Chemical compositions of V. negundo and V. trifolia essential oils and their anatomical study were determined. The GC-FID and GC_MS analysis of essential oils resulted in the identification of 14 and 18 components were identified from the leaf oils of V. negundo (92.8%) and V. trifolia (91.5%), respectively. The results revealed that the essential oils are made up principally of _-elemene (43.1%), spathulenol (9.8%) for V. negundo, while viridiflorol (42.3%) and _-caryophyllene (21.7%) for V. trifolia. Meanwhile, for anatomical part, the oil gland has been found in the lamina, midrib and petiole of all essential oils. Keywords: Verbenaceae, Vitex negundo, Vitec trifolia, essential oil, _-elemene, viridiflorol, anatomy..

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Penyelidikan ini bertujuan mengkaji kesan Modul Kelompok Bimbingan Teori Pilihan Terapi Realiti (MKBTPTR) terhadap dua aspek kerjaya murid iaitu penerokaan kerjaya dan membuat keputusan kerjaya dalam kalangan murid tingkatan emapat di dua buah sekolah menengah harian di Hulu Terengganu, Terengganu. Penyelidikan secara kuantitatif menggunakan kaedah reka bentuk kuasi eksperimen melibatkan 120 murid berumur 16 tahun yang dipilih secara rawak berdasarkan pembahagian kepada tiga kumpulan: Kelompok Bimbingan Kecil (KBK) (R1a, R1b, R1c; n=30), Kelompok Bimbingan Besar (KBB) (R2; n=30), dan Kelompok Kawalan (KK) (K1; n=60). Intervensi dijalankan secara mingguan selama 10 minggu melibatkan 8 sesi dan 12 aktiviti. Dua set instrumen telah digunakan untuk mengukur penerokaan kerjaya iaitu Soalselidik Penerokaan Kerjaya (CESR) dan membuat keputusan kerjaya iaitu Soalselidik Kesukaran Membuat Keputusan Kerjaya (CDDQR). Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 22.0 terhadap data praujian dan pascaujia.....

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The consumption of meat has long been associated with various health and environmental concerns, prompting the exploration of alternative protein sources. The study aimed to formulate a plant-based ball using the heart of the coconut palm (ubod) as an alternative to meat. A quantitative research method and quasi-experimental research design were used in this study. The research environment was one of the state universities in Cebu City, Philippines with 38 respondents. The Sensory Evaluation Form and Hedonic Rating Scale were used as an instrument for data gathering. Among the four treatments, treatment 3 was chosen to undergo microbial analysis with the best measurement of 70% ubod and 30% flour. Thus, the results of the microbial analysis of the product were within the safe limit and safe for consumption. Four treatments of ubod ball were prepared and the results showed that the treatment 2 and treatment 3 ubod balls are acceptable and do not have significant differences in terms of .....

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Graphene has attracted the attention of researchers as it shows exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties that are beneficial for various applications, including flexible sensors and supercapacitors. Therefore, much laboratory work was conducted to study further potential application of graphene. However, complex procedures and waste consideration are other challenges for developing graphene-based-application devices. Therefore, using a density functional theory (DFT) to intensively study graphene and its potential to be combined with various materials, resulting in a lower-cost and more efficient approach. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental theory in DFT, followed by graphene and its hybrids in computational work. Hybridizing graphene with other nanomaterials significantly modifies its bandgap and density of state, which are potential for sensing and electronic devices. Moreover, an in-depth analysis of open-source and commercial software.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemahiran menulis karangan perbahasan Bahasa Tamil kalangan pelajar Tingkatan 3 melalui penggunaan teknik ToHuCoKeP. Seramai 30 murid dari sebuah sekolah daerah Johor Bahru dipilih sebagai responden melalui kaedah persampelan rawak. Daripada laporan analisis item soalan pertengahan tahun membuktikan kebanyakan pelajar di sekolah tersebut mempunyai masalah penulisan karangan perbahsan. Kajian menggunakan reka bentuk kualitatif dengan instrumen ujian pra, ujian pasca, temu bual, dan analisis dokumen. Data dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif (peratusan) dan tematik. Dapatan menunjukkan peningkatan ketara selepas enam kelas intervensi, dengan semua murid menunjukkan penguasaan yang kepujian dalam mengolah isi, 82% dalam pengurusan struktur karangan, dan semua muridmempunyai peningkatan dari segi keseluruhan markah. Enam belas murid mendapat tahap penguasan cemerlang iaitu antara 33 hingga 40 markah selepas penggunaan teknik ToHuCoKeP dalam karanga.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara amalan organisasi pembelajaran dan keberkesanan latihan dalam kalangan penguat kuasa Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan (PBT) di Selangor. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah soal selidik digunakan untuk menganalisis data daripada 344 responden yang dipilih secara rawak berstrata berdasarkan kategori penarafan PBT. Instrumen soal selidik diadaptasi daripada soal selidik Dimensi Pembelajaran Organisasi dan Model Penilaian Latihan Kirkpatrick_s untuk mengukur pemboleh ubah utama. Data dianalisis melalui statistik deskriptif dan inferens. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan tahap tinggi bagi kedua-dua pemboleh ubah iaitu amalan organisasi pembelajaran (M=4.237, SD=0.222) dan keberkesanan latihan (M=4.246, SD=0.311). Analisa ANOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi keberkesanan latihan yang dijalankan mengikut faktor umur penguatkuasa [F (3,344) = 12.133, p=0.000], kategori penarafan PBT [F (2,344) = 5.661, p=0.000], da.....

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This study examined the relationship between college students_ perceptions of artificial intelligence-supported personalized learning experiences and their learning motivation in the context of higher education in China. The purpose of the study was to explore how students_ evaluations of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, interactivity, and technical support are related to different types of learning motivation. A quantitative survey design was employed, and data were collected from 365 Chinese university students who had experience using artificial intelligence-related learning tools after data screening. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory internal consistency for all measurement scales with Cronbach alpha values ranging from 0.79 to 0.92. The findings indicated that students generally reported positive perceptions of artificial intelligence-supported personalized learning e.....

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The use of agricultural waste as reinforcement in metal matrix nanocomposites presents a promising avenue for sustainable materials development. The incorporation of agricultural waste materials in metal matrixes can enhance the mechanical properties and potentially reduce the environmental impact of composites. However, this approach also faces significant challenges, such as compatibility issues, interfacial bonding, dispersion, and processing techniques. This paper critically reviews the current state of research on agricultural waste-reinforced metal matrix nanocomposites, identifies key challenges, and proposes future perspectives to overcome these obstacles and unlock the full potential of these materials. Keywords: Agricultural waste, metal matrix composites, sustainability, interfacial bonding, dispersion, processing techniques...

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Fair and open compensation is a critical component of employees_ happiness and satisfaction. To provide competitive and equitable pay, an analysis of current compensation is necessary. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between possible factors and compensation among 368 workers who work in the mills and estates sector in Malaysia. This paper also aims to identify the differences in compensation between different job types and races. The result of the multiple linear regression model showed that only five factors (monthly working days, race, gender, worker type, and job type) were significantly associated with worker_s compensation. This paper also revealed that the monthly compensation for the four job types held by workers, which consist of general worker, harvester, mill worker, and rubber tapper in estates and mills, differed through the Kruskal-Wallis test. To conclude, the findings of this paper could support the strategic goals of the busin.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan platform pentaksiran gamifikasi Aero-P Escape bagi topik Respirasi Aerob dan menentukan kebolehgunaan platform ini dari perspektif pelajar Sistem Dua Semester (SDS) kursus Biologi Kolej Matrikulasi. Reka bentuk kajian ialah kajian pembangunan yang menggunakan pendekatan analisis kuantitatif. Platform pentaksiran gamifikasi Aero-P Escape dibangunkan berdasarkan integrasi Model ADDIE serta Lima Langkah Mengaplikasi Gamifikasi dalam Pembelajaran. Kesahan kandungan platform pentaksiran gamifikasi Aero-P Escape dinilai oleh enam orang pakar melalui borang penilaian kesahan kandungan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Content Validity Index (CVI). Bagi menilai kebolehgunaan platform pentaksiran gamifikasi Aero-P Escape dari perspektif pelajar, sampel kajian terdiri daripada 306 orang pelajar SDS dari Kolej Matrikulasi Zon Utara melalui teknik pensampelan rawak berkelompok berperingkat. Tahap persepsi kebolehgunaan platform ditentukan menggunak.....

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