I (net change: -3.44±2.63% versus 1.44±4.18% area lipid staining, p < 0.01) and type II fibres .....

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Nutrition and physical activity are the main strategies to improve metabolic health among individuals who are obese. However, nutrition (e.g. energy intake reduction) and physical activity are often considered independently rather than interactively; hence, these strategies are not always effective. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate how nutrition and physical activity interact to influence metabolic relevant factors in obesity. In a first study it was observed, in a group of obese or overweight/centrally obese men, that an acute bout of aerobic exercise performed in the overnight-fasted state substantially increased whole-body exercise fat oxidation and Type I fibre intramyocellular triacylglycerol (IMTG) utilisation as compared to exercise performed in the fed state. In a second study, it was demonstrated that, like men, obese or overweight/centrally obese women responded to overnight-fasted vs. fed state exercise by considerably increased whole-body fat oxidat.....

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