The Randic index R(G) of a graph G is the sum of the weights (dudv)− 12 of all edges uv in G, where du denotes the degree of vertex u. Du and Zhou [On Randic indices of trees, unicyclic graphs, and bicyclic graphs, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 111 (2011), 2760–2770] determined the n-vertex unicyclic graphs with the third maximum for n ≥ 5, the fourth maximum for n ≥ 7 and the fifth maximum for n ≥ 8. Recently, Li et al. [The Randic indices of trees, unicyclic graphs and bicyclic graphs, Ars Comb. 127 (2016), 409–419] obtained the n-vertex unicyclic graphs with the sixth maximum and the seventh maximum for n ≥ 9 and the eighth maximum for n ≥ 10. In this paper, we characterize the n-vertex unicyclic graphs with the ninth maximum, the tenth maximum, the eleventh maximum, the twelfth maximum and the thirteenth maximum of Randic values...

354 hits

Graphene-based nanomaterials have significant potential to be used as coating materials for glass performance. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-coated tellurite glass was synthesized via melt-quenching and low-cost spray coating techniques for improving the optical properties in the glassy matrix. The structural properties investigated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the structural arrangement of an amorphous nature phase meanwhile, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis proved the morphological structure images of rGO onto the tellurite glass surface. The refractive index value of rGO-coated glass was found higher in the range of 2.402 - 2.775 due to the graphene-based effects. The optical bandgap energy value of rGO-coated glass was improved from 1.913 - 2.980 eV which correlated to the changes in rGO absorption characteristics. The Urbach energy showed a high number of defects in absorption with the presence of rGO structures. By virtue of improved optical pro.....

288 hits

The genus Knema Lour. is distributed mainly in Southeast Asian and widely used in folk medicine for treating diseases such as jaundice, chronic fever, and inflammation. The chemical composition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and molecular docking studies of essential oil from Knema hookeriana Warb. were investigated in this study. The essential oil was achieved through hydrodistillation and was characterised using gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was evaluated using Ellman method while molecular docking studies were carried out using Autodock v.4.3.2. The results revealed that the essential oil examined consisted mainly of ?-caryophyllene (26.2%), germacrene D (12.5%), ?-cadinene (9.2%), germacrene B (8.8%) and bicyclogermacrene (5.5%). The essential oil showed acetylcholinesterase activity with IC50 value of 70.5 g/mL. The enzyme-ligand molecular docking study showed that ?-caryophyllene and ?.....

247 hits

The Movement Control Order (MCO) was implemented in Malaysia on 18 March 2020. The MCO has changed peoples lifestyle to some extent because they have been advised to work from home. Due to this situation, the Malaysian Ministry of Education (MOE) implemented online learning methods throughout the MCO period to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus. Therefore, all schools have implemented online teaching and learning with the instructions of the MOE as a new norm to ensure that learning sessions are not delayed. The purpose of this study was to determine the level and factors of effectiveness of online learning for secondary school students studying economics subjects during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a quantitative research design employing a questionnaire as data collection instrument. The results show that the effectiveness of online learning for economics students is at a high level. The results of the survey illustrate that most students use mobile phones and laptops.....

373 hits

[No abstract available]..

721 hits

Bantul Regency was originally a food-rich area with a rice surplus. However, in the last decade, land conversion has been converted to non-agricultural land, significantly reducing rice production and disrupting food security. Based on this background, this study was conducted to analyze processes, patterns, and spatial trends of land use conversion and their effects on food security conditions, both of which are the basis for recommending sustainable land use directions in Bantul Regency. The study was conducted using a mixed approach with the research population of all sub-districts in Bantul Regency, and the survey method was used to validate land conversion data. The variables in this study consist of (1) land conversion, including processes, patterns, and spatial trends, and (2) food security. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and field checks. Land conversion analysis uses the Average Nearest Neighbor (ANN=z-score), with data on the distribution of conv.....

556 hits

This study aims to create a thematic spatial model of environmental carrying capacity for sustainable agriculture. The model was made with interpretation, surveys, and scoring an index for each modeling unit as the maximum level of resource for all ecosystem services using a GIS. The data analysis was carried out descriptively with an environmental approach for each unit in the entire region based on the results of ecoregion and land cover overlays. The results are in the form of thematic spatial models, environmental carrying capacity, and sustainable agriculture for each data used including the activity center model. Based on the results of this study, the future implications for the environmental carrying capacity model can be the basis for making RTRW, therefore this research can be used as one of the guidelines in making policies for an area, especially related to planning that is used as strategic land for regional development planning. 2023 WITPress. All rights reserved...

436 hits

In data analysis, recognizing unusual patterns (outliers analysis or anomaly detection) plays a crucial role in identifying critical events. Because of its widespread use in many applications, it remains an important and extensive research brand in data mining. As a result, numerous techniques for finding anomalies have been developed, and more are still being worked on. Researchers can gain vital knowledge by identifying anomalies, which helps them make better meaningful data analyses. However, anomaly detection is even more challenging when the datasets are high-dimensional and multivariate. In the literature, anomaly detection has received much attention but not as much as anomaly detection, specifically in high dimensional and multivariate conditions. This paper systematically reviews the existing related techniques and presents extensive coverage of challenges and perspectives of anomaly detection within high-dimensional and multivariate data. At the same time, it provides a clear.....

589 hits

This research focuses on the learning challenges that both students and teachers face during the learning process. It addresses the different techniques and methods used for face recognition. The proposed VTA model uses the convolutional neural networks to recognize the identities of the student. It gathers the facial expressions and body poses of each student in the classroom and predicts the attention level of that student, thus determining his/her learning capabilities. This research will help the students achieve their learning objectives by being able to get an accurate and real evaluation of their contribution and attention during the classes. Also, the proposed VTA model helps the teacher get some insight into his/her teaching methodologies during the class as the model will observe and record the attentiveness of the students. This research will have a significant positive impact on student success and on effective lecturing. 2023 IGI Global. All rights reserved...

462 hits

Self-assessment in practicum courses may develop students' character, for example, honesty, discipline, and responsibility. Moreover, it can also improve students' initiative and critical, creative thinking. However, assessment for practicum courses is often fully conducted by lecturers with minimum involvement from students. This study aims to develop self-assessment instruments to assess students characters while performing fashion design practicum using the HOTS approach. The instruments were developed using the 4D model by Thiagarajan that consists of four stages, namely Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The sample was collected purposively from 15 students taking the Haute Couture course. The developed instruments were validated by experts in fashion design and were considered Almost Perfect. The interrater reliability index is higher than 0.7, meaning that these met the criteria required. The collected data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics. The self-assessm.....

379 hits