The study was carried out to evaluate the performance of undergraduate students in Test and Measurement Achievement test with samples from probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling procedures. Three research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. A sample of 200 students (100 from proportionate stratified random representing probabilistic and 100 from purposive representing non-probabilistic). Test and Measurement Achievement test was the instrument used for the study. It has face and content validities. It has a reliability coefficient of 0.79 obtained through Kuder-Richardson formula 20. The data collected with the instrument were analysed in line with the research questions and hypothesis. Mean was used to answer the research questions while Z-test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that the undergraduate students who were selected through the probabilistic sampling procedure performed better than sample of students from the .....

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Objektif kajian ini ialah untuk mengenal pasti peranan interaksionisme simbolik terhadap interaksi silang budaya berdasarkan empat elemen makna simbolik iaitu objek, bahasa, perkataan dan perlakuan manakala masalah akulturasi juga diteliti oleh penyelidik terhadap pelajar antarabangsa di UPSI. Reka bentuk penyelidikan kualitatif dipilih berdasarkan kajian kes yang berlaku di lokasi kajian. Pungutan data pula menggunakan kaedah triangulasi data untuk mengumpulkan data kajian seperti temu bual, analisis dokumen dan senarai semak. Seramai 10 orang pelajar antarabangsa dipilih menjadi informan menggunakan teknik pensampelan bertujuan dan teknik pensampelan snowball. Dapatan kajian mendapati empat elemen dalam makna simbolik iaitu objek, bahasa, perlakuan dan perkataan memainkan peranan yang sangat penting dalam interaksi silang budaya. Penggunaan bahasa pula membawa peranan paling utama dalam interaksionisme simbolik. Manakala makna simbolik juga diadaptasikan melalui cara pemikiran indivi.....

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This study aims to design and develop a preschool integrated-thematic-instruction STREAM (Science, Technology, Reading, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) module to enhance teachers' skills. The Design and Development Research (DDR) approach was employed in this study, which consisted of three phases. The first phase analysed the need for developing the STREAM module for preschool. A survey method was conducted involving 40 early childhood educators and 40 pre-service early childhood educators as respondents. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. The findings from the needs analysis revealed that the development of the STREAM ITIPreschool module is necessary to enhance teachers' skills in STREAM ITI-Preschool education. The second phase focused on designing and developing the STREAM ITIPreschool module, which involved consensus among ten experts on the module's main components through two rounds. Thematic analysis was conducted in the first round, where emerging themes includ.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka pengajaran Fiqh al -Ayat dalam Kurikulum Bersepadu Tahfiz (KBT) di Sekolah Menengah Imtiaz Terengganu. Fiqh al -Ayat merupakan komponen penting dalam pendidikan tahfiz yang menekankan kefahaman terhadap ayat -ayat al-Quran, namun pelaksanaannya dilihat kurang diberi perhatian berbanding hafazan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kaedah temu bual separa berstruktur, pengamatan dan analisis dokumen. Seramai lapan orang guru dari empat buah sekolah SM Imtiaz d i Terengganu telah menjadi informan kajian. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa guru menggunakan pelbagai kaedah seperti syarahan, penceritaan, soal jawab dan dialog. Pendekatan deduktif dan tematik adalah paling dominan, disesuaikan mengikut konteks ayat dan tahap penguasaan pelajar. Strategi berpusatkan guru lebih kerap digunakan kerana ketiadaan silibus khusus dan keperluan memastikan penyampaian yang seragam. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat usaha berpusatkan pelajar melalui aktivit.....

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The study was conducted to analyse the effect of a robotic program to primary school children. In order to succeed in a world increasingly dependent on technology, computational thinking is important. Computational thinking is considered as an important skill for students in 21-st learning century. Computational thinking provides basic knowledge in the design of generalization problem; decomposition, data representation, generalization, modeling, and algorithm. Educational robotics associated much with computational thinking and the subject of computer science through programming module has been emphasized by the education ministry recently and was introduced formally in the primary school curriculum, which focuses on solving technological problems. The instrument used to measure the technological problem solving is Technological Problem Solving Inventory (PSI-TECH). Quasi-experiments was implemented in this study, involved experimental group and control group which were equal in selec.....

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Mathematical thinking is an act of sense-making and rest on the processes of generalizing, specializing, convincing and conjecturing. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of mathematical thinking students in primary schools and whether there is any difference in the level of mathematical thinking of students from different types of school. The data was collected from 516 Year 4 students which are from 7 primary schools in the state of Terengganu, Johor, Kedah and Federal Territory. Data were collected using a paper-and-pencil test that were directly administered to the sample. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical software was used to compute the means (M) and corresponding standard deviations (sd). T-tests were also conducted to determine if there are any significant difference in the levels of mathematical thinking of the students according to the different types of schools. The descriptive analysis of the study revealed that .....

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This  study  examines whether  the  effect  of  oil  rent  on  economic  growth  in Nigeria  depends on the levels of corruption and the size of the underground economy (UE) over  the period 1990-2022. Relying on the Sachs-Warner resource‑curse theory, it employs the  autoregressive  distributed  lag  (ARDL)  approach,  as  well  as  the  fully  modified  ordinary  least  squares  (FMOLS),  canonical  cointegration  regression  (CCR),  and  dynamic OLS (DOLS) estimators. The estimation results show that oil rent contributes  positively to both short- and long-term growth, whereas reductions in corruption and  an expanding UE exert immediate and sustained negative effects on growth. Moreover,  the study  reveals  that  the impact  of  oil  rent  on growth varies  with  both  the  level  of  corruption and the size of the UE. Specifically, the marginal effect of oil rent on growth  is positive when corruption is low or the UE.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan Modul Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah Mod Campuran_Sokratik (PBMMC_S) dan menguji kesan modul tersebut terhadap penguasaan pelajar bagi Konsep Tiga Aras Perwakilan Kimia. Reka bentuk kajian pembangunan yang terdiri daripada tiga fasa telah digunakan untuk membangunkan Modul PBMMC_S. Bagi Fasa 1 iaitu analisis keperluan, instrumen kajian ialah ujian tiga aras perwakilan kimia yang melibatkan 82 orang pelajar yang dipilih melalui pensampelan bertujuan. Di samping itu, soal selidik implementasi PBM juga digunakan dengan melibatkan 63 orang guru melalui teknik pensampelan bertujuan. Bagi Fasa 2 iaitu reka bentuk dan pembangunan, instrumen kajian merupakan protokol temu bual yang melibatkan sembilan orang pakar. Fasa 3 iaitu penilaian melibatkan instrumen nota catatan pemerhatian, dokumen pelajar dan protokol temu bual. Data daripada fasa satu dianalisis secara analisis deskriptif manakala data daripada fasa dua dan tiga, dianalisis secara .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkaitan antara tret personaliti, sokongan ibu bapa dan efikasi kendiri dalam membuat keputusan kerjaya terhadap jangkaan hasil kerjaya. Seramai 765 orang responden di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia terlibat dalam kajian ini. Reka bentuk kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian tinjauan dimana data dikumpul melalui borang soal selidik International Personality Item Pool (IPIP), Skala Sokongan Ibu Bapa, Efikasi Kendiri Membuat Keputusan Kerjaya dan Career Decision Making Outcome Expectancies Scale (CDMOES). Data di analisis menggunakan ujian-t, ANOVA Sehala, korelasi, regrasi berganda dan Permodelan Persamaan Berstruktur. Dapatan ujian-t menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan tret personaliti Neurotisisme berdasarkan jantina. Manakala ujian ANOVA sehala menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan tret personaliti Ekstraversi, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Keterbukaan dan Neurotisisme pelajar berdasarkan fakulti. Dapatan ujian korelasi menu.....

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of upper body resistance training on muscle activation, psychophysiology and shooting performance among compound archers. This study involves a pre and post experimental design with experimental groups and control group. Thirty compound archers (Mean age = 19.0 _ 2.3 years) completed the whole study protocol. All parameters were measured at pre-intervention and post- intervention. Electromyography was used to measure muscle activation. Heart rate monitor was used to measure the physiological variable. The revised Competitive State Anxiety-2 was used to measure competitive state anxiety and shooting performance was assessed through the total scores of double 50 meters round. The results of Mixed factorial analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction between the experimental group and control group (p < 0.05) after the intervention for anconeus muscle and self-confidence. The experimental group was found (p = .02 < .05) for mus.....

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