Mallee Biomass is considered to be a second-generation renewable feedstock in Australia and will play an important role in bioenergy development in Australia. Its production is of large-scale, low cost, small carbon footprint and high energy efficiency. However, biomass as a direct fuel is widely dispersed, bulky, fibrous and of high moisture content and low energy density. High logistic cost, poor grindability and mismatch of fuel property with coal are some of the key issues that impede biomass utilisation for power generation. Therefore, innovations are in urgent need to improve biomass volumetric energy densification, grindability and good fuel matching if co-fired with coal. Biomass pyrolysis is a flexible and low-cost approach that can be deployed for this purpose. Via pyrolysis, the bulky biomass can be converted to biomass-derived high-energy-density fuels such as biochar and/or biooil. So far there has been a lack of fundamental understanding of mallee biomass pyrolysis and pr.....

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Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk meneroka perubahan dalam kurikulum Pendidikan Moral tahun 2000 dan pelaksanaannya pada tabun 2003 di sekolahsekolah menengah kebangsaan. Kajian ini juga mengkaji rnasalah-masalah yang dihadapi oleh guru dalam melaksanakan perubah an kurikulum. Perubahan dalam kurikulum Pendidikan Moral dianalisis berdasarkan fokus kurikulum, kandungan kurikulum yang disemak semula, pengajaran dan kaedah pembelajaran serta sistem pentaksiran. Kajian ini juga menganalisis perubahan kurikulum yang dilaksanakan mengikut model perubahan dan strategi yang digunakan dalam menyebarkan kurikulum ini. Data ini dikumpul melalui analisis dokumen dan temubual. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui kaedah temubual ini melibatkan tujuh guru Pendidikan Moral, enam ketua panitia Pendidikan Moral, seorang pegawai dari Jabatan Pelajaran Negeri Perak dan seorang pegawai dari Pusat Perkembangan Kurikulum. Guru-guru dan Ketua-ketua Panitia adalah dari sekolahsekolah di daerah Kinta.....

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The movement towards the computerisation of business activities (Wieder et al. 2006) among organisations has occurred as a result of the influences of globalisation and competitiveness. In an attempt to further understand this scenario, a large number of academic researchers have applied different theoretical lenses to an understanding of computerisation adoption (i.e., technology adoption). As a result, the topic of technology adoption has become a mature topic in the information systems research domain (Venkatesh 2006). Despite being a mature topic, the majority of researchers have focused predominantly on exploring technology adoption as a single action activity (i.e., a snapshot) (Aguirre-Urreta and Marakas 2012) without considering other actions that could occur during the adoption process (e.g., information search, evaluation and trial). Such a narrow discussion prevents a holistic understanding of the technology adoption process, especially for corporatewide system adoption wher.....

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Mobile Multihop Relay (MMR) network is an attractive and low-cost solution for expanding service coverage and enhancing throughput of the conventional single hop network. However, mobility of Mobile Station (MS) in MMR network might lead to performance degradation in terms of Quality of Service (QoS). Selecting an appropriate Relay Station (RS) that can support data transmission for high mobility MS to enhance QoS is one of the challenges in MMR network. The main goal of the work is to develop and enhance relay selection mechanisms that can assure continuous connectivity while ensuring QoS in MMR network. The first approach is to develop and enhance a relay selection for MS with continuous connectivity in non-transparent relay. In this approach, the standard network entry procedure is modified to allow continuous connectivity with reduced signalling messages whenever MS joins RS that is out of Multihop Relay Base Station (MRBS) coverage and the relay selection is based on Signal to Noi.....

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The study explores the issues of participation, and to an extent, learning in an open online community of independent game developers, GameSalad.com. GameSalad is a firm-hosted online support forum for a desktop application of the same name. It is geared to provide members and users with a platform for sharing of information pertaining to their game development, and a place to seek and provide help. It is a large community with over 114,000 registered members (as of March 2015), with an average of 106,000 monthly active unique users, and a high degree of activity such as the posting of tutorials and tips, sharing game development progress, and announcing the launch of a new game. However, the majority of the interactions on the forum are concerned with seeking and providing help. This study focuses on issues around community, participation, and learning within online networks and is underpinned by a concern for participatory and social experiential perspectives on learning. In order to.....

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This study focuses on Malay Muslim academic women in dual-career families in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia. I conducted semi-structured, in-depth face-to-face interviews with ten married academic women, five single female academics and three single male academics, while ten husbands of the married women were interviewed via email. The context in which modern Malay Muslim women operate is a complex one. On the one hand, Islam and the Malayadat (customary law), constructed as central to the ethnic identity of Malay Muslims, prescribe specific gendered expectations for women and men in both the private and public spheres. On the other hand, the state and global competition demand that women participate in the economy as well as in broader societal contexts. I explored how my respondents strategised in both employment and family life within the boundaries of their identity as Malay Muslim women. My study emphasised central aspects of Malaysian modernisation in relation to women, name.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kesan kaunseling kelompok berteraskan kepada Modul Terapi Tingkah Laku Kognitif terhadap kompetensi sosial pelajar secara keseluruhan serta subkonstruk kompetensi sosial pelajar (bekerjasama, persahabatan, berkomunikasi, berempati, keterbukaan dan keyakinan diri). Kompetensi sosial pelajar diukur secara tinjauan terhadap 83 subjek dengan menggunakan soal selidik Kompetensi Sosial dan seterusnya digunakan sebagai data pra ujian dalam kajian eksperimen. Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan modul kaunseling kelompok diukur berdasarkan penilaian pakar dan calon berpotensi sebagai pengguna. Kesan intervensi kaunseling kelompok ke atas kompetensi sosial dinilai daripada hasil kajian eksperimen yang dijalankan terhadap 60 subjek yang terdiri daripada 30 kelompok rawatan dan 30 kelompok kawalan dalam kalangan pelajar universiti jurusan Bimbingan dan Kaunseling. Subjek kelompok rawatan diberi 12 sesi kaunseling kelompok dalam masa enam minggu. Data kajian dianalisis .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh modul permainan tradisional terhadap domain pembelajaran, status konsep kendiri serta minat terhadap aktiviti fizikal. Kajian ini melibatkan seratus tiga puluh dua orang pelajar daripada dua buah sekolah rendah yang berumur sebelas tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah modul permainan tradisional, instrumen kaji selidik SDQ-1, CAPA dan instrumen penilaian modul permainan tradisional. Kajian menggunakan pra eksperimental - kajian kes sekali. Keputusan analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh modul permainan tradisional yang signifikan ke atas aspek kognitif, psikomotor dan afektif. Modul permainan tradisional mempunyai perkaitan yang signifikan dengan semua prediktor yang dinilai bagi aspek kognitif, psikomotor dan afektif. Keputusan analisis regresi berganda juga menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh aspek kognitif, psikomotor dan afektif yang signifikan ke atas konsep kendiri dan minat terhadap aktiviti fizikal. Kaji.....

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