Paraphalaenopsis labukensis Shim, A. Lamb & C.L. Chan (P. labukensis) is an endangered monopodial epiphytic orchid threatened due to habitat fragmentation and overharvesting. Consequently, this research aimed to achieve in vitro propagation of P. labukensis through asymbiotic seed germination and seedling development. This study focused on identification and optimizing capsule maturity, basal media and nutrient requirements. In addition, after hand pollinating the plant, their capsules flowers, length, girth, and colour variations were recorded weekly to ascertain morphological maturity characters of this species. Murashige and Skoog (MS), Knudson C (KC), and Vaccin and Went (VW) basal media were used to determine seed vegetation at 60, 90, and 120 days. Subsequently, for the proliferation and development of protocorms, the best basal media were those supplemented with different organic additives (coconut water (CW) and banana homogenate (BH)) and plant growth regulators (PGRs). As a r.....

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