Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengira keberkesanan kos bagi empat subjek iaitu Bahasa Melayu, Sejarah,  Pendidikan Islam dan Pendidikan Moral di sebuah sekolah menengah di Daerah  Klang,  Selangor  Darul  Ehsan. Kajian  ini  memerlukan  kos  bahan  dan keberkesanan dikira  terlebih dahulu secara  berasingan sebelum dapat menentukan keberkesanan kos  intervensi yang dikaji. Kos bahan yang  terdiri daripada personel, kemudahan, peralatan dan bahan serta input lain akan dikira dengan  menggunakan kaedah kos bahan manakala keberkesanan intervensi mata pelajaran kajian pula akan  diukur dengan tiga  ukuran pencapaian iaitu peratus kelulusan, gred purata mata pelajaran dan  indeks pencapaian pelajar dalam peperiksaan SPM 2003. Untuk mengira keberkesanan kos, skala  pengukuran yang digunakan ialah skala  nisbah. Hasil kajian menunjuk.kan intervensi  yang  paling  kos efektif  ialah  intervensi  Pendidikan  Islam, diikuti  oleh intervensi Bahasa Melayu,  Pen.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan dan mengenal pasti kebolehgunaan aplikasi Go Space 4 dalam Pembelajaran Berasaskan Permainan (PBP) bagi topik Ruang untuk murid Tahun Empat. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan pendekatan Penyelidikan Reka Bentuk Pembangunan (PRP), berasaskan model ADDIE yang terdiri daripada tiga fasa. Fasa pertama adalah fasa analisis keperluan, melibatkan 76 orang guru opsyen Matematik sekolah rendah dari daerah Batang Padang. Dapatan menunjukkan terdapat keperluan dalam membangunkan aplikasi mudah alih, di mana guru memerlukan bahan pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang berasaskan teknologi. Peringkat seterusnya melibatkan proses reka bentuk dan pembangunan, di mana tujuh orang pakar digunakan untuk menilai kesahihan kandungan aplikasi. Indeks Kesahan Kandungan (CVI) digunakan untuk menilai kesahan kandungan aplikasi, mendedahkan nilai yang tinggi dan memuaskan iaitu 0.9. Fasa terakhir iaitu fasa ketiga ialah pelaksanaan dan penilaian kebolehgunaan aplikasi G.....

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This study is aimed at how ESL teachers in Malaysian primary schools perceived and dealt with challenges while conducting virtual teaching and learning during the COVID-19 outbreak. To gain a thorough understanding of the research, this study used a sequential explanatory mixed method design. The sequential explanatory mixed methods design involved quantitative and qualitative approaches. For quantitative data, the response from 130 respondents who answered the questionnaire was used to analyse the data using descriptive analysis. The descriptive analysis involves SPSS statistics analysis of frequency and percentage. As for qualitative data, a semi-structured interview session with five ESL teachers from primary schools in Klang Valley was conducted. The data were analysed using thematic analysis in which prominent themes were identified. The findings showed that the majority of the primary school ESL teachers had neutral positions on virtual teaching and learning. Besides, .....

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Pupils who had undergone four years of primary education were found to lack vocabulary knowledge in learning English. Thus, this study aimed to examine the views of English as  a Second Language (ESL) teachers and pupils on the use of pupils’ first language (L1) in the  teaching of English language vocabulary. It also investigated the teaching practices in particular  the strategies employed by an ESL teacher to teach vocabulary using the pupils’ L1. The  participants were an ESL teacher and 24 Year Five pupils in a rural school in Perak. The sample  consists of 9 boys and 15 girls who were all Malays. In addition, 30 ESL teachers in Perak answered  a set of questionnaire. This study employed a combination of descriptive case  study  and  survey   method  whereby  the  study  comprised  of  classroom observations,  interviews  with  teacher  and   selected  pupils  and  questionnaire administered to pupils observed, and questionnaire  administer.....

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of task-based language learning (TBLL) on  the grammatical and lexical achievements among student teachers. A series of TBLL lessons were used  as the treatment while a series of presentation-practice- production (PPP) lessons were used as the  control. The TBLL lessons were conducted using two different types of collaborative tasks namely,  the dictogloss task and jigsaw task. The research employs a quasi-experimental with a three-group  pre-test post-test design. The samples of the study consist of 63 student teachers from one of the  Malaysian teacher education institutes or Institut Pendidikan Guru Malaysia (IPGM). They comprise  of two treatment groups and one controlled groups. The instruments of the study consist of   pre-test, post-test, questionnaires and interview questions. The data were analysed using  descriptive statistics and a one-way ANOVA test in the statistical software for social sciences  .....

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Development of benign and efficient approaches towards the replacement of the conventional methods for producing SnO2 nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) has begun in which a biosynthesis process has been introduced. This study utilizes biomolecules, specifically the flavonoids and carbohydrate groups in pandan and soybean extracts. The biosynthesized nanoparticles underwent characterization through relevant spectroscopies. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed the absorption bands of SnO2 and Sn-O-Sn groups, with the complete disappearance of peaks associated with untreated pandan and soybean. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) indicated the formation of tetragonal structure in SnO2 NPs with primary peaks at 27o, 34o, and 51o. Additionally, UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) yielded band gap values of 4.86 and 3.45 eV for SnO2 NPs derived from pandan and soybean, respectively. In summary, the application of biosynthesized SnO2 NPs as a potential heterogeneous catalyst for purif.....

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A market research survey by Technavio has estimated that the global market size of kombucha is projected to grow by USD 3.56 billion from 2021 to 2026 with a Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) value of 19.36% due to its recognition as a ‘functional beverage’ among consumers, leading to a significant growth in the global market. Kombucha can generate a new pellicle Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY) that produces a biopolymer of cellulose. The production of cellulose from fermentation of Kombucha SCOBY has received great attention from scientists due to the global goal of developing more sustainable procedures for a greener and bio-based future. The main objective of this preliminary study was to produce kombucha SCOBY cellulose (KSC) from tea and pumpkin peel waste as fermentation substrates. The carbohydrate and protein contents of both tea and pumpkin peel waste were determined by proximate analysis. The physicochemical properties of KSC were studied using two spectr.....

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Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara faktor ergonomik dan prestasi kerja dalam kalangan pekerja di Proton Holdings Berhad. Dalam kajian ini, sebanyak 380 set borang soal selidik telah berjaya dikumpul bagi tujuan analisis. Ujian ANOVA, ujian korelasi dan ujian regresi telah digunakan untuk melaksanakan analisis statistic daripada data kajian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa analisis korelasi mempunyai hubungan positif dan signifikan peralatan dan prestasi kerja (rxy = 0.596), persekitaran (rxy = 0.383), ruang (rxy = 0.234) dan manusia (rxy = 0.215). Analisis regresi menunjukkan nilai R2 bagi model ialah 0.389 iaitu 3.89%. Ujian ANOVA menunjukkan model regresi adalah signifikan (p =0.000, F = 57.476) menunjukkan aras signifikan yang tinggi. Disamping itu, kajian mendapati bahawa faktor peralatan adalah faktor utama yang mendorong kepada prestasi kerja dalam kalangan pekerja di Proton Holdings Berhad. Kesimpulannya, dapatan utama kajian menunjukkan h.....

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This research studies the performance and efficiency of a solar hybrid gravity system integrated with battery energy storage. The study aims to optimize the design using a 50-Watt Solar PV, an 18Ah SLA Battery, and a Water Gravity Energy Storage Tank. Energy consumption was evaluated using the SLA Battery, Solar PV, and a 22-Watt Water Pump at various tank heights to measure efficiency improvements and battery lifespan extension. The methodology involved three procedures with five data loggers: a flow meter, a pyranometer, and three unit Watt Meter. Initially, a fully charged SLA Battery was tested at different tank heights (1.5m to 3.5m) every 15 minutes. Subsequently, the 50-Watt Solar PV was tested directly at a 3-meter height. Lastly, the Solar Hybrid Gravity System with Battery Energy Storage was monitored for seven days at a 3-meter height. Results indicated a 600% increase in battery performance at 80% Depth of Discharge (DOD), suggesting the battery's optimal use as a backup po.....

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Excessive concentration of Zn in the environment may lead to bad toxicological responses that can affect human health and create numerous challenges in the environment. Therefore, it is essential to develop a sensitive method such as selective chemosensors based on fluorescence properties, which does not require laborious work in order to detect Zn metal ion. A formylchromone-thiosemicarbazide with two chloro derivatives namely, DFCTSC was synthesised from reflux reaction of 6,8-dichloroformylchromone (DCFC) and thiosemicarbazide (TSC) in ethanol. The characterisation of the ligand structure was determined by using spectroscopic techniques such as Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Meanwhile, the fluorescence property of DFCTSC in the presence of Zn2+ ion was recorded using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The result showed DFCTSC has a good fluorescence behaviour towards Zn2+ io.....

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