Ligan-ligan terbitan-terbitan berfluorin 1-fenil-3-metil-4-benzoil-5-pirazolona (HPMBP), 1-fenil-3-metil-4-(2-fluorobenzoil)-5-pirazolona(HPMoFBP),1-fenil-3-metil-4-(3- fluorobenzoil)-5-pirazolona(HPMmFBP) dan1 -fenil-3-metil-4-(4-fluorobenzoil)-5- pirazolona (HPMpFBP) telah disediakan bagi tujuan mengkaji kestabilan komplekskompleks La(III), Pr(III), Eu(III), Ga(III), Er(III) dan Lu(III). Didapati pemalar kestabilan untuk semua kompleks adalah mengikut turutan: La(III) < Pr(III) < Gd(III) < Eu (III) < Lu(III) < Er(III). Dapatan ini sepadan dengan pemecahan orbital f apabila komplekskompleks ini terbentuk. Kata kunci Pemalar kestabilan kompleks-kompleks lantanida, terbitan berfluorin 5-pirazolona...

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The purpose of this descriptive study was to evaluate the intellectual level of application in observing and sketching skills in laboratory practical class of Biology and Agricultural Science first year student teachers at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. It was conducted to find means to improve the learning of plant anatomy by determining observing and sketching skills. A total of 40 student teachers were given monocotyledon (Zea mays) and dicotyledon (Helianthus sp.) leaf cross-section slides, which were then observed under the microscope and the images, were sketched. These skills were evaluated using two performance indicator scales data sheet modified from performance indicator scales modified from the Pentaksiran Kerja Amali Biologi SPM (PEKA) and were analysed using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The result of the research showed that the level of application for observing skill was moderately high (mean = 2.08, SD = 0.7), while the level of application for sketching skill was moder.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti alergen utama kepada masalah kesensitifan alergi dalam kalangan Penduduk Bandar (PB) dan Penduduk Orang Asli (POA) di Tanjong Malim, Daerah Batang Padang, Perak. Seramai 323 orang penduduk bandar dan 141 orang penduduk orang asli telah ditemu bual untuk mendapatkan maklumat tentang sejarah kesensitifan mereka. Seterusnya ujian cucuk kulit telah dijalankan ke atas responden untuk mengenal pasti kesensitifan alergik mereka terhadap 45 jenis alergen. Kajian mendapati prevalens kesensitifan terhadap sekurang-kurangnya satu jenis alergen bagi PB mengatasi POA. Kesensitifan makanan didominasi oleh makanan laut (udang dan ketam) bagi kedua-dua PB dan POA. Kesensitifan inhalens yang tertinggi ialah terhadap tungau debu rumah diikuti lipas, bulu haiwan dan rumput. Reaksi kesensitifan PB kepada produk lebah lebih ketara berbanding POA. Kesensitifan inhalens seperti tungau debu rumah, lipas dan bulu haiwan dalam kalangan kanak-kanak orang asli lebih rend.....

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In this study, the in vitro tissue culture of the Sinningia speciosa callus was established at 25_1 _C with light intensity 1000 _mol m-2 sec-1 and 70-80% relative humidity with a 16/8h light/dark photoperiod. Additionally, gamma radiation of 10-60 Gy was applied and the effects of gamma rays on growth of Sinningia speciosa callus tissue were investigated. A 100% callus initiation was observed in petal explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with combinations of 0.5 mg L-1 NAA and 2.0 mg L-1 BAP resulted in 100% callus induction after being cultured for 4 weeks. This medium was considered optimal medium for callus induction because it can produce normal growing healthy callus. Callus growth was based on callus weight and changing textures and colour of callus; determined following exposure of the calli to different doses of gamma rays. Results obtained indicated that callus growth was reduced when the dose of radiation was increased. It was found that increasing doses of gamma radi.....

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Artikel ini memperihalkan satu kajian untuk membangunkan perisian multimedia bagi kegunaan kanak-kanak disleksia. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa kanak-kanak yang menghidap disleksia bukan sahaja mempunyai masalah dalam bacaan, tulisan dan ejaan, tetapi juga matematik. Disebabkan masalah-masalah tersebut, kanak-kanak ini mempunyai motivasi yang rendah terhadap pembelajaran. Perisian kursus multimedia berkeupayaan untuk memotivasikan kanak-kanak disleksia, kerana multimedia mempunyai teknologi yang dapat menambat pelbagai modaliti deria kanak-kanak. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji dua aspek utama. Pertama, pembangunan perisian kursus multimedia (D-Matematika) yang mempunyai ciri-ciri yang dapat memotivasikan literasi matematik dalam kalangan kanak-kanak yang mengidap disleksia. Yang kedua ialah melakukan satu kajian kes menilai keberkesanan penggunaan perisian D-Matematika tersebut berbanding dengan kaedah konvensional. Pembangunan D-Matematika berasaskan model Kitar Hayat Holistik Disleksia (K.....

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Rats_ activity level was monitored for 57 days continuously using a monochrome video camera with wide angle lens sensitive to infra red light. A time-lapse video cassette recorder was connected to the video camera and set at a recording resolution of 2 frames per second. Video monitoring of a single trap system provided evidence that rats are active during both day and night. Early dusk and midnight was the peak of diel activity. A comparison of the rate activity based on number of rat sightings per hour, showed there was no significant difference among time periods (ANOVA, F3,164 = 2.20, p = 0.09). The level of activity was relatively low in this study with an average of 5 sightings per day. Their direction of movement was not consistent and trapping appeared not to change rat behaviour. Keywords Rat_s activity, video surveillance, movement direction, trap..

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The Cobb-Douglas production function (Cobb and Douglas, 1928) is still today the most ubiquitous form in theoretical and empirical analyses of growth and productivity. The estimation of the parameters of aggregate production functions is central to much of today_s work on growth, technological change, productivity, and labour. Empirical estimates of aggregate production functions are a tool of analysis essential in macroeconomics, and important theoretical constructs, such as potential output, technical change, or the demand for labour, are based on them. It is usually fitted by first linearizing the models through logarithmic transformation and then applying method of least squares (Prajneshu, 2008), but the ordinary least squares (OLS) is not the best estimation method (Kahane , 2001). In statistics and econometrics, more and more attention is paid to techniques that can deal with data containing atypical observations, which can arise from outliers, miscoding, or heterogeneity and no.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk membangunkan sebuah koswer glosari istilah-istilah Biologi berasaskan Huraian Sukatan KBSM untuk pembelajaran Biologi. Koswer ini digunakan dengan penekanan terhadap penerokaan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran kendiri dan dibina dengan berkonsepkan interaktif. Reka bentuk kajian ini telah merujuk dan menggunakan Model ADDIE. Koswer glosari istilah-istilah Biologi ini telah dibina menggunakan koswer Macromedia Flash Version 8, Adobe Photoshop CS2, dan Sound Forge Version 7 untuk membina elemen-elemen multimedia. Penilaian dijalankan ke atas sampel kajian yang terdiri daripada 20 orang pelajar tingkatan 4 yang dipilih secara rawak dan 2 orang guru Biologi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah set soal selidik dan sesi temu bual. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan secara keseluruhan kesemua pelajar memberi pandangan positif dengan tahap interpretasi sangat baik bagi reka bentuk informasi (min = 4.06), tahap baik bagi reka bentuk persembahan maklumat (min= 3.35) d.....

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Learning Attitudes about Physics (LAAP) inventory is an instrument designed to measure students_ beliefs about physics and learning physics. This instrument was psychometrically adapted from the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey or CLASS (Adams et al., 2006), resulting in three clusters or factors of empirically determined groupings of statements that are grounded on 132 Malaysian university physics students_ responses. The first factor, consisting of 10 items, reflects students_ attitude towards an interest in metacognition as evidenced in their affinity in thinking, problem solving, relating, and establishing relationships amongst variables. The second 3-item factor reflects students_ attitude towards learning physics, a composite view of what constitute the knowledge in physics, what step to take when the outcome in solving a problem is not as expected, and understanding physics formulas. Finally, a group of 3 items that forms the third factor reflects students_ attit.....

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Artikel ini membincangkan model pengeluaran optimum cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) melalui fungsi pengeluaran Cobb Douglas dalam penghasilan bioetanol. Bagi membentuk dan menilai model optimum cassava dalam penghasilan bioetanol, beberapa pembolehubah utama telah berjaya dikenalpasti. Pembolehubah ini termasuklah ruang tanaman, baja dan buruh. Pemilihan model optimum adalah berdasarkan penelitian beberapa rangkaian model pengeluaran. Penggunaan praktikal fungsi pengeluaran memerlukan beberapa andaian, terutamanya bentuk fungsi teknologi pengeluaran, imbalan ikut skala, sifat-sifat hambatan teknologi dan fungsi pasaran. Berdasarkan pertimbangan yang dinyatakan, model optimum cassava berdasarkan kaedah calibration melalui fungsi pengeluaran Cobb Douglas dibangunkan bagi menganggar parameter pengeluaran bioetanol daripada cassava. Kata kunci Model pengeluaran optimum cassava, fungsi pengeluaran Cobb Douglas dan kaedah Calibration..

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