Prestasi otot bukan sahaja dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan, kuasa, kadar pembentukan daya yang dikenakan dan daya tahan otot. Walaupun kelemahan otot telah dikenalpasti sebagai satu kekurangan bagi kanak-dan remaja yang mengalami Cerebral Palsy (CP), aspek lain terhadap presetasi otot tidak diberi perhatian. Aktiviti atau latihan yang berterusan dikatakan akan mempengaruhi sistem neuromuskular dan memberi kesan kepada terhadap elemen-elemen tersebut. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini cuba mengkaji kesan latihan judo melalui teknik kata-Gateme dan Kesa Gateme terhadap kekuatan atas badan (upper limb) seorang individu yang mengalami Diaplegic Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Individu tersebut telah diklasifikasi mempunyai masalah Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level III oleh doctor dan mengalami masalah ini sejak dilahirkan. Subjek akan menjalani Latihan teknik baringan bawah atau dikenali Osekomi-waza yang melibatkan dua teknik asas iaitu teknik kesa-gateme (kuncian pinggang) dan teknik k.....

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Historically, Arabic writing was used to spread Islam in Malaysia. Nowadays, Arabic writing has become a part of Malaysia’s national curriculum under Islamic studies subject. Previous studies have shown that many students in school are still having difficulties to master Arabic learning, especially in writing. These scenarios were claimed to be caused by poor teaching skills and also the lack of proper assessment to assess and evaluate Arabic handwriting performance. Hence, there is an urge to find a trustworthy instrument to assess Arabic handwriting, especially among children in early childhood education. Therefore, this study aimed to test the face validity of a newly developed questionnaire for Arabic writing assessment. Face validity assessment was chosen to get the first layer of experts’ review and evaluation on the items constructed in the assessment instrument. A questionnaire using 5-point Likert scale was distributed to 28 experts in Arabic handwriting at different level.....

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This study was to examine the reliability of the questionnaire on the level of anxiety of trainee teachers during teaching training courses and implementing face-to-face and blended Teaching and Learning (PdP) sessions during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study sample involved 10 respondents consisting of students of Bachelor of Science with Education (Sports Science). The instrument was modified from the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). This instrument has also been validated by two experts. The collected data will be analyzed using Cronbach's Alpha reliability tests. The results of the study found that the item reliability value for face-to-face teaching type respondents was 0.96 while the item for blended learning type respondents was 0.93. Based on the Cronbach's Alpha value, it is good and shows that each item has a high reliability value. Therefore, this modified questionnaire instrument is suitable and can be used to study the level of anxiety of trainee teachers during teaching train.....

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Pukulan penentuan penalti (penalty shoot-out) ialah antara kaedah yang digunakan dalam sukan hoki padang untuk menentukan pasukan yang layak ke perlawanan peringkat seterusnya atau memenangi perlawanan berikutan permainan yang terikat dengan keputusan seri. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kekerapan kemahiran dan taktikal yang digunakan pemain semasa melakukan pukulan penentuan penalti. Enam (N=6) orang wakil pemain muda hoki MSSM berposisi penyerang telah melakukan pukulan penentuan penalti sebanyak lima kali percubaan. Tiga puluh rakaman video telah dianalisis menggunakan perisian kinovea. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan turutan kekerapan kemahiran yang sering digunakan oleh pemain adalah seperti berikut; Indian Dribble; 1. High reverse pull (IDHR), 2. Forehand pull (IDFP), 3. Turning right-left (IDTR-L), 4. Lifting right (IDLR), 5. Spinning rightleft (IDSR-L); Dummy;1. Dummy forehand pull (DFP), 2. Dummy high reverse pull (DHR), 3. Dummy long grip (DLG) dan Dummy slapping (DSL), 4. Du.....

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Recently, the practices of a healthy lifestyle among adolescents have been decreased and may increase the risk of obesity and other non-communicable diseases. Adolescence is considered a crucial stage in human life that needs the utmost attention from parents and teachers. Therefore, observing the healthy lifestyle prevalence, trends and behavior are significant to support any healthy lifestyle interventions among this population. The intervention to increase a healthy lifestyle should be planned based on valid and reliable data. Although there are a few instruments to measure the level of a healthy lifestyle, they might not be suitable for the target population due to differences in terms of education, culture, environment, and others. This study aims to adapt and translate the instrument to measure healthy lifestyle practices among adolescents in Terengganu. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach’s alpha. T.....

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The Handball Cognitive Assessment instrument for the Year 4 Physical Education (PE) subject is developed with the aim to assess the capabilities of the cognitive domain for the category of handball attack-play in regard to knowledge and understanding. In ensuring the instrument developed is dependable and suitable for use, this study was conducted to analyze and investigate empirical evidence on the validity and reliability of the instrument by using the Rasch analysis model. The Handball Cognitive Assessment instrument consists of twenty-five items that have been piloted by 51 Year 5 primary school students. The WINSTEPS programme was utilized to conduct the Rasch model analysis to obtain the validity and reliability of the instrument. The test of unidimensionality for the twenty-five items has a measured variance of 25.4% and all items exceeded the minimum of 20.0% as required by the Rasch model. The reliability index of the items is 0.83 and the reliability index of the respondents .....

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Growing awareness is the essential role for mental health plays in development goals on overcoming mental health problems. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) surveys are used to define criteria, challenges, and obstacles for enhancing quality and accessibility. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of UiTM students towards mental health. There are 364 respondents among UiTM Perlis students from 7 faculties agreed to volunteer answering questionnaire by using Google Form to participate in this study. KAP survey questions adopted from (World Health Organization, 2008) was used. Descriptive analysis such as frequency and percentage were used to identify the highest answer for each section of KAP and Pearson Correlation to correlate between knowledge, attitude, and practice towards mental health. The scoring of the KAP survey by UiTM students for knowledge is 52.1% (fair), attitude is 37.4% (poor) and practice is 34.6% (poor). Bas.....

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This study aimed to gain an understanding of the role of religious faith in dealing with sport-related anxiety among elite athletes. Seventeen elite athletes (10 males, 7 females, age range: 19 to 26 years old) with various sporting backgrounds voluntarily participated in the interviews. There were four religious affiliations involved in this study: Islam, Buddhism, Christianity, and Hinduism. Using a reflexive thematic analysis, two themes are developed: religious coping strategies (i.e., praying, God as the best helper, active submission to God’s will, stressors as God’s benevolence, religious social support, and religious items) and religious psychological effects (i.e., calmness, a sense of relief, self-confidence, motivation, positive thinking, a sense of security, and patience). The findings show that religious faith can play an important role in dealing with sporting anxiety by improving coping abilities and enhancing positive psychological effects among religious athletes...

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This study aims to investigate athletes’ anxiety experience in team and individual sports during training and competitions. A total of 219 youth athletes (Individual, n = 112, Team, n = 107), (Male, n = 110, Female, n = 109) in various types of sports who represented in ‘Sukan Malaysia’ (SUKMA) competition had completed the questionnaires in assessing athletes’ anxiety experience. CSAI-2 scale (score range 1 - 4) were used in the study consists of three components, which are somatic anxiety (α = .74), cognitive anxiety (α = .77), and self-confidence (α = .86). Results revealed that there is a significant correlation (weak to a strong, negative and positive correlation) between all the variables of anxiety (somatic, cognitive and self-confidence). The t-test showed no significant difference among all the variables of anxiety between the team and individual sports. In addition, the result indicated there is no significant difference among the variables of anxiety between gende.....

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Coaches play an important role in developing athletes in terms of skills, techniques and performance. Coaches differ in the way they lead and train the athletes, and yet there is a lack of study in Malaysia which investigates the significance of these coach characteristics on the mental health of athletes. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of coach’s perceived leadership style and behavior on the level of young athletes’ aggression and well-being. This cross-sectional study targeted young athletes aged between 14-35 years old. Apart from demographic information, the following questionnaires were used: Leadership Scale for Sports, Aggression Scale, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. A total of 150 participants responded to the pen-and-paper survey (75 children and 75 adults). Two multiple regression models were fitted. The results showed that aggression was significantly predicted by well-being (β=-0.194, p=0.016) and.....

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