This study aimed to develop a Differentiated Pedagogy Module for the topic of basic operations in Year Five Mathematics, with specific emphasis on multiplication and division. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the level of need, validity, and usability of the developed module. A quantitative approach was employed through the (Design and Development Research, DDR) methodology. Data collection was carried out using questionnaire instruments. In Phase 1, the needs analysis involved 12 teachers, while Phase 3 focused on evaluating the module_s usability by 50 teachers. Two sets of questionnaires were used in this study, one set for expert evaluation, and another set comprising two parts to gather user feedback. Data were analysed using SPSS software. The findings revealed that the developed module achieved a high level of validity based on expert evaluation, with a validity score of 89.3%. In terms of usability, the findings showed that most items received high mean scores, rang.....

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Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada pembangunan dan penilaian Modul Pendidikan Kesihatan berasaskan buku cerita grafik untuk mencegah masalah bantut dalam kalangan kanak-kanak prasekolah serta meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pemakanan sihat. Masalah bantut merupakan isu kesihatan yang serius, namun pendekatan interaktif menggunakan bahan visual seperti buku cerita grafik masih kurang diterokai dalam pendidikan kesihatan awal kanak-kanak. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan dan menilai modul yang menangani isu ini. Pendekatan Penyelidikan Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan (DDR) digunakan, merangkumi tiga fasa utama. Fasa I melibatkan analisis keperluan melalui tinjauan terhadap 86 responden, termasuk guru, pegawai pendidikan awal kanak-kanak, dan pegawai pemakanan. Fasa II memberi tumpuan kepada mereka bentuk dan membangunkan modul serta buku cerita grafik dengan input daripada 10 pakar dalam bidang pendidikan awal kanak-kanak, pemakanan, grafik, dan penulisan buku cerita kanak-kanak.....

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This study aims to design a bilingual reading module aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) that integrates Tamil and English for Year Four students in Tamil vernacular schools to improve their English reading proficiency. The objectives of the study are to identify the reading challenges faced by pupils, explore teacher insights to inform the design of the module and evaluate the module_s content relevance, CEFR alignment and suitability for classroom use. A basic qualitative research design was employed, guided by the interpretivist paradigm. The module was developed using the ADDIE instructional design model, which includes five systematic phases: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Two instruments were used to collect data. The first was a semi-structured interview protocol administered to five English language teachers from Tamil vernacular primary schools in Johor Bahru, selected through purposive criterion sampling. The second wa.....

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This study examined the temporal effects of mood and physical activity on subsequent night sleep quality and investigated the differences between objective and subjective sleep measures. Using a within-subject daily process method, 112 participants (81.3% female, mean age = 21.91 years) monitored their mood, physical activity, and sleep over seven days in natural environments. Mood was self-reported using mood diary, while physical activity was recorded via actigraphy (Philips AW2). Sleep quality _ total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL), and sleep quality rating _ was measured using actigraphy and sleep diary. Participants also completed questionnaires on demographics, Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multilevel modeling of 784 observations revealed that physical activity, mood disturbance, and overall mood rating did not predict TST, SE, and SOL measured using actigraphy. However, sle.....

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Tujuan utama kajian ini adalah untuk membangunkan aplikasi pengajaran penulisan mudah alih bagi perkembangan penulisan murid Tahun Satu. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan penyelidikan kuantitatif dengan fokus kepada kaedah penyelidikan tinjauan. Pembangunan aplikasi mudah alih ini adalah berdasarkan model pengajaran ADDIE yang melibatkan fasa analisis, fasa reka bentuk, fasa pembangunan, fasa pelaksanaan dan fasa penilaian. Untuk fasa analisis, soalan berstruktur telah diedarkan kepada guru-guru bagi mengukur tahap penulisan murid. Dapatan daripada fasa analisis menunjukkan 30 peratus murid Tahun Satu dapat menulis dengan tulisan yang jelas dan betul, manakala selebihnya memerlukan bimbingan dalam aspek tanda baca dan tulisan yang jelas. Seterusnya, fasa reka bentuk melibatkan tiga pakar yang terdiri daripada pensyarah daripada Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA), Institut Pendidikan Guru (IPG), dan Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (BPK) Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). Dapatan .....

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This study investigates the relationship between self-concept, achievement goals, and learning environment on motivation among fine art undergraduates in Shandong, China. It fills an identified gap by exploring how self-concept, achievement goals, and learning environment interact to shape motivation in fine art contexts academically, which has received limited empirical and practical focus. Self-concept, comprising self-perception and self-efficacy, was measured to assess its influence on motivation. Achievement goals, which included mastery and performance, were evaluated for their effects on persistence and engagement in artistic tasks. Learning environment factors, including classroom climate and resource availability, were analyzed for their support or hindrance of motivation. The mixed-methods design utilized surveys with 373 respondents for quantitative correlations and semistructured interviews with 20 respondents. The surveys were administered between January and March 2025, i.....

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The objective of this study is to analyze the moral values contained in the literary work by Jasni Matlani, namely the short story collection Cerita Monyet, Anjing dan Pohon Gingko. This study employs a qualitative research method and library research, and the texts are analyzed using descriptive analysis. The findings reveal ten main moral values present in the stories, including responsibility, honesty, compassion, courage, and tolerance. These values are carefully examined within the narratives, which offer deep lessons on ethical behavior and character development.The study emphasizes how the actions and character traits of the protagonists serve as exemplary representations of these values and encourage readers to reflect on the moral elements within the texts. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the short story collection Cerita Monyet, Anjing dan Pohon Gingko is a literary work rich in moral values, as well as creative writing style, as expressed through the literary cra.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan Kerangka Literasi Membaca Teks Bahasa Arab menggunakan teknologi Augmentasi Realiti (AR) bagi Murid Berkeperluan Khas (MBK) di Malaysia. Pendekatan Penyelidikan Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan (PRP) yang diubah suai digunakan dalam tiga fasa utama iaitu analisis keperluan, pembangunan dan reka bentuk, serta penilaian kebolehgunaan, mengikut prosedur Model Dick & Carey. Fasa analisis melibatkan temu bual dengan guru bahasa Arab, Pendidikan Islam, atau guru j-QAF yang mengajar MBK di Sekolah Kebangsaan Khas dan sekolah yang menawarkan Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi (PPKI) serta Program Pendidikan Inklusif (PPI) di lima zon utama Malaysia. Fasa pembangunan menggunakan Teknik Fuzzy Delphi (FDM) dengan 10 orang pakar, manakala penilaian kebolehgunaan dijalankan melalui soal selidik Kebergunaan, Kepuasan, dan Kemudahangunaan (USE Questionnaire) yang melibatkan tujuh pakar berpengalaman. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kerangka ini berpotensi untuk men.....

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The purpose of this study was to investigate essential oils content, phytochemicals, computational modelling and bioactivities of four Knema species (Myristicaceae). Essential oils were extracted via hydrodistillation and were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Phytochemicals were isolated using silica gel column chromatography and their chemical structures were elucidated via spectroscopic methods including nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Computational studies were performed to assess the binding of isolated compounds to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and their antibiofilm activities. The major components of the four Knema essential oils were as following: K. intermedia (_-muurolol, 20.1%), K. malayana (_-cadinene, 20.2%), K. hookeriana (_-caryophyllene, 26.2%), and K. furfuracea (bicyclogermacrene, 23.1%). Phytochemical investigati.....

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Social entrepreneurship represents a novel methodology for tackling global social issues. Despite increasing global interest, less knowledge exists regarding how social enterprises efficiently utilize the abilities of autistic individuals, especially within the Malaysian context. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the realm of social entrepreneurship in Malaysia and examine how it creates social value for autistic individuals by recognizing the distinct problems they encounter. A qualitative methodology was employed, utilizing data gathered from semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation. A thematic analysis was performed on data collected from six social enterprises in the Klang Valley that predominantly assist autistic individuals. Findings reveal several key themes, such as high unemployment rates among autistic individuals, pathways to inclusion and empowerment, the existence of support systems, and structural challenges within the social entrepreneurship ec.....

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