Fertigation is a technique that combines plant fertigation and irrigation that becomes most used by the commercial farmers as well as home growers. However, fertigation systems required a constant water supply and the exact amount of nutrient that plant needed as it changes depending on their growth. The paper aims to research, create, built, test and implement an automatic mixing fertilizer by implementing Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) monitoring system according to the plant’s nutrient level needed. It is also exploring the potential of optimum water usage by constructing an automatic timer for watering the plants according to the routine schedule. The system used an Arduino UNO R3 as a microcontroller. TDS sensor sense and measure the dissolved solids in a nutrient solution which gives information on the number of nutrients or impurities in TDS value. In an automatic watering system, the pump is running according to the timer set by a microcontroller. The frequency of distribution .....

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Mathematics is the subject that has the least frequency of using technology in the school. It is preferred chalk and talk method rather than the use of technology or presentation. Due to pandemic Covid19, the suitable method for the teaching and learning process is virtual learning. The same goes for teachers who need to change the method and think about how to implement it through online learning. Interactive multimedia is one of the best media that can attract students to learn in distance education, especially for Mathematics subjects that are most suitable to be conducted on the traditional method. It is more challenging as this new era has happened suddenly and it creates emergency online learning where most teachers do not experts in enhancing the interactivity learning at first. The purpose of this study is (1) to identify students’ perception of interactive multimedia in learning Mathematics during online distance learning and (2) to understand students’ motivation towards .....

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The implementation of full online teaching and learning activities in Higher Educational institutions invites tangible challenges to sustain students’ interest and engagement in the course, throughout the semester. Meaningful learning encourages students to develop concepts constructively in active learning that promote the integration of knowledge in daily life and potential career applications. Meaningful learning also applies richer application capabilities in synchronous or asynchronous learning systems. Visualization is a technic to support concept description and imagination and provide an additional effective layer for learning towards increased motivation. In this paper, a discussion of the active involvement of students using visualization in online data analytics courses at the tertiary level is presented. Based on functional context principles of visualized course content, recommendations to practitioners are discussed.  ..

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While fatty acids found in human milk account for half of the energy consumed by exclusively breastfed infants, fatty acids such as monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) plays critical roles in infant growth. Fatty acids components in human milk are vary widely accordance to the maternal diet during lactation but has not been sufficiently studied. The objective of this paper was to determine the correlation between maternal macronutrient intake with human milk’s fatty acids composition among exclusively breastfeeding mothers. A total of N=36 lactating mothers were recruited based on convenience sampling basis from Dengkil, Selangor and Kuantan, Pahang. A 24-hour dietary recall (24HR) was used to capture mother’s dietary intake in the past 24 hours. The human milk sample was collected in the next day morning after the diet recall and stored before proceeded to another fatty acids extraction and transesterification process namely Blig.....

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This study examines the relationship between exchange rate and crude oil price of five Southeast Asia countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Singapore from January 1979 to January 2022 using monthly data. Augmented Dickey-Fuller test is used to examine the stationarity of the data. DCC-GARCH model is used to investigate the correlation between oil price and exchange rate. The result shows that skewness, kurtosis, autocorrelation and ARCH effects were found in both oil price and exchange rate. Results suggested that both short run persistence (α) and long run persistence(β) are found to be highly significant for oil price and exchange rate of all countries except Indonesia. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients vary over times for all the countries studied. Negative relationship was found between oil price and exchange rate over most of the periods studied in all countries studied...

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This case study aims to analyze voice-controller (VC)’s implementation of five, national-type secondary schools, Kinta Utara, Ipoh, Perak, teachers in teaching mathematics form-one (T1) Dual Language Programme (DLP). VC consists of three elements: sound level and voice level practice (SL-VL-P); marker and voice level practice (M-VL-P); and activity and voice level practice (A-VL-P). Students’ voice level barrier disturbs teaching and learning. Teacher should control students’ voice level. This study contributes an alternative classroom control strategy for teachers and reflection to Secondary School Standard Curriculum planner about learning and facilitating’s situation in school from communication perspective. Data collection methods were teaching observation, interview, and document analysis. Content analysis method was used to analyze data. The research’s findings indicate the number of participants who had the VC’s goal: cognitive domain (five), affective domain (four),.....

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This study investigated the use of collaborative learning to enhance mathematical understanding among elementary students. This study will give an overview on the usage of collaborative learning in mathematical teaching and learning as an interactive and interesting alternative approach that helps in enhancing mathematical understanding of learners. Mathematics may be regards as hard and difficult subject by most learners as they tend to be learning this subject in more traditional approach. This study focuses on the objective to study the interactions of the students during the collaborative learning activities, to investigate students’ perception and attitude towards collaborative learning as well as the effectiveness of collaborative learning in enhancing student’s mathematical understanding. This study employed the qualitative approach by combining the Communication Study Framework by Sfard and Kieren (2001) and The Pirie-Kieren Theory (1992,1991). The data collected from selec.....

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This study aims to develop a preschool management framework. Preschool management is led by the principal who acts as the preschool manager, who plans the entire operation of a preschool. The first research question is to describe the similarities and differences in the laws and practices of Preschool Management in Malaysia and Indonesia. The second research question is to explore the participation of managers and government officials in Preschool Management practices during the implementation of Early Childhood Education (ECE) standards. The third research question is to investigate the function of managers in the government's Preschool Management practice. Finally, the fourth research question is to develop a 'Preschool - Manager Routine Task (PresMaRT)' framework as a management practice in preschool. Therefore, case studies were selected for both countries by using descriptive qualitative research. This process is through document analysis, observation, focus group disc.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memupuk potensi diri murid sekolah rendah yang berkemampuan untuk berjaya sekiranya diberi peluang dan dibimbing dengan cara yang sewajarnya. Kajian ini menepati dan menyokong dasar Kementerian PelajaranMalaysia (KPM) dan Jabatan kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara (JKKN) yang telah mewujudkan Program Bimbingan Seni Budaya (PBSB) yang bertujuan untuk memberikan bimbingan, asuhan, latihan, pemupukan dan pengukuhan tanpa mengira kaum, etnik dan jantina. Kajian ini dijalankan melalui suatu bengkel teater advokasi yang mana prosesnya melibatkan aktiviti latihan teater bersandarkan modul teater (PBSB) bersama murid sekolah rendah yang terpilih di Tawau, Sabah yang dipimpin oleh jurulatih terlatih JKKN. Bengkel ini berlangsung dalam masa 2 hari. Kajian ini mengaplikasi “Teori Kecerdasan Pelbagai” dan berpandukan pada kerangka teater yang difokuskan melalui pemilihan murid dan seterusnya proses memupuk potensi murid melalui kemahiran komunikasi dan hasilnya akan dipe.....

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Pembelajaran teradun merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang efektif dalam tempoh pandemik COVID-19. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kompetensi penggunaan kaedah pembelajaran teradun menggunakan Google Classroom dalam pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan (PdPc) dengan mengenal pasti sikap murid-murid dalam pembelajaran teradun. Selain itu, kajian ini juga mengkaji tahap permahaman Google Classroom dalam kalangan guru-guru serta kompentensi mereka dalam penggunaan Google Classroom sebagai medium pembelajaran teradun. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif berbentuk tinjauan. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 120 orang guruguru dan 80 murid sekolah-sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil di daerah Jasin. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa tahap sikap murid-murid terhadap pembelajaran teradun menggunakan Google Classroom dalam PdPc adalah tinggi. Ini menunjukkan mereka menerima dengan positif pembelajaran secara dalam talian dengan menggunakan Google Classroom yang merupakan satu platform pembelaja.....

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