This study examined relationships between ethnic identity, family environment, learning motivation, and academic performance among ethnic minority undergraduates in Guangxi Province, China. A cross-sectional survey involved 828 students from three colleges. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The instrument measured four latent constructs: (i) ethnic identity, using items adapted from established ethnic identity instruments; (ii) family environment, using items adapted from the Family Environment Scale; (iii) learning motivation, using items adapted from the Academic Motivation Scale; and (iv) academic performance, using self-reported indicators of grades, academic engagement, recognition, and academic-related experiences. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics in IBM SPSS (version 27), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in SmartPLS4. SEM results showed that ethnic identity (_ = 0.366, p = 0.000) and family env.....

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This paper extends the study of over-education in Malaysia by looking at the incidence and wage effects of over- and under-education across ethnic groups. Using the second Malaysia Productivity Investment Climate Survey (PICS-2), around 18% and 28% of workers employed in jobs for which they are overeducated and undereducated, respectively. By ethnic group, around 19% of Malays were overeducated with the corresponding figure of 15% each for the Chinese and The Indians. By contrast, around one-third of Chinese and Indian were undereducated as compared to 26% for the Malay. With respect to earnings outcomes, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) models showed that being over educated resulted in a greater earnings loss, around 9 to 11% irrespective of gender. However, being undereducated increases the individuals_ wage premium by around 9 to 12%. Close examination by ethnic groups revealed that the penalty is greater for the Indians (15%) and followed up by the Malays (10%) and Chinese (5%).Neverth.....

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This study aims to examine the causal relationship between the variables education level, income, unemployment, and poverty in the District of Sumenep. Data that isused in this study is a time series data from the period 2003-2012. Methods used to view the data stationary using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) method and testing the causal relationship between variables using Granger Causality Test. Based on the results of the data analysis it can be concluded that relationship between education level and poverty are not mutually independence or influence; the relationship between poverty and unemployment is not independence or influence each other; the relationship between unemployment and income is interdependence or mutual influence; the relationship between income and education level is interdependence or mutual influence; the relationship between education level and unemployment are not mutually independence or influence; the relationship between income and p.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka pengaplikasian kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan Palamoly Bahasa Tamil di peringkat sekolah rendah. Palamoly yang bersifat kiasan dan sarat dengan nilai budaya sering menimbulkan kesukaran kepada murid untuk memahami makna tersirat secara mendalam. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kualitatif melalui temu bual mendalam bersama enam orang guru Bahasa Tamil bagi mengenal pasti cabaran pengajaran, tahap penglibatan murid serta keberkesanan penggunaan AI dalam PdP. Data dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik bagi menafsir pengalaman guru dan makna tersirat berkaitan penggunaan AI dalam pedagogi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa AI membantu meningkatkan kefahaman kontekstual, keyakinan murid serta keupayaan mentafsir Palamoly secara bermakna melalui visualisasi, interaksi dan sokongan pembelajaran yang bersesuaian. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian ini turu t mengenal pasti kekangan dari segi kesediaan guru, masa dan sokongan p.....

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Aluminum alloy AlSi12CuFe (AA332.0) is use as matrix material and Mg2Si (_ 10 _ 15 _m) as reinforcement will study. Composites containing of 15wt. % and reinforcement develop by stirring casting route. The ingot alloy melts in a graphite crucible in an electric furnace at 750_C _ 5_C. This molten stir for 45 minutes and the Mg2Si particles will add inside the vortex during stirring. After completion of the particle feeding, the molten will re-melt in the same temperature for another 15 minutes. The molten finely pours into the metal mould and allowed to solidify at room temperature. Full heat treatments will provide for the samples; solution treatment consist of heating in an electrical furnace at 500_C (_1_C) for 5 hours and then quenching in water at room temperature. The aging treatment shall be done at 170_C for 2 hours. Hardness analysis conducts by following the ASTM E384 _ 09 using a Vickers hardness tester. The wear tests conduct using a pin on disc sliding wear testing machine.....

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Kajian  ini  bertujuan  membangunkan  dan  menilai  kebolehgunaan  Modul  Psikopendidikan CBT Hibrid bagi menangani tekanan serta meningkatkan daya tahan  dan kesejahteraan diri dalam kalangan guru pelatih di Institut Pendidikan Guru (IPG).  Reka  bentuk  kajian  ini  menggunakan  pendekatan  Reka  Bentuk  dan  Pembangunan  (DDR)  yang  dilaksanakan  dalam  tiga  fasa  berasaskan  model ADDIE. Fasa  pertama  melibatkan  analisis  keperluan  menggunakan  soal  selidik  terhadap  407  orang  guru  pelatih  yang  dipilih  melalui  pensampelan  berkelompok  bagi  mengenal  pasti  tahap  tekanan,  daya  tahan  dan  kesejahteraan  diri.  Selain  itu,  fasa  ini  turut  melibatkan  46  orang  kaunselor  IPG  melalui  soal  selidik  bagi  meninjau  keperluan  pembangunan  modul.  Fasa  kedua  melibatkan  reka  bentuk  dan  pembangunan  modul  menggunakan  kaedah  Fuzzy Delphi Method  (FDM)  dengan  .....

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This study investigates the sensitivity of managerial ownership on company performance of public listed companies in Malaysia. Three years panel data of 730 Malaysian public listed companies were examined. The results showed that that the managerial ownership affected the firm performance at different levels of ownership. The low and moderate level of managerial ownership showed a positive and significant with ROA, ROE, Tobin_s Q and share price. This is due to the low and moderate level of ownership, the managers having aligned their interests with those of the shareholders. However, the concentrated managerial ownership had negative and significant relationship with all performance indicators. Therefore, the involvement of management in monitoring and controlling activities fail to reduce agency conflict in the emerging economy. This study is perhaps the first that explain the different level of managerial ownership in relation to company performance utilizing extended agency theory .....

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Since performance of lecturers is the key contributor of academic excellence, universities need to empower its human capital to be competitive and subsequently achieve world-class status. Unfortunately, effort to conduct research on measuring the performance of higher education institutions has a major setback compared to other industries due to its complex nature and difficulty in measuring its outputs. Furthermore, review of literature indicate that research conducted in education environment mainly focus on organizational performance rather than work performance. This study fills the gap by providing a research framework focusing on Theory of Work Performance. The interaction between performance measurement system and competency on lecturers works_ performance at the individual level was investigated through analysis on data gathered from 368 academics staff from five Malaysian research university. Finding shows 1) performance measurement system (PMS) has significant relationship wi.....

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This study investigated the relationship between Dark Triad traits, antisocial behavior awareness, and sports performance among Pakistani athletes. It examined whether demographic factors (gender, age, and type of sport) influenced these traits, and whether antisocial behavior awareness mediated the association between Dark Triad traits and sports performance. A cross-sectional research design was employed, involving 432 athletes aged 18_45 years recruited from universities, sports clubs, and national teams in Punjab, Pakistan. Standardized instruments were used: the Short Dark Triad Scale (SD3), the Athletes_ Subjective Performance Scale (ASPS), and the newly developed Antisocial Behavior Awareness Scale (ABAS). Data were analyzed using Three-Way ANOVA to compare differences across demographic groups, whereas Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test direct and mediating effects. Findings revealed significant gender differences in Dark Triad traits and antisocial behavior awareness, .....

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The aim of this research is to examine the heterogeneity of corporate governance mechanisms (i.e., ownership concentration, board independence and CEO duality) across technology-based and mature industries. Our research extends existing corporate governance literature by conceptualizing that the effectiveness of corporate governance mechanisms is contingent upon industry settings. Specifically, the performance of technology-based firms depends on management capacity to respond to rapid market and technological changes. In mature industries, on the contrary, firms generally face a relatively stable business environment and producing standardized products. We employed multi-group analysis in the Partial Least Squares (PLS) path modeling to analyze the heterogeneous effects of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance. Multi-group analysis in PLS path modeling is more powerful than linear regression because the former can detect multigroup difference-effect and handle violation .....

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