The study was conducted to investigate the acute and sub-acute toxicity effect of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves aqueous extract (AEAM) towards male ICR mice in terms of body weight, relative organ weight, mortality rate and sperm parameters. In acute toxicity study, a single dose at of 2000 mg/kg was performed. In sub-acute toxicity study, the mice were received normal saline (control group), 50, 100, 150, 200, 500, or 1000 mg/kg of AEAM orally for 21 days of treatment. In sub-acute toxicity study, the number of abnormal sperm were significantly decreased in AEAM 100, 150, 200, 500, and 1000 when compared to the control group. While, the motility of sperm were found to be significantly increased in AEAM 100, 150, 200, and 1000 as compared to the control group. No mortality was recorded in the control group and treated groups in both toxicity studies except for one mouse from AEAM 1000 group. However, the mild sedative effect in terms of the tendency to sleep was clearly noticeable in bo.....

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Objective: To investigate the effects of Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts on the aphrodisiac properties including sexual behaviour, testosterone level, percentage of pregnancy, number of offspring and male to female ratio of offspring in ICR mice. Methods: In this experiment, each male cohabitated with one female in a polysulfone cage. 30 ICR male mice were divided into 6 groups that received normal saline (the control group), 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1 000 mg/kg body weight of Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts orally for 21 days consecutively. Sexual behavior, percentage of pregnancy, number of offspring and male to female ratio of offspring in ICR mice were measured according to the established methods. Testosterone level was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Mice that received Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts at 50 mg/kg body weight (day 0) had significantly higher mount frequency as compared to the con.....

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The study was conducted to investigate the effect of intercropping system between short-term crops and karas trees on the growth of karas trees and the side income made by the karas planters after implementing the intercropping system. There were four treatment groups implemented in this study which include monoculture of karas(control), karas with chilli (T1), karas with okra(T2) and karas with corn (T3). The karas tree growth parameters measured were height (cm), circumference (cm) and leaves count. The production yield of selected short-term crops was weighed in kilogram and the net profit analysis was made based on the market price of chilli, corn and okra. The data collection for the growth of karas tree was done ‘before’ and ‘during’ the plantation of short-term cropsin the study site as well as ‘after’ the short-term crops were removed from the study site.Data analysis showed that there was a significant difference (p..

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The study was carried out to evaluate the impact of seasonal variations on the hematological responses of goats in Malaysia. Fifty-two goats (24 bucks and 28 does), aged between 1 to 2 years old were used in the study. The goats were fed on commercial concentrate and forage, access to mineral salt and water was ad libitum. Blood samples were obtained from each goat in January, May and September to analyze hematology blood constitute during the study. The results showed that red blood cell (RBC) levels in Anglo-Nubian females rose dramatically in January and May while the Saanen breed remains without diversity. In all seasons, high hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of Anglo-Nubian males was unlike Saanen breed. For Saanen females, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased significantly, whereas in Saanen males, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and MCH concentration (MCHC) were increased. High packed cell volume (PCV) concentration of Anglo females compared to others during September. In conc.....

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In the 21st century, strengthening students’ global wisdom is essential as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the vision of Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES). This study aims to preserve the drinking tea culture through Ethno-STEM-integrated project learning and equip global diversity characters. The research subjects were 27 chemistry education students at Universitas Negeri Semarang taking the mini research course. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and experiments identifying herbal tea aroma compounds using a coffee maker integrated with an Arduino gas sensor. The following are the conclusions of this study: (a) Global diversity characters increase in the context of knowledge, attitudes, and cognitive skills after implementing Ethno-STEM-integrated project learning, (b) Scientific knowledge products are reconstructed based on Indigenous knowledge regarding drinking tea culture, tea making, benefits and responses to tea as local wisdom, (c) 27.....

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