In the rapidly changing climate of arid desert regions, evaluating the comprehensive characteristics of humidity levels is crucial for agricultural, urban, and infrastructural planning, as well as for minimizing potential public health impacts. We investigated variability and trends of humidity levels in major Saudi Arabian cities during 1982–2022, focusing on the influence of meteorological factors such as average, maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, and windspeed. Employing the Probability Density Function and descriptive statistics, variability of climatic factors was analyzed. The Mann–Kendall Test (MKT) and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) were employed to identify monthly and annual trends. The magnitude and changing patterns were determined by calculating Sen’s Slope and ITA slope. Findings of the MKT and ITA showed similar trends in humidity levels across all the cities. ITA result revealed that humidity in Riyadh and Taif decreased at a rate of 0.012% and 0.016% pe.....

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Purpose: Although the importance of entrepreneurial culture (EC) has been recognized, it remains unclear how EC affects sustainable competitive performance (SCP). This study aims to explore how EC affects SCP via the mediating role of innovation capability (IC) and the moderating role of digital marketing capability (DMC). Design/methodology/approach: Based on data gathered from manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia, the proposed model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling via SmartPLS software. Findings: The analysis results indicate that EC affects IC, which in turn has a positive effect on SCP. In addition, IC mediates the EC-SCP relationship. Importantly, DMC positively moderates the EC–SCP relationship. Research limitations/implications: This study combines IC, DMC and SCP under resource-based view and dynamic capabilities theory into a single framework. Results confirm EC's impact on SMEs' manufacturing sector SCP, wit.....

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Campus grid is a feasible deployment of grid computing since campus environment is equally controlled and the managerial permission is simpler than any other industries. The usability of grid computing is also potentially high, because of the numerous demands from students or researchers in need of high-end computational power and data storage. However, automated efficient way of campus grid platform deployment has never been disclosed, therefore we propose a methodology to deploy a campus grid with automation based on the desktop-grid architecture. Some related issues and challenges that are currently being addressed, with improvements further to be explored, are presented in this paper. Large scale campus grid deployment in this campus involving multiple computer labs and hundreds of computers in total was accomplished, by combining both automation scripts and manual intervention. The chosen campus grid software system is Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC). Th.....

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Problem Statement. Fundamental motor skills are crucial predictors of optimal physical activity engagement. Elementary school settings offer significant potential for fostering these skills through Physical Education (PE). However, studies indicate substantial gaps in fundamental motor skills development in Indonesia, particularly related to students’ motor competence. Purpose. This study aimed to explore the relationships among students' fundamental motor skill levels, teachers' mastery of materials, and the implementation of fundamental motor skill practices in learning. Methods. This research implemented an explanatory sequential design of the mixed-method approach, consisting of several stages. The first stage was to measure students’ fundamental motor skills using the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2). The second stage evaluated teachers’ mastery of learning materials and the learning implementation through a cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling. Following.....

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This study aims to compare how students learn archery skills in terms of physiological ability factors arising from first, middle, and last shots. Arm muscular strength is one physiological ability aspect that affects archery skills. Physical fitness has a big impact on archery success or accomplishment. This comparative quantitative study aims to ascertain how much student learning outcomes for archery skills vary or differ from one another. Thirty individuals from five different classes of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation (2019/2020) were sampled using the cluster random sampling method. Inferential one-way ANOVA descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis in this study, with a significance threshold of α 0.05. The research results show a difference in the average of the three archery skills learning outcomes for the students. The differences are between the outcomes of the first shot (encroachment), middle shot, and final shot. The results of Tukey’s post hoc.....

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There are various issues related to agricultural processes such as the lack of a systematic watering process according to plant needs and the inability to carry out continuous monitoring processes. If users fail to water plants regularly and sufficiently, soil fertility will be reduced and plant growth will be negatively affected. In this project, an IoT-based plant watering system is developed to water plants automatically and provide continuous monitoring over the internet to increase land fertility in the use of garden land in urban life. The developed system automatically waters plants based on sensor feedback (i.e., soil moisture) and actuator activation . It also provides several environmental parameters (i.e., air humidity and temperature) for monitoring purposes. Monitoring is carried out using cloud applications , web and mobile apps . The successful system assessment shows that it fulfills its functions as required and the usability study proves that the developed system is u.....

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Ageing has become an issue of concern in developing countries such as Malaysia. Senior citizens are still able to contribute to employment, albeit with mobility demands. The purpose of this study is to explore mobility issues among the elderly. This study used a mixed-method approach. Purposive sampling survey forms were delivered to 644 people aged 60 years and above. The study interviewed three informants to support the research’s findings. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential approaches, such as percentages, mean scores and cross-tabulation. The results revealed that health had become a major mobility issue. Their limited access to public transport and unfamiliarity with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has limited their choices of transportation, such as e-hailing services. Most have strong support from their families or children to reach their destinations. However, not all elderly have access to a private car and do not live with children or other family.....

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The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between social audit and Sustainable Development Goals implementation. Stakeholder theory prioritizes stakeholder perspectives, helping companies accept societal concerns and align with the SDGs through social audits. The study’s data sample consisted of 74 Malaysian companies from 2021 to 2022. We sourced the SDG data from each company’s official website and collected other variables from their annual reports, such as social audits, company size, debt level, liquidity, and profitability. The fixed effect regression analysis shows that social audit has a negative relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals. Social audits can reveal deficiencies in company practices, potentially lowering the perception of Sustainable Development Goals performance. The study emphasises the need to assess the effectiveness of company accountability mechanisms, like social audits, in promoting positive social and environmental outco.....

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This study examined the acquisition of Islamic values in an Islamic primary school using a logic model-based evaluative approach to assess input, output, and outcome dimensions. The research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of educational practices in promoting Islamic values among students. Data were gathered through interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed through iterative stages of collection, reduction, display, and conclusion. Findings indicate that the structural input for Islamic values learning involves coordinated efforts among various school departments. The school's cultural climate excels in academic, communal, security, and institutional areas. The output is reflected in diverse activities such as morning murâja’ah sessions, Quran reading and writing guidance using the Ummi method, congregational prayers, and rituals like Clean Friday and Blessed Friday. These activities lead to outcomes that foster individual piety, integrity, discipline, hones.....

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Background of the study: Integrating digital resources in education is increasingly important for enhancing student learning experiences and outcomes. This study examines the impact of using iPusnas e-books on the numeracy skills of fifth-grade elementary school students. Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of iPusnas e-books in improving the numeracy skills of elementary school students compared to traditional learning methods using textbooks. Method: A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was employed. The sample consisted of two fifth-grade classes from SD Muhammadiyah 1 Wonopeti, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. One class served as the experimental group using iPusnas e-books, while the other served as the control group using traditional textbooks. Pre-tests and post-tests were administered to assess numeracy skills. Data were analyzed using T-tests and N-Gain tests. Findings: The results indicated a significant improvement in th.....

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