This study was aimed to discover the deities in Malaysian Tamil folk songs, to analyse the animism in deities cult and to evaluate the impacts of animism among Tamils Labourers. Qualitative approaches with descriptive and explanatory designs were used in this study. A total of 117 Malaysian Tamil folk songs that met the research objectives were analysed. Animism theory and thematic analysis were used to collect information from the folk songs. Data were analysed using narrative and discourse analysis. Narrative analysis describes the content of the folk songs while discourse analysis explains the usage of terms and words used in the folk songs that can be related to the deities and animism. Code manual were used as research instrument. The findings showed that eight types of deities such as Main male deities, Main female deities, Tutelary male deities, Tutelary female deities, Devas, Nature Deities, Festivals and Places were worshipped by the Tamil labourers. Four elements .....

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The purpose of this study was to identify existing drug prevention education programs in schools, evaluate the effectiveness of drug prevention education programs in schools, and build a drug-free school framework. There are two research methods used to obtain data in this study. The first research design used mixed methods involving qualitative and quantitative data collection. The second design is a design and development research method that has three main phases including the needs analysis phase, the design and development phase, and the evaluation phase. The respondents selected in identifying and evaluating this drug prevention education program are a total of 190 school students, 40 drug prevention education teachers, school counselors, and school administrators, while 10 counseling experts and practitioners have been involved in building the drug-free school framework. The data shows that the most activities carried out in schools are drug education in the integrate.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami tingkah laku pengundi pada pilihan raya pemimpin daerah (PILKADA) Sumbawa 2020. Secara spesifik, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap pendedahan media, tahap identifikasi calon dan tahap tingkah laku pengundi. Selain itu, kajian ini juga dilaksanakan bagi melihat pengaruh pendedahan media dan identifikasi calon terhadap tingkah laku mengundi masyarakat Sumbawa pada PILKADA 2020. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan reka bentuk tinjauan telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Responden kajian terdiri daripada 400 orang pengundi yang dipilih menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak berperingkat. Pengumpulan data kajian menggunakan borang soal selidik. Kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensi. Analisis deskriptif dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti tahap pendedahan media, tahap identifikasi calon dan tahap tingkah laku pengundi. Manakala analisis inferensi regresi dijalankan untuk menguji hipotesis kajian iaitu mener.....

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Over decades, there are numerous training programs with the intervention of adventure-based programs have been implemented. The nature of adventure-based programs is also often associated with the development of psychological aspects including mental toughness. However, the fact is the term of mental toughness is more focused in the perspective of sports. Since it was first introduced in the 80's, various models and measuring instruments have been developed and are clearly more focused on the sports perspective. The issues arises when the sport-based mental toughness model is applied in adventure-based programs. Work on this matter, Adventure-based Mental Toughness Model (AbMTM) was developed with the application of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). SEM was well known in development studies because of the effectiveness of its statistical analysis to determine the value or validity of the measured focus. It turned out to be very influential and applied in various fields of study. A to.....

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Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti tahap penggunaan media sosial sebagai medium pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam, jenis aplikasi media sosial yang paling diminati, dan cabaran penggunaannya. Pendekatan kuantitatif melalui reka bentuk kajian tinjauan telah dipilih untuk melaksanakan kajian ini. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik yang dibina hasil adaptasi dan melalui proses kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan. Seterusnya, pengkaji telah mengedar borang soal selidik kepada 346 orang murid menengah atas yang beragama Islam di Daerah Kinta Utara dengan menggunakan kaedah pensampelan kelompok. Data dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Hasil analisis deskriptif ditunjukkan dalam bentuk frekuensi, peratusan, mod, min, dan sisihan piawai. Manakala analisis inferensi diperolehi melalui Ujian-t dan Ujian korelasi Pearson. Hasil kajian melalui analisis deskriptif mendapati bahawa tahap penggunaan media sosial da.....

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Background: Despite the increasing number of research claiming that resistance training (RT) has an influence on insulin sensitivity, there is still lack of systematic review conducted to determine the degree of evidence. Objective: Therefore, the primary objective of this review was to study the effect of resistance training on insulin sensitivity by examining the available literatures. Methods: A search of all published studies that examined the effect of resistance training on insulin sensitivity were examined using PubMed and Science Direct databases. Specifically, the keywords used were ‘resistance training, strength training, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance’. During the retrieval process, all articles were rigorously reviewed with exclusion on those that did not fulfill the criteria. Result: Initially, 650 articles were screened and checked for duplication, and 252 articles were retained. The 252 articles were then thoroughly examined through full-text reading. As a r.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan bagi menentukan kesan program Pendidikan Luar terhadap sikap alam sekitar dalam kalangan murid-murid sekolah menengah daerah Sabak Bernam. Kajian ini merupakan kajian berbentuk kuantitatif yang menggunakan rekabentuk kuasi-eksperimental pra dan pasca ujian. Populasi kajian adalah terdiri daripada pelajar-pelajar daripada 17 buah sekolah menengah daerah Sabak Bernam. Seramai 160 pelajar dipilih secara rawak sistematik dan dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan iaitu kumpulan rawatan seramai 80 pelajar mengikuti program Perkhemahan Pendidikan Luar Model UPSI (PPLU) dan kumpulan kawalan seramai 80 pelajar mengikuti program Perkhemahan Perdana Unit Beruniform (PPUB). Instrumen utama kajian ini adalah soal selidik Enviromental Attitudes Knowledge & Scale (EAKS) yang mempunyai 36 item soalan sikap terhadap alam sekitar. Dapatan kajian yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan beberapa analisis kajian iaitu peratusan, ujian t tidak bersandar dan ujian t berpasangan. Analisis.....

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Despite its reputation and global acceptance, MOOC is confronted with some points of criticism regarding the shortcomings of its content, such as scarcity of clarity, unstructured, poor design, and issue of student retention. This study aims to understand the readiness for Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in sports-related studies in Malaysia as sports education is distinctive and is essential to enhance the sustainability of national health development, apart from being the heart of the sports industry. The Scopus database has been chosen as a primary data source, and VOSViewer software has been employed for the bibliometric analysis method to quantitatively and visually evaluate the data. A decade of data from 2011 to 2021 has been analysed. The distribution of authorship, countries' co-authorship and keywords were generated in the form of a network map. Results show that the publications related to MOOC and online learning has increased 100 percent over the last ten years compared .....

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This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of volleyball skills instrument. The study was conducted on a team from Serambi Mekkah University in Acheh. A total 40 male students aged between 18 -25 years old were involved in this study and has been categorized into two group of expert (n=20) and novice (n=20) athlete. Statistical analysis independent sample T-test was used for data analysis to compared movement and outcome score between expert and novice athlete on serve, dig, set, block, and spike skill. Result of the study found that, expert athlete were significantly (p..

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Kajian eksperimen ini bertujuan mengkaji Kesan Bimbingan Kelompok Teori Pilihan Terapi Realiti (BKTPTR) terhadap tiga aspek psikologi murid iaitu Kepuasan dan Kekecewaan Keperluan Psikologi Asas (KKKAP), Ketakutan Menghadapi Kegagalan (KMK) dan Kecerdasan Menghadapi Cabaran (KMC). Keberkesanan intervensi BKTPTR diukur daripada aspek pengurangan kekecewaan keperluan psikologi asas, peningkatan kepuasan keperluan psikologi asas, ketakutan menghadapi kegagalan dan kecerdasan menghadapi cabaran bagi kumpulan rawatan. Reka bentuk kajian menggunakan kuasi eksperimen praujian dan pascaujian. Kajian dijalankan terhadap murid tingkatan dua dan empat sebuah sekolah di daerah Kuantan. Soal selidik yang digunakan mengandungi maklumat peribadi dan tiga soal selidik kajian iaitu Skala Kepuasan dan Kekecewaan Keperluan Psikologi Asas, Inventori Penilaian Kegagalan Prestasi dan Instrumen Kecerdasan Menghadapi Cabaran. Seramai 120 subjek dipilih memasuki dua kelompok iaitu kelompok kawalan dan dua kelo.....

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