Sports culture can be defined as a positive value attitude of an individual to sport. These values act for the individual as social ideals, senses, symbols, norms, and samples of behavior that regulate the entire activity and social relations in a sports sphere. The Institute for Youth Research Malaysia (IYRES) initiated to determine the nation's sports culture since 2018. The latest research on the Malaysian Sports Index conducted in 2022, among 3735 respondents from various backgrounds according to age group, gender, ethnicity, and location using a self-designed questionnaire by IYRES with two domains and five indicators. The first domain is participation with activeness as the indicator. The second domain is sporting spirit with four indicators namely Voluntarism, Dedication, Expenditure and Contribution. Each and every indicator contributes towards Malaysian sports culture index based on the Index score scale created by experts from IYRES. The descriptive analysis showed Malaysian .....

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English is an important subject for scoring in primary and secondary school exams in Malaysia. However, students are exposed to countless grammatical errors and are affected by the dialect they use in daily communication, especially for students who live in Kelantan. They are used to the use of dialect words in daily conversation. Therefore, they faced difficulties in understanding and translating the words from Bahasa Melayu to English. Furthermore, there is a lack of mobile application dictionaries to help primary school students to translate Kelantan’s dialect into English. The objectives of this research are (i) to analyse the needs and requirements to develop an AR mobile application to translate Kelantan’s dialect into English, (ii) to develop an AR mobile application that can look up the meaning of Kelantan’s dialect in English accurately, (iii) to evaluate the usability of the mobile application in terms of compatibility, consistency, flexibility, and learnability, and (i.....

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Various technologies have been used in making teaching and learning sessions more effective, fun, and enjoyable. One of the ways to make teaching and learning interactive is by emphasizing the use of mobile augmented reality (MAR). Thus, this study has proposed using MAR for a chemistry subject, namely science exploration (SCIENEX). This study adopted design and development research (DDR) by employing the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model. The phases involved in DDR are ADDIE. SCIENEX was evaluated based on its validity, usability, and effectiveness. Five experts validated SCIENEX after it had been completely developed. The samples for usability testing and effectiveness of SCIENEX were 30 secondary school students who were studying chemistry. The results of the evaluation of the experts’ validation revealed that SCIENEX is a valid and appropriate MAR application for the learning of topics in chemistry. The result also revealed that the major.....

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With the rapid development of information technology such as big data and learning analytics, intelligent systems, a product of the deep integration of technology and education, have emerged. In this paper, a human-computer interaction teaching system for traditional New Year Painting is proposed based on the learner model. Firstly, the attention mechanism based long and short term memory network is used to mine the emotion from the course review text of learners, and the association rule algorithm and ID3 algorithm are used to initialize and dynamically update the text. Constructing a personalized HCI teaching system with the learner as the center. Based on the smart learning model, the functional modules of the human-computer interaction teaching system are analyzed and designed in detail, including online learning, online testing and educational information. The design of the database of the intelligent teaching system is proposed, and the design process of the database is fully dem.....

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[No abstract available]..

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This study was designed to examine the essential oils compositions of Litsea glauca Siebold and Litsea fulva Fern.-Vill. growing in Malaysia. The essential oils were achieved by hydrodistillation and fully characterized by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study identified 17 and 19 components from the leaf oils from L. glauca (80.7%) and L. fulva (81.5%), respectively. The major components of L. glauca oil were β-selinene (30.8%), β-calacorene (11.3%), tridecanal (7.6%), isophytol (4.8%) and β-eudesmol (4.5%); whereas in L. fulva oil gave β-caryophyllene (27.8%), caryophyllene oxide (12.8%), α-cadinol (6.3%), (E)-nerolidol (5.7%), β-selinene (5.5%) and tridecanal (5.0%). Anticholinesterase activity was evaluated using Ellman method. The essential oils showed moderate inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase assays. Our findings demonstrate that the essential oil could be very useful for the characteriza.....

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Swarm robotic is well known for its flexibility, scalability and robustness that make it suitable for solving many real-world problems. Source searching which is characterized by complex operation due to the spatial characteristic of the source intensity distribution, uncertain searching environments and rigid searching constraints is an example of application where swarm robotics can be applied. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is one of the famous algorithms have been used for source searching where its effectiveness depends on several factors. Improper parameter selection may lead to a premature convergence and thus robots will fail (i.e., low success rate) to locate the source within the given searching constraints. Additionally, target overshooting and improper initialization strategies may lead to a nonoptimal (i.e., take longer time to converge) target searching. In this study, a modified PSO and three different initializations strategies (i.e., random, equidistant and centrali.....

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Purpose: The massive expansion of digital platform has been responsible for the widespread progressive engagement created amongst learners and educators. The practice of requiring student feedback on online learning services ensures that teacher education continues to advance its strategic approach to online learning. This paper aims to examine the level of accessibility and adaptability of digital technology with particular focus on Malaysia, by elaborating the value of superior learning service and practical adaptability of online learning during the pandemic era. Design/methodology/approach: This study was conducted using qualitative approach of data collection, namely via structured interview. The listed respondents included 30 higher learners who participated in the study by providing feedback on the issues encountered during the research process. Findings: The findings revealed that the strategic enhancement of digital accessibility continued with digital adaptability to sources .....

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Purpose: The aim of this paper is to examine the strategic approach of culturally responsive and communicative teaching (CRCT) through a critical assessment of interracial teachers in their daily school interactions. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical data were obtained through interviews among ten interracial teachers. The analysis was made through a thematic approach to obtain substantial data from interviews. Findings: The findings reveal that attempts to gain sufficient comprehension of CRCT are actualized through routine interaction in the multicultural school environment hence resulting in embedding self-awareness of cultural competence in a multicultural classroom, constructing emotional and social development on cultural awareness and internalizing responsive awareness on social engagement in global learning. Originality/value: The contribution of this research provides an insightful value on expanding key consideration to support the multicultural classroom environment.....

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Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have their eating habits impacted by their traits, such as difficulty remaining seated at the table and exhibiting behaviors during mealtime. This often worries parents and causes stress and anxiety. Given video modeling's potential in helping children with ASD, experts should evaluate its effectiveness for teaching eating skills due to limited research in this area. Thus, the study aim to evaluate the validity of the developed videos of eating skills for children with ASD. For face validity, a focus group discussion was held to obtain experts' feedback on the eating skills video and was transcribed verbatim. Otherwise for content validity, the experts received content validity assessment forms and guidelines via email and the results was analysed using Microsoft excell. Face validity revealed four themes: suitability of videos, video quality and clarity, video instructions suitability, task analysis arrangement, and "other" recommendati.....

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