This paper aims to study the impact of Middle East_s tourist arrival towards economic growth in Sarawak. Augmented Dicky-Fuller (ADF) is used to find the stationary of the variables. Besides that, Johansen Cointegration Test and VAR Granger Causality Test are used to address the objectives of study. The results revealed the existence of a short run relationship only between the variables of GDP, Middle East_s tourist arrivals, government expenditure and exchange rate in Sarawak. In addition, the VAR granger causality test indicated that GDP causes both GE and ER in the short run unidirectional respectively. However, the META granger cause the GDP and GE in unidirectional in the short run respectively. Keywords Causality, cointegration, VAR..

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This study analyses the impact of foreign currency exposure on equity return of Malaysian public listed manufacturing companies over 2008-2011. We covered 50 companies with majority having foreign sales or/and foreign purchases exposure. Our investigation is to find out whether the exposure is coming from their foreign sales or foreign purchases; whether their hedging activities in foreign sales and in foreign purchases matters; and whether multiple currency exposure in foreign sales and in foreign purchases have any impact on their equity returns. We find that hedging on foreign sales has significantly reduces the foreign currency exposure while foreign purchase remain a concern as the volatility of the foreign purchase currency has reduces their equity returns. However, we also find that hedging in foreign purchases have a positive impact on equity return when exchange rate of foreign purchase has becomes more volatile. Lastly, multiple foreign currency exposure either in foreign sal.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan menilai keberkesanan penggunaan Buku Cerita Digital Bahasa Tamil (BCTal) sebagai bahan bacaan digital dalam meningkatkan Kemahiran membaca murid Tahun 3 di Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil (SJKT), khususnya dari aspek pengecaman perkataan, kelancaran membaca ayat, kefahaman membaca petikan serta minat dan penglibatan murid dalam aktiviti membaca. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbentuk kajian kes denga dengan pemilihan peserta secara persampelan bertujuan yang melibatkan 30 orang murid Tahun 3 daripada dua buah SJKT di negeri Selangor, iaitu sebuah sekolah luar bandar dan sekolah bandar. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui ujian pra dan ujian pasca sebagai data sokongan, permerhatian berstruktur serta Rekod Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah (PBD) berdasarkan Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) Bahasa Tamil Tahun 3, manakala data dianalisis secara deskriptif bagi mengenal pasti perkembangan kemahiran membaca murid sebelum dan selepas intervensi p.....

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Organizational structure provides guidance to all employees by laying out the official reporting relationships that govern the work flow of the organization. This study tries to open up many windows, still locked in the area of organizational structure in regards to employee involvement and quality of production in manufacturing industry in Malaysia. Such information would enhance the school of thought among researchers. Keywords Employee involvement, organizational structure, quality of production..

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This article aims at inter alia highlighting some important legal issues pertaining to Takaful agents in Malaysia. With the Takaful industry transcending the conventional insurance market locally and globally, Takaful agents have become an important tool in the recent development in the Takaful industry. Hence, the discussion will touch on the legal and Shari_ah position and the rights and liabilities of the Takaful agents parallel to promote and protect and maintain Takaful agents. This article fills that gap by providing specific recommendations regarding to Takaful agents in the Takaful industry. This article is intended to outline a more realistic and nuanced view, based on law and Shari_ah analytical techniques. It is intended to suggest the reasons why legal framework could be an appropriate platform to determine these issues on Takaful agents. Insofar as the current law_s definition of Takaful agent was ambiguity. Yet, there is no legal framework solely supervises the Takaful ag.....

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The aim of the study is to examine the alignment among senior high school English curriculum standards, textbooks, and college entrance examination papers in Mainland China. It employs corpus linguistics software (LancsBox, Sketch Engine, Voyant Tools) and Porter's SEC Model. The study analyzes the high school English curriculum standards, high school English textbooks (seven volumes), and college entrance examination English test papers (2018-2022). Findings indicate that the high school English curriculum standard, high school English textbooks and college entrance examination English test papers are relatively consistent in terms of vocabulary scope, and the overall content scope meets the alignment requirements. The four elements related to the high school English curriculum standards, high school English textbooks, and college entrance examination English test papers in this study are (1) Keywords, (2) Lexical density, (3) Readability, and (4) Alignment index. Based on the finding.....

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Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menguji kesan strategi pembelajaran berasaskan pembelajaran generatif melalui pembelajaran kolaboratif terhadap pencapaian murid bagi tajuk Transformasi Isometri serta menentukan tahap motivasi murid selepas mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan strategi ini. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kuasi eksperimen kumpulan kawalan tak setara, di mana kumpulan rawatan (25 orang murid) diajar menggunakan Rancangan Pengajaran Harian berasaskan pembelajaran generatif melalui pembelajaran kolaboratif (RPH-PGK) manakala kumpulan kawalan (20 orang murid) diajar menggunakan Rancangan Pengajaran Harian kaedah konvensional. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah Ujian Pencapaian bagi Tajuk Transformasi Isometri (UPTI) dan Soal Selidik Motivasi Murid (SSMM) yang mengandungi 30 item. Pemilihan sampel dijalankan secara persampelan rawak berkelompok melibatkan murid Tingkatan 2 di sebuah sekolah di daerah Muallim, Perak. Kajian ini telah berjaya membangunkan Rancang.....

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Under the Economic Transformation Program (ETP), three sub-sectors of National Key Economic Areas (NKEAs) have been identified, i.e. petroleum, oil palm and the electrical and electronics sub-sectors. The importance of NKEAs sub-sector to sustain the performance of the Malaysian economy inspired this study to examine the relationship between high skilled labour and its productivity level. Specifically, this paper focuses on the impact of highly skilled labour on productivity levels in sub-sectors of the NKEAs. Highly skilled labour consists of labour from the managerial and professional category, and, semi-skilled labour is the technical and supervisory category. This study utilizes data from Industrial Manufacturing Survey published by the Department of Statistics Malaysia, covering the period from 1985 to 2010. The results show that highly-skilled labour contributes significantly to the productivity of the overall NKEAs, and each sub-sector of the NKEA, except palm oil. Under the NKE.....

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No consensus of franchisee as entrepreneur is offered in the entrepreneurship and franchising literature. Nevertheless, many studies and debates in franchising studies have perceived the franchisee as entrepreneur rather than employee, buyer or fellow-worker. This paper employs an alternative view that suggest whether a franchisee is seen as an entrepreneur is governed by the way the theorist views his/her role. Further, franchisees may not be the _entrepreneur_ in the fullest sense of the word but they are absolutely an entrepreneur. Therefore, this paper proposes that the franchisee should be viewed as entrepreneur, within the theories of entrepreneur_s characteristics. Keywords Franchise, franchising, franchisee, franchisee entrepreneur..

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Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji keberkesanan penggunaan bahan wama alam semula jadi dalam  menghasilkan batik. lanya penting untuk menilai Kursus Batik SS 2182  yang dijalankan di Fakulti  Sains Sosial dan Kesenian Uruversiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. Penyelidik berusaha untuk mengkaji  keberkesanan kaedah pengajarannya untuk membolehkan  mahasiswa menghasilkan  batik serta untuk   mengkaji dan mempertingkatkan pengajarannya  melalui kajian tindakan. Sampel untuk kajian ini  terdiri daripada 23 orang mahasiswa yang mengambil kursus seperti yang dinyatakan di atas. Penyelidik  menggunakan  model  CIPP ( Konteks, Input, Proses, Produk) yang diperkenalkan oleh  Stufflebeam. Data akan diperolehi secara kaedah kualitatif dan kuantitatif Dapatan kajian ini akan  dianalisis menggunakan SPSS dan beberapa kaedah analisis kualitatif seperti analisis dokumen,  analisis teks, laporan analisis pemerhatian dan borang panduan temu bual. Hasil dapatan kajian ini menunjukk.....

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