AbstractCurrently, most companies or organizations can select a number of methodologies to improve their business processes, which include Six Sigma, Lean Thinking, Lean Six Sigma, Business Process Reengineering, Total Quality Management, Kaizen and Poka-Yoka. However, selecting an appropriate methodology has to be guided by the organization’s objectives. In this respect, the BPR is one of the best methodologies that can help organizations to ensure the continuity of their businesses so they will remain relevant for a long time. More importantly, the BPR can help members of organizations to rethink about their existing practices such as to introduce significant improvements to their business process. Based on a literature review, the researchers carried out a comparative analysis on four leading methodologies, namely BPR, Six Sigma, Lean Thinking, and Kaizen. The comparison of the methodologies were based on 11 aspects, namely the concept, effect, use of information technology, focus, involv.....