Early disease detection in rubber plants (Hevea brasiliensis) is challenging, requiring expert knowledge and experience to confirm diseases, which is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, this study aims to develop a disease detection and prediction system using image processing techniques and artificial intelligence methods. Four types of diseases were identified: three leaf diseases (Oidium powdery mildew, Corynespora, and Collectotrichum) and one root disease (white root disease) with three stages (light, moderate, and severe). Samples were collected from rubber plantations in Tabalong, South Kalimantan, totaling 450 images. The dataset was modeled based on expert labeling. GLCM was used for texture extraction, with six selected features: contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity, entropy, and inverse difference moment. The utilization of ANFIS and RBFNN provides a powerful and flexible approach to plant disease detection. These methods learn from training data and adjust their par.....

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The Game-based Learning Analytics Platform (GBLAP) is an innovative solution to the challenges currently facing the education sector. Its main benefits include improving assessment accuracy and providing more personalized and engaging data-driven learning experiences. This study examines the effectiveness of GBLAP in enhancing the accuracy of creativity and logic assessments in 3-4 year-old children compared to traditional methods, evaluates its acceptability among teachers and parents, and assesses the effectiveness of machine learning models in classifying child development data based on game interactions. The platform integrates artificial intelligence to create a more personalized and optimized learning environment. The System Usability Scale (SUS) instrument was adopted and adapted to obtain feedback from 2 teachers, 10 parents, and 10 children from Manhajul Husna Early Childhood Education, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, and 2 teachers, 10 parents, and 10 children from TASKA PERMATA.....

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Li Y u, a playwright in the early Qing Dynasty, proposed the signific ant “structural theory” for the development of Chinese drama. This paper begins by discussing the concept of structural organization in his vernacular novel Twelve Towers , exploring how Li Y u, prior to putting forth the “structure comes first” theory, used the construction of “towers” as a narrative framework in the novel, to establish the spatial and thematic significance for the characters and activities within the story. Applying literature analysis of Twelve Towers as the research method, and supplement ing it with Li Y u’s structural theory from Random Thoughts and Essays and his expertise in incorporating garden art, the paper delves into the conceptualization and construction process of the “tower” in Li Y u's novels. Li Y u emphasized the novelty of buil ding a narrative like constructing a house, diverging from conventional themes of talent and honour. His narrative strategy n.....

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The main objective of this study is to examine the direct and indirect effects of parental influence, peer influence, financial awareness through spending behavior, and saving behavior on reaction to indebtedness, and future orientation among tertiary students in Peninsular Malaysia. The underlying theories used in this study were the Theory of Reasoned Action, Self-Awareness Theory, and Consumer Involvement Theory. The snowball sampling technique was used to collect data for this study. All the collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 16 and Smart PLS 3.0. This study utilized Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to examine the relationship between variables with a sample of 1,800. This study indicated that most respondents reported low financial knowledge but moderate financial awareness. Furthermore, the PLS-SEM bootstrapping results revealed a significant negative relationship between financial awa.....

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This research aimed to develop an entrance examination for Diploma in English (DIE) programme in accordance with the English language syllabus with the use of Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). In assessment, instruments must be pitched to the correct CEFR level which motivated the development of a new instrument. With the evidence showing lack of empirical evidence, this study developed two instruments with 30 multiple-choice items each that included reading comprehension, grammar and vocabulary based on CEFR to facilitate the selection of the candidates. An instrument development model based on Gregory and Cohen- Swerdlik_s models were adapted and used. Snowball sampling technique was utilised to recruit 11 CEFR experts whereby purposive sampling technique was used to select 157 samples who were among the first-year diploma students who fulfilled the requirements. Content Validity Index (CVI = .78) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR = .63) were calculated to quantify the exp.....

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of imagined communities, identities, and investment, as well as the linguistic behaviours among high and low proficiency ESL learners. The data of this qualitative study were collected through indepth interviews and written narratives from 12 high-proficiency undergraduate ESL learners and 10 low-proficiency undergraduate ESL learners, who were selected based on the learners_ Malaysian University English Test (MUET) result. The data were analysed through thematic analysis, to generate themes and patterns related to the participants_ imagined communities, identities, investment, and linguistic behaviours. The findings revealed that high-proficiency learners_ imagined communities, identities and investment are reflective of their professional aspirations and career success, global communication, travel, and cultural adaptation, educational influence and inspiration, as well as their social and peer influence. In contrast, lo.....

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Author Ling Mengchu wrote the Slapping Table in Amazement-First Series and Slapping Table in Amazement-Second Series (The following collectively referred to as Er Pai). The “business-related chapters” have as many as 31 business-related chapters. This kind of theme accounted for 1/3 of the total number of articles of the novel. The business-related articles refer to the “business-related chapters” in which the relevant chapters in Er Pai are summarized based on previous research results, which involve commercial activities, describe merchants’ behavior, and reflect merchants’ thoughts, and show commercial cultural phenomena. The business-related chapters of Er Pai depicts a lot of good and evil stories, with the development of the plot reveals that destiny can be divided into the manipulation of God and man-made. The destiny of the characters in the text is mostly affected by the individual’s own moral conduct, which leads to the subsequent results. Some of them are not i.....

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Zhang Guixing's recent work “Wild Boars Cross the River” contains not only a disenchantment narrative from individuals to nationalities and even species, but also a re-enchantment narrative constructed from three major symbols: monsters, masks, and opium. The novel performs a spectacular killing writing in the historical narrative, and its “disease of killing” overflows the historical period and penetrates into the current era. This article uses Max Weber's concept of “disenchantment” arising from his discussion of modernity and the resulting concept of “re-enchantment” as a benchmark to discuss the phenomena of “disenchantment” and “re-enchantment” in “The Wild Boars Cross the River”. And discuss how, with the balance between the two mentioned above, the novelist directly expresses the nihilistic spirit of the times through the writing of killings in historical narratives. Keywords : “Wild Boars Cross the River”, disenchantment, re-enchantment, histor.....

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Zhuge Liang is a well known great man in history, he has outstanding talent in many asp ects, especially in the political, military and diplomatic aspects made great contributions. The image of Zhuge Liang was gradually deified after the Jin Dynasty, especially after the rendering of the novel Romance of The Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang became a man of God who had a perfect plan and could command the wind and rain, which was obviously far from the image of Zhuge Liang under the pen of historians. Political ethics refers to the concept of ethics in politics . Although Zhuge Liang was in the chaos of The Three Kingdoms, he was always able to hold his heart right and adhere to moral principles, which is also the reason why Zhuge Liang has been respected from Kings down to people for thousands of years. Zhuge Liang in the Romance of The Three Kingdom s is not only resourceful, but also noble and virtuous, which seems to be a perfect Confucian sage. This thesis is to analysis and.....

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This study aims to develop a model by looking at the following factors: social and emotional learning, coping, teacher self-efficacy, and emotional intelligence on teacher well-being towards middle school teachers. Besides, this study also examines selfefficacy as a moderator and hypothesizes a model developed fit with data sample. A cross-section study was used to achieve the desired objective of the study. Data were collected by simple random sampling collection procedures and during face to face survey mode using TWB inventory which consists 5-9 Likert-scales: Teacher Wellbeing Scale, Teacher Efficacy Scale, Social and Emotional Learning Scale for Teachers, Emotional Intelligence Assessment, and COPE. Respondents from 12 schools in Yinchuan (n=458) were involved in the survey. Smart -PLS 4.0 and IBM SPSS 27.0 were used to analyze the date obtained from respondents. Findings reported that social and emotional learning (t=4.779, p..

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