A method to construct the transition curves by using a family of the quartic Bezier spiral is described. The applications of quartic spiral discussed are G2 transition curve joining a straight line and a circle, and joining two straight lines with a pair of spiral segment. A spiral is a curve of monotone increasing or monotone decreasing curvature of one sign. Thus, a spiral cannot have an inflection point or curvature extreme. The family of quartic Bezier spiral form which was introduced has more degrees of freedom and will give a better approximation to clothoid spiral. These methods of constructing transition curves can be simplified by transformation process which extends the application area, and it gives a family of transition curves that allow more flexible curve designs. Keywords Transition curve, curvature, quartic Bezier spiral..

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The electrical current noise of a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) diode-like device fabricated by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique has been studied at low to moderate dc bias current at room temperature. The result shows that the current noise spectral density SI(f) is 1/f like and the noise power was highly dependent on the bias current. The 1/f noise was not observed at zero bias. It is believed that at low bias current, the origin of noise was due to the bulk phenomena - silicon substrate and contacts whilst at higher bias current, the origin of noise in the device was solely from the LB films _ surface influence. Keywords LB films, low-frequency noise measurement, 1/f noise, current noise spectral density..

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This paper presents a study on the design and performance of a photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) water based system. The objective of the study is to improve the performance of the designed photovoltaic thermal system. Water is used to cool the photovoltaic module by passing it through the thermal solar collector under the bottom surface of the module. Thus, both electrical energy and heat can be generated simultaneously. The system was tested under three simulated solar intensities of 200 W/m2, 400 W/m2 and 600 W/m2. Each intensity was conducted in three modes of condition; a single PV, PV/T with and without water flowing to compare the efficiency and also the maximum power output generation. The results obtained were analyzed in I-V and P-V curves. From the comparison made between a single PV module and PV/T with water flow, the results showed that the photovoltaic efficiency increased by an average of 0.29%. The maximum power output of photovoltaic at the PV/T with water flow increased by.....

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This paper describes the HIV/AIDS Preventive Education that was implemented in September 2009 amongst 56 Semester-5 student teachers at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). The main purpose of this project is to build capacity in terms of HIV/AIDS knowledge among secondary school student teachers with the hope that, not only would they be aware and able to take the necessary steps to reduce HIV infection, but also to multiply the effect when they serve as trained science teachers. Given the purpose and the exploratory nature of this research project, a mixed-methodology design was employed: one-group pretest-posttest design which involved a single group that was pretested, exposed to the HIV/AIDS Preventive Education that judiciously appropriated the principled Five- Phase Constructivist Model (i.e., orientation, elicitation of ideas, restructuring of ideas, application of ideas, and review phases) with embedment of Jigsaw-II in the idearestructuring phase, and post-tested; and t.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pelaksanaan strategi pengajaran bahasa (SPB) bagi menguasai kemahiran membaca dalam kalangan murid pemulihan khas Tahun 2. Objektif kajian adalah untuk meneroka pengetahuan guru pemulihan khas tentang SPB, menghuraikan pelaksanaan SPB dalam PdP Bahasa Melayu, menjelaskan proses SPB membaca untuk meningkatkan kemahiran membaca murid pemulihan dan melihat keberkesanan pelaksanaan PdP kemahiran membaca menggunakan SPB membaca Kaedah Latih Tubi Holistik. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes. Peserta kajian terdiri daripada seorang guru pemulihan dan seramai 22 orang murid pemulihan yang dipilih secara bertujuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik pemerhatian, temu bual dan analisis dokumen. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, berdasarkan tema-tema yang terhasil dan dipersembahkan dalam bentuk naratif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pengetahuan guru pemulihan terhadap SPB adalah baik. Pelaksanaan SPB di dalam PdP pula dapat dilihat pa.....

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This study aimed to develop a teacher training module for game-based learning (GBL) approach in teaching Newton's laws of motion and to determine its usability and effects on teachers' perceptions of their game literacy capabilities. This study employed the Design and Developmental (DDR) research design. The module was developed using the ADDIE model. A need analysis was conducted using questionnaires involving 338 Physics teachers selected through a stratified sampling method. Descriptive statistics were used in the first phase. The nominal group technique (NGT) and fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) were used in the second phase to identify the main components of the module, obtained through the consensus of nine experts in NGT, with a percentage of agreement of more than 70%. The data collected through FDM involved another 15 experts. The suitability of the items in the module was assessed based on the threshold d value _ 0.2 and percentage of agreement _ 75%. Furthermore, a group of seven e.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan perutusan pengarang dalam naskhah drama absurd Ismail Kassan, iaitu _Syajar_, _Sabda Sang Pendeta_, dan _Istiqamah_. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis dan penghuraian teks yang dilakukan secara deskriptif. Objektif kajian ini adalah mengenal pasti ciri-ciri naskhah drama absurd Melayu, menyelidiki Konsep Estetika Bersepadu yang digagaskan Abdul Halim Ali (2010) dan merumuskan perutusan pengarang dalam trilogi naskhah drama absurd Ismail Kassan dengan mengaplikasikan Konsep Estetika Bersepadu. Hasil kajian mendapati, ciri-ciri naskhah drama absurd Melayu mengetengahkan nilai-nilai keislaman dan isu-isu masyarakat, selain latar pentas dan watak-watak tidak spesifik, dialog tegas dan menarik serta mempunyai elemen moden. Hasil kajian menunjukkan Konsep Estetika Bersepadu oleh Abdul Halim Ali menekankan Ciri-ciri Keadaman Teks Kesusasteraan perpegang kepada prinsip kesepaduan dan perkaitan yang ada pertalian tekstual dalam usaha pengarang menyampa.....

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Three phases of quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group posttest only design were conducted to investigate the effects of using graphing calculators in mathematics teaching and learning on Form Four Malaysian secondary school students_ performance. Experiment in Phase I was conducted for two weeks to provide an initial indicator of the effectiveness of graphing calculator strategy on students_ performance. Graphing calculator strategy refers to the use of TI-83 Plus graphing calculator in teaching and learning of Straight Lines topic. The first phase involved one experimental group (n=21) and one control group (n=19) from two Form Four classes in a randomly selected school in Selangor. The experimental group underwent learning using graphing calculator while the control group underwent learning using conventional instruction. Experiment for Phase II was further carried out for six weeks incorporating measures of mathematical performance, mental effort and instruction.....

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Ligan-ligan asetilpirol fencon azin (8), asetiltiofen fencon azin (11), asetilpirol kamfor azin (10), dan asetiltiofen kamfor azin (12) telah disediakan melalui tindak balas kondensasi bersama dengan fencon hidrazon (5) ataupun kamfor hidrazon (6). Data eksperimen menunjukkan bahawa ligan-ligan (8) dan (10) adalah ligan bersifat penderma bidentat N, N manakala, ligan-ligan (11) dan (12) adalah ligan bersifat penderma bidentat N, S. Semua kompleks yang didapati (13), (14), (15) dan (16) membentuk gelang bercincin enam bersama paladium(II). Kata kunci: Asetilpirol, asetiltiofen, azin, fencon, kamfor, kompleks paladium(II), pengsiklologaman..

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Five plants species; Cymbopogon nardus (serai wangi), Cymbopogon citratus (serai makan), Citrus hystrix (limau purut), Citrus limon (limau nipis) and Polygonum sp. (daun kesum) have been selected based on their aromatic properties. Air-dried samples were extracted using three different organic solvents; (hexane, chloroform, and ethanol). Extracts then were dried using the rotary evaporator. Aromatic samples were hydrodistilled for their essential oil and analyzed for the determination of chemical profile such as alkaloids, terpene and flavonoid using the gas chromatography (GC). The essential oil was tested on their repellent or attractant properties using guinea pigs and mosquitoes. Most extracts showed repellent properties. Keywords: Screening, insect repellent, insect attractant, alkaloid, flavonoid, terpene...

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