Calixarenes is widely used as a sensor material due to nanoporous film structure. We used a type of calix[4]arenes to observe the suitability of calixarenes paired with Pb2+ ions. Langmuir Blodgett technique was used to observe the surface pressure-area (Π-A) isotherm, surface potential-area (ΔV-A) isotherm and effective dipole moment (μ⊥) characteristic of the calixarenes due to the binding interaction. The radius of Calixarenes‘ cavity was determined from its isotherm and we found that the cavity‘s radius is inversely proportional to spreading volume. When the PbCl2 salt is introduced into the subphase, the Pb2+ions begin to interact with Mat 3 until stabilization is achieved indicating the greatest number of ions that can bind with Mat 3 has been reached. Hence, ion sensing of Pb2+ ions using Mat 3 can be achieved over the range of 0 - 6.50×10−2-2 mM..

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Employers now require employees who mastered the technical and employability skills. Unfortunately employability skills acquired by does not meet the criteria education institution graduates by employers. This study aims to evaluate the level of employability skills on engineering students at higher education institutions from the perspective of employers. The descriptive study used quantitative approach involve a total of 171 respondents which is the engineering employers who were provided placement for industrial training to students of technical institutions. The instrument used in this study were adapted from the instruments of Modul Kemahiran Insaniah Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia, Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skill (SCANS) Amerika, Malaysian Qualification Framework (MQF), MyGSI and IKGPP and several models from previous studies. The variables of this study are communication skills, spiritual skills, teamwork, leadership, lifelong learning and informatio.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan meninjau kemahiran employabiliti pelajar kejuruteraan di politeknik daripada perspektif majikan. Kajian kes ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Untuk mengumpul data, satu set protokol temu bual telah dibina berdasarkan objektif kajian dan tinjauan literatur. Sebanyak sepuluh elemen kemahiran employabiliti yang telah dikenal pasti antaranya kemahiran komunikasi, kerja berpasukan, kepimpinan, etika dan moral, kerohanian, pembelajaran sepanjang hayat dan pengurusan maklumat, pemikiran kritikal dan penyelesaian masalah, menggunakan teknologi, keusahawanan dan kemahiran sosial. Seramai sembilan orang majikan di sekitar Lembah Klang, Kota Bharu dan Ipoh telah dipilih berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Majikan percaya bahawa kemahiran employabiliti pelajar kejuruteraan politeknik harus dipertingkatkan. Data temu bual menunjukkan majikan tidak begitu berpuas hati terhadap penguasaan kemahiran employabiliti pelajar kejuruteraan politeknik terutamanya daripada as.....

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This survey study was carried out to review the measurement items of learning environment model for engineering students. A total of 535 respondents were involved in this research. The variables presented in this research were the peer interaction, lecturer interaction and education facilities. Data were analyzed descriptively for reliability (Cronbach Alpha values) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to obtain 3 factor solutions using AMOS software. The results showed that the Cronbach Alpha was on the classification of high and very high which was higher than 0.70. Result of CFA confirmed 3 factors solution with data collected was fit with model. The study also proposed a model of learning environment for engineering students...

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In this article, we describe the construction and operation of a low-cost experimental system to demonstrate the fundamental concepts of solar photovoltaic cells. The major goal of this project is to provide students with basic instrumentation and methodologies to learn fundamental concepts of solar photovoltaic cell and its application. The system runs under the Windows operating system and is composed of an Arduino UNO ATmega328p data acquisition board as well as current and voltage sensing elements. A software written under the open-source programming language platform was used to program the microcontroller while the sun path simulation software was used for tracking the sun. The site location coordinates were determined by using a Google maps application. The experiments were performed throughout the day and the current and voltage data were automatically captured and graphically presented in an excel spreadsheet. It was found that the fill factor and power conversion efficiency o.....

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Isotherms are generally curves that depict the phenomena that govern a substances mobility at a constant temperature and pH. In this study, the Langmuir layer of P3OT, P3HT and PCBM were characterised by computing their surface pressure as a function of the surface area available to the molecules at the interface to obtain a curve called surface pressure area (?-A) isotherm. All three polymers were spread on two types of subphases-DI water and water containing bivalent metal ions, Pb2+. None of the Langmuir layers exhibits discrete gas-liquid-solid phase transitions on the water subphase. However, more stable Langmuir layers formed when lead ions were added to the water subphase. The stability enables the capping of lead ions between the polymer chain or within the balls, which can be implemented in flexible electronic devices. 2023, Penerbit Akademia Baru. All rights reserved...

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The electrical current noise of a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) diode-like device fabricated by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique has been studied at low to moderate dc bias current at room temperature. The result shows that the current noise spectral density SI(f) is 1/f like and the noise power was highly dependent on the bias current. The 1/f noise was not observed at zero bias. It is believed that at low bias current, the origin of noise was due to the bulk phenomena - silicon substrate and contacts whilst at higher bias current, the origin of noise in the device was solely from the LB films _ surface influence. Keywords LB films, low-frequency noise measurement, 1/f noise, current noise spectral density..

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