Background: Heavy metals in water pose grave risks to human health and the environment, necessitating the development of cost-effective and sustainable materials to combat heavy metal pollution in water. Natural and waste-based materials have received exceptional attention among researchers in removing heavy metals. Methods: The efficient hydroxyapatite (HAp) and its composites have been utilized as adsorbents and membrane materials for the efficient elimination of heavy metals from wastewater, capitalizing on their low cost, eco-friendliness, thermal stability, and efficiency. Significant findings: The review commences with a brief highlight and comparison of methods of heavy metal removal. Then, it delves into HAp properties, synthesis methods, and the influence of preparation conditions on HAp characteristics. The paper evaluates heavy metal adsorption in terms of equilibrium conditions, isotherms, and kinetics. While adsorption is effective for heavy metal removal, it can be labor-.....

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Mental health programs among adolescents are conducted with various approaches based on the program's objectives and the target population's needs which impact mental health and well-being. The objective of this review is to examine the implementation of mental health intervention of the psychological and Islamic approaches in maintaining mental health among adolescents. This review's main sources are articles from databases, Scopus, Eric, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. Most psychological approaches emphasize emotional well-being in interventions, while Islamic approach, viewed mental health care holistically. This includes obeying religious teachings which positively impact teenagers' well-being. The exploration of adolescent self-development, including social well-being and emotional, spiritual, and religious values is important to increase the effectiveness of mental health interventions among adolescents. Both Psychological and Islamic approaches can be applied in promoting mental h.....

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VEGETABLES have been a part of human meals due to the health benefits associated with their consumption and the presence of beneficial compounds. However, vegetable production encounters a wide range of environmental stresses, such as heat and drought, that hamper their productivity. With the frequent climate change events across agricultural farmland in the world, the problems associated with the emergence of heat and drought are expected to persist and worsen as time ticks, consequently resulting in yield loss. To abate these problems, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are essential in enhancing plant nutrient intake, plant growth, increased photosynthesis rate, and reduced oxidative stress under abiotic stress. It inhibits the downregulation of important metabolic pathways and helps host plants up-regulate tolerance mechanisms. Being naturally occurring root symbionts, AMF gives host plants vital inorganic nutrients, enhancing growth and yield in both stressed and unstressed condit.....

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In contemporary education, game-based learning (GBL) has become a captivating instructional method applied across various academic subjects, including mathematics. The utilization of online GBL in mathematics education constitutes a segment of the activities that mathematics educators can employ during their lessons to teach students and enhance their educational progress. The primary goal of this study was to examine recent research endeavors involving the use of online GBL in mathematics education for Generation Z cohort. To achieve this objective, a systematic review (SR) was carried out to investigate the types of online games employed, analyze previous research methodologies, and explore the educational contexts relevant to mathematics education that align with the needs of Generation Z. An SR process was conducted to gather relevant articles from three databases, namely Science Direct, Scopus, and Springer. Full-text articles were meticulously assessed based on predetermined elig.....

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In recent years, the progressive escalation of climate change scenarios has emerged as a significant global concern. The threat to global food security posed by abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, waterlogging, temperature stress (heat stress, freezing, and chilling), and high heavy metal accumulation is substantial. The implementation of any of these stresses on agricultural land induces modifications in the morphological, biochemical, and physiological processes of plants, leading to diminished rates of germination, growth, photosynthesis, respiration, hormone and enzyme activity disruption, heightened oxidative stress, and ultimately, a reduction in crop productivity. It is anticipated that the frequency of these stresses will progressively escalate in the future as a result of a rise in climate change events. Therefore, it is crucial to develop productive strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of these challenges on the agriculture industry and improve crop resilience a.....

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Open inquiry is the fourth and highest level of an inquiry-based approach in science teaching and learning. Although previous research has highlighted several benefits of open inquiry, thus far, no studies have comprehensively reviewed its impacts using systematic and rigorous methodologies. Thus, the central aim of this review study was to develop a better understanding of the impacts of an open inquiry approach on students' learning in science. The search strategy was restricted to articles published in established scholarly databases (WOS, Scopus and ERIC), following the seven steps in conducting a systematic literature review process in educational research. As a result, 24 articles were extracted and qualified for inclusion in this review study. Finally, a thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the articles and five themes were generated: i) students' conceptual understanding, ii) students' motivation, iii) students' attitudes towards science, iv) students' scientific and thin.....

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Kratom has caught the attention of governments, policymakers, and academicians due to its unique characteristics. This paper explores the scholarly works related to the different aspects of Kratom to elucidate its research progress and identify future research agendas. We reviewed existing publications on Kratom using a bibliometric methodology. By analyzing 431 scientific publications, we identified publication sources, document analysis, countries analysis, and research keywords, which helped us understand the research locus on Kratom. After reviewing the publications, we discovered significant disagreements in categorizing and defining Kratom amongst authors based on their nationalities. We also showed the knowledge structure of existing publications via thematic analysis, illustrating that the studies focused on the opioid nature of Kratom. Also, drug abuse-related issues evolved as the motor theme of research, while other aspects are prevalent as niche or emerging research themes......

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With the widespread usage of smartphones, users not just using their smartphone for calls and messaging only, but they are using it for a variety of purposes such as banking transactions, e-mailing, chatting, online shopping, video conferencing, health monitoring, and many more. Most of these activities store personal and sensitive data of the user on the device, reaching this confidential information by unauthorized person may cause huge losses and bad consequences. Therefore, securing the smartphone's accessibility from unauthorized people became an extremely essential. With the advanced development in the area of sensor-based smartphone authentication methods, different methods were developed to be easily used by users through specific criteria. However, many aspects haven't been discovered yet in the area of sensor-based smartphone authentication methods. On the basis of that, this study aims to review the area of sensor-based smartphone authentication methods systematically to pro.....

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A growing focus has recently been on membrane distillation (MD) technology as a potential separation method for desalination through various MD configurations. However, due to the lack of proper and robust ceramic and polymeric membranes with high wetting and fouling resistance that can endure the harsh operating conditions for long MD operations, substantial research efforts have been directed toward enhancing the properties of superhydrophobic and omniphobic ceramic and polymeric membranes. Although there are few published articles, the uniqueness of this review lies in the fact that it comprehensively discusses the enhancement of MD performance for water desalination via superhydrophobic and omniphobic ceramic and polymeric membranes. This review includes a discussion of recent advancements in published studies, wetting properties, fabrication techniques, and MD performance of superhydrophobic and omniphobic membranes, highlighting the limitations of current ceramic and polymeric me.....

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Urbanization in the Indian subcontinental countries, often unplanned, alters regional climate, triggering critical environmental challenges. This review examines its impacts on groundwater droughts, flood risks, urban heat islands, agriculture, food security, and public health. Groundwater resources across the subcontinent faced depletion due to intricate links between land-use changes and anthropogenic activities. Research from various geographical areas highlights the critical need for integrated, sustainable, locally appropriate solutions and decentralized approaches to water management. Flood risks were increased by urbanization and industrialization, necessitating the implementation of efficient mitigation techniques based on hydrological modeling and spatial planning. The growing Urban Heat Island effect put ecosystems and human health at risk, making extensive afforestation and sustainable land-use planning necessary. Food security and biodiversity were threatened by encroaching.....

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