This study aimed to analyze tax morale and tax compliance among the small medium enterprise (SME) from the tax practitioners_ perspective. Tax morale is defined as the intrinsic motivation to pay taxes arising from the moral obligation to pay taxes or the belief in contributing to the society. To achieve these goals, high tax morale is required to achieve a high degree of tax compliance. The general objective of this study is to determine the level of tax morale and tax compliance of SME taxpayers. In addition, the study also investigates the effect of tax morale towards tax compliance and the significant relationship between tax morale and tax compliance among the SME taxpayers. 200 questionnaires were distributed to the tax practitioners that randomly selected in Kuala Lumpur. Descriptive and correlations analysis were used to analyze the data. The result shows that there are a number of significant relationships between tax morale and tax compliance. The study recommended that there.....

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Prior studies documented that privatization leads to improved performance of privatized companies after the government relinquishment the control over the companies. Jordanian privatized companies are unique due to fact that political involvement post-privatization is still high. The setting enables us to show the effect of a unique privatization arrangement on performance of privatized companies. Second, the paper combines two approaches found in the literature to increase robustness of the results and explanations. This study examines the performance of 18 newly privatized Jordanian companies against 18-matched control group of public listed companies Non-GLCs in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) for the period 1992_2001. We compare the performance of privatized companies (GLCs) with its benchmark (Non-GLCs) to determine the effect of privatization on company performance. Non-parametric tests were employed to examine the difference in the performance of the two groups in pre and post privat.....

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This paper aims to study the impact of Middle East_s tourist arrival towards economic growth in Sarawak. Augmented Dicky-Fuller (ADF) is used to find the stationary of the variables. Besides that, Johansen Cointegration Test and VAR Granger Causality Test are used to address the objectives of study. The results revealed the existence of a short run relationship only between the variables of GDP, Middle East_s tourist arrivals, government expenditure and exchange rate in Sarawak. In addition, the VAR granger causality test indicated that GDP causes both GE and ER in the short run unidirectional respectively. However, the META granger cause the GDP and GE in unidirectional in the short run respectively. Keywords Causality, cointegration, VAR..

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This study analyses the impact of foreign currency exposure on equity return of Malaysian public listed manufacturing companies over 2008-2011. We covered 50 companies with majority having foreign sales or/and foreign purchases exposure. Our investigation is to find out whether the exposure is coming from their foreign sales or foreign purchases; whether their hedging activities in foreign sales and in foreign purchases matters; and whether multiple currency exposure in foreign sales and in foreign purchases have any impact on their equity returns. We find that hedging on foreign sales has significantly reduces the foreign currency exposure while foreign purchase remain a concern as the volatility of the foreign purchase currency has reduces their equity returns. However, we also find that hedging in foreign purchases have a positive impact on equity return when exchange rate of foreign purchase has becomes more volatile. Lastly, multiple foreign currency exposure either in foreign sal.....

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Organizational structure provides guidance to all employees by laying out the official reporting relationships that govern the work flow of the organization. This study tries to open up many windows, still locked in the area of organizational structure in regards to employee involvement and quality of production in manufacturing industry in Malaysia. Such information would enhance the school of thought among researchers. Keywords Employee involvement, organizational structure, quality of production..

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This article aims at inter alia highlighting some important legal issues pertaining to Takaful agents in Malaysia. With the Takaful industry transcending the conventional insurance market locally and globally, Takaful agents have become an important tool in the recent development in the Takaful industry. Hence, the discussion will touch on the legal and Shari_ah position and the rights and liabilities of the Takaful agents parallel to promote and protect and maintain Takaful agents. This article fills that gap by providing specific recommendations regarding to Takaful agents in the Takaful industry. This article is intended to outline a more realistic and nuanced view, based on law and Shari_ah analytical techniques. It is intended to suggest the reasons why legal framework could be an appropriate platform to determine these issues on Takaful agents. Insofar as the current law_s definition of Takaful agent was ambiguity. Yet, there is no legal framework solely supervises the Takaful ag.....

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Under the Economic Transformation Program (ETP), three sub-sectors of National Key Economic Areas (NKEAs) have been identified, i.e. petroleum, oil palm and the electrical and electronics sub-sectors. The importance of NKEAs sub-sector to sustain the performance of the Malaysian economy inspired this study to examine the relationship between high skilled labour and its productivity level. Specifically, this paper focuses on the impact of highly skilled labour on productivity levels in sub-sectors of the NKEAs. Highly skilled labour consists of labour from the managerial and professional category, and, semi-skilled labour is the technical and supervisory category. This study utilizes data from Industrial Manufacturing Survey published by the Department of Statistics Malaysia, covering the period from 1985 to 2010. The results show that highly-skilled labour contributes significantly to the productivity of the overall NKEAs, and each sub-sector of the NKEA, except palm oil. Under the NKE.....

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No consensus of franchisee as entrepreneur is offered in the entrepreneurship and franchising literature. Nevertheless, many studies and debates in franchising studies have perceived the franchisee as entrepreneur rather than employee, buyer or fellow-worker. This paper employs an alternative view that suggest whether a franchisee is seen as an entrepreneur is governed by the way the theorist views his/her role. Further, franchisees may not be the _entrepreneur_ in the fullest sense of the word but they are absolutely an entrepreneur. Therefore, this paper proposes that the franchisee should be viewed as entrepreneur, within the theories of entrepreneur_s characteristics. Keywords Franchise, franchising, franchisee, franchisee entrepreneur..

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The study investigated the external factors specifically on the social impacts towards leadership in Higher education in Malaysia. The paper aims to highlight the social impacts in the areas namely, indirect communication, preserving face, status gap, self-interest, and Malaysian culture towards the leadership in higher institutions. The study employed a qualitative paradigm where a total of thirty two respondents were interviewed. The findings show that social impacts contribute significantly towards the construction of leadership and leadership effectiveness at Higher Education in Malaysia. Thus, this implies that leadership is being constructed by the surrounding environment, that a simple formula for leadership does not exist. Keywords Leadership, higher education, social impact, culture, communication..

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This paper attempts to study returns to education by taking into account of the quality of jobs match held by workers in the manufacturing sector of Malaysia. This type of study is quite rare not only in the country but also across developing nations. Using the second Malaysia Productivity Investment Climate Survey (PICS-2), nearly 20% and 30% of workers employed in jobs for which they are overeducated and undereducated, respectively. Further findings indicate that Over-education is more acute amongst highly-educated workers whilst under-education is more evident for lowly educated workers. By gender, women have a higher proportion of overeducated workers compared to men. Consequently, over-education leads to a lower productivity in terms of earnings. The augmented Mincer earnings equation, i.e. the ORU model clearly show that although returns to surplus education was positive (So), the return was lower than the returns to required education (Sr), approximately 6% against 10%. This mea.....

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