This study aimed to fabricate and characterise graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO)-based composite nanofiltration (NF) membrane for water treatment application. Electrochemical exfoliation method assisted by customised triple-tail 1- butyl-3-imidazolium 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl) 1,4- dioxobutane 2-sulphate (BMIM-TC14) and sodium 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3- (neopentyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulphonate (TC14) surfactants were used to synthesise GO with N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) used as solvent. Chemical reduction process utilising hydrazine hydrate was then performed to produce rGO from GO. Next, GO- and rGO-based composite NF membrane were then fabricated via non-solvent induced phase separation method utilising DMAC-GO and -rGO, titanium dioxide (TiO2), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as additives, while polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polye.....

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This study aimed to fabricate polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/graphene oxide (GO)/titanium dioxide (TiO₂)-based nanofiltration (NF) membrane and durian shell based-activated  carbon (DAC) for water treatment application. The electrochemical exfoliation assisted by  customized double-tail sodium bis(3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexyl) sulphosuccinate  (AOT4)  and   triple-tail  sodium  1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulphonate  (TC14) surfactants were used to synthesize GO with N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as solvent. The  fabrication of PVDF/GO/TiO₂-based NF membrane was done via non-solvent induced phase separation  method by utilizing DMAc_GO based and TiO₂ as an additives and also PVDF as a main polymer  material. On the other hand, durian shell was used to produce DAC by utilizing sulphuric acid as an  activator agent via chemical activation method. The NF membrane samples via dead-end cell  measurement as membrane separation wer.....

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