Phenotyping of human muscle based on its profile of myosin heavy chain isoforms is commonly used to help understand changes in muscle function. However, in many instances, measureable changes in force output or contractility occur in the absence of any change in myosin heavy chain profile. Therefore, more sophisticated analysis is required. Proteomic techniques including 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, highperformance liquid chromatography and peptide mass spectrometry can be used to investigate changes in the abundance of hundreds of proteins simultaneously. To date, such techniques have not been used to specifically characterise the human myofibrillar proteome, or study how the myofibrillar proteome relates to muscle outputs such as peak isometric force or the velocity of contraction. This thesis presents a series of studies that develop proteomic techniques for the analysis of myofibrillar proteins as well as optimisation of techniques for measuring the range of muscle output fro.....

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Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 5(2): 9-14, 2016 - Jump squat tests can be used to investigate the differences in the force - velocity (f-v) profile in movement that is more a sport-specific than isolated exercises such as open chain leg extension. However, squat jumps involve multi-joint movement, making it questionable which muscle is the main contributor for the movement. The main aim of this study is to develop a test of isolated knee extension that encompasses the entire range of human f-v relationship and to investigate the correlation between linear encoder and kinematic measurement of angular velocity using a camera system during unloaded kicking. One healthy male subject volunteered to participate in the study and performed 10 unloaded kicks (knee extension). A cuff was strapped around the lower leg, approximately 2 cm above the medial malleoli and connected to a linear velocity encoder (MuscleLab Ergotest version 4010, Norway). During the test sessions, three.....

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Calixarenes is widely used as a sensor material due to nanoporous film structure. We used a type of calix[4]arenes to observe the suitability of calixarenes paired with Pb2+ ions. Langmuir Blodgett technique was used to observe the surface pressure-area (Π-A) isotherm, surface potential-area (ΔV-A) isotherm and effective dipole moment (μ⊥) characteristic of the calixarenes due to the binding interaction. The radius of Calixarenes‘ cavity was determined from its isotherm and we found that the cavity‘s radius is inversely proportional to spreading volume. When the PbCl2 salt is introduced into the subphase, the Pb2+ions begin to interact with Mat 3 until stabilization is achieved indicating the greatest number of ions that can bind with Mat 3 has been reached. Hence, ion sensing of Pb2+ ions using Mat 3 can be achieved over the range of 0 - 6.50×10−2-2 mM..

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Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis kehalusan budi berkaitan dengan diri sendiri, keluarga, masyarakat, dan kepimpinan. Kehalusan budi juga dimaksudkan ketika berhubung dengan makhluk selain manusia dan dengan Allah S.W.T. Analisis berdasarkan lima buah puisi tradisional Raja Ali Haji iaitu Syair Abdul Muluk, Gurindam Dua Belas, Thamarat al-Muhimmah, Tuhfat al-Nafis, dan Syair Sinar Gemala Mestika Alam. Teori yang digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah teori semiotik janaan Charles Sanders Peirce dan juga teori pragmatik untuk mendapatkan makna teks berdasarkan kualiti fikiran, perasaan, idea, sifat, sikap, dan perilaku yang menjadi indeks kehalusan budi. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa karya Raja Ali Haji mengandungi kualiti kehalusan budi yang bersesuaian dengan ajaran agama Islam. Berdasarkan teori semiotik, kehalusan budi dalam karya Raja Ali Haji terdiri daripada empat. Pertama, qualisign ikonik rhematik iaitu kualiti sedia ada pada individu yang memiliki kehalusan budi. Kedua, sins.....

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Employers now require employees who mastered the technical and employability skills. Unfortunately employability skills acquired by does not meet the criteria education institution graduates by employers. This study aims to evaluate the level of employability skills on engineering students at higher education institutions from the perspective of employers. The descriptive study used quantitative approach involve a total of 171 respondents which is the engineering employers who were provided placement for industrial training to students of technical institutions. The instrument used in this study were adapted from the instruments of Modul Kemahiran Insaniah Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia, Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skill (SCANS) Amerika, Malaysian Qualification Framework (MQF), MyGSI and IKGPP and several models from previous studies. The variables of this study are communication skills, spiritual skills, teamwork, leadership, lifelong learning and informatio.....

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The purpose of this study was to determine the variants of phonology sounds /θ/, /ð/, /ʃ/ and /tʃ/ among different races which are Malays, Chinese, Indians and other races such as Kayan, Melanau and Dusun. In Malaysia, the English language is the second official language and there are varieties on how people of different ethnicity pronounce certain words in their speech.This study was mainly based on the investigation on the pronunciation of words which had those sounds of 32 participants from Sultan Idris Education University. The first language of these participants varied as we have selected eight participants from each category of races. This study was conducted by adapting the variability model developed by William Labov (1970). The findings indicate that the majority of the participants had varieties in the pronunciation of /θ/ and /ð/ sounds. However, for /ʃ/ and /tʃ/ sounds, almost all of the participants managed to pronounce it correctly. The researchers found that eac.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan meninjau kemahiran employabiliti pelajar kejuruteraan di politeknik daripada perspektif majikan. Kajian kes ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Untuk mengumpul data, satu set protokol temu bual telah dibina berdasarkan objektif kajian dan tinjauan literatur. Sebanyak sepuluh elemen kemahiran employabiliti yang telah dikenal pasti antaranya kemahiran komunikasi, kerja berpasukan, kepimpinan, etika dan moral, kerohanian, pembelajaran sepanjang hayat dan pengurusan maklumat, pemikiran kritikal dan penyelesaian masalah, menggunakan teknologi, keusahawanan dan kemahiran sosial. Seramai sembilan orang majikan di sekitar Lembah Klang, Kota Bharu dan Ipoh telah dipilih berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Majikan percaya bahawa kemahiran employabiliti pelajar kejuruteraan politeknik harus dipertingkatkan. Data temu bual menunjukkan majikan tidak begitu berpuas hati terhadap penguasaan kemahiran employabiliti pelajar kejuruteraan politeknik terutamanya daripada as.....

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This survey study was carried out to review the measurement items of learning environment model for engineering students. A total of 535 respondents were involved in this research. The variables presented in this research were the peer interaction, lecturer interaction and education facilities. Data were analyzed descriptively for reliability (Cronbach Alpha values) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to obtain 3 factor solutions using AMOS software. The results showed that the Cronbach Alpha was on the classification of high and very high which was higher than 0.70. Result of CFA confirmed 3 factors solution with data collected was fit with model. The study also proposed a model of learning environment for engineering students...

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To investigate the feasibility of using isolated knee performance to measure the f-v profile of human muscle in vivo, we were using isokinetic dynamometry (IKD) technique that span the entire f-v profile of skeletal muscle. With institutional ethics approval, eleven healthy males (mean ± SD: age, 24.9 ± 3.1 years; body mass, 80.2 ± 10.1 kg; height, 176.2 ± 7.1 cm) completed this study. The participants were physically active and were familiarized with the techniques and protocol prior to completing 4 experimental sessions (1 introductory session and 3 repeated experiment sessions). The sessions was used a protocol of knee extensor function on IKD at isometric mode and angular velocities of 60˚.s-1, 120˚.s-1, 240˚.s-1 and 450˚.s-1. IKD data were not significantly different across the 3 repeated trials, demonstrating there was no evidence of systematic bias. The average coefficient of variation (CV) of IKD was 9.3 ± 3.0% ranging from 7.0 to 15.7%. Therefore the isolated knee per.....

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