Constructing examination papers has been a lengthy and tedious procedure that is commonly raise by issues with content validity, reliability, and fairness. Therefore, investigating alternative methods such as item banking using Rasch analysis may present a more practical and efficient approach for creating assessments. This study aims to demonstrate how to develop an item bank using Rasch analysis and assess the reliability and validity of the final exam paper for a statistics course that uses item bank as its foundation. In this research, Statistics course which consist of 7 questions are divided into 21 items based on test specification table (TST). The results from Rasch analysis are recorded in an item bank interface created by using excel. The item bank interface facilitates easy access to a large variety of pretested items, allowing for the creation of diverse and balanced exam papers. A well-developed item bank will be a great assistance to exam setters as it makes the process o.....

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Since certain data are ignored owing to noise, coping with the complex data with neutrosophic features is problematic. This paper suggests a neutrosophic set strategy for interpolating the Bezier curve to overcome this issue. Thus, depending on the neutrosophic set notion, this work introduces the Bezier curve interpolation method for neutrosophic data. Using the neutrosophic set and its attributes, the neutrosophic control point is specified first. After that, the Bernstein basis function is linked to the control point and yields a neutrosophic Bezier. This curve is then shown using an interpolation approach that includes curves indicating membership, indeterminacy, and non-membership. Before the conclusion of this article, there is a numeric example and an algorithm for developing the neutrosophic Bezier curve using interpolation. Based on the results obtained, the neutrosophic set can deal with the complex data by treating all data including the uncertainty data as indeterminacy mem.....

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This study develops and evaluates a teaching module on Chinese ancient poetry art songs for non-music major undergraduate students at Donghua University of Technology in China. The purpose of the study is to address the declining interest in traditional Chinese music by enhancing students' cultural appreciation and engagement through innovative teaching strategies. Using the ADDIE model, the study follows a structured three-phase approach: needs analysis, module development, and validation. The module incorporates both theoretical and practical components, combining historical and cultural knowledge of ancient poetry with vocal performance techniques. Data collection methods include pre- and post-tests, questionnaires, observations, and interviews to ensure a comprehensive evaluation of the module_s effectiveness. The findings reveal a significant improvement in students' understanding, performance, and appreciation of ancient poetry art songs, demonstrating the module's high effective.....

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Kajian ini meneliti secara mendalam perkembangan perkhidmatan kesihatan di daerah Hilir Perak semasa era pentadbiran kolonial British antara tahun 1900 hingga 1957. Tujuan utama penyelidikan ini adalah mengkaji sejarah dan latar belakang masyarakat Hilir Perak, menganalisis perkembangan kemudahan kesihatan moden, memahami peranan pentadbir kolonial dalam menangani isu kesihatan, serta menilai kesan perkhidmatan kesihatan terhadap kesejahteraan dan pembangunan sosioekonomi masyarakat setempat. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan melalui analisis dokumen rasmi, rekod pentadbiran kolonial, laporan tahunan kerajaan negeri, serta sumber-sumber arkib dan kajian terdahulu. Kajian mendapati bahawa sebelum kedatangan kolonial British, masyarakat di Hilir Perak mengamalkan rawatan tradisional menggunakan herba dan khidmat bomoh atau pawang. Namun, dengan perluasan kegiatan ekonomi, kemasukan tenaga buruh asing dan keadaan persekitaran yang tidak terjaga, penyakit berjangkit seperti malaria, kolera, .....

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This study aims to explore the effectiveness of school-enterprise cooperation in vocational education in China, respond to the country's urgent demand for high-quality technical and skilled personnel, and analyze the practical role of school-enterprise cooperation in talent cultivation . This study adopts a qualitative case study method and takes a higher vocational college in Shandong Province as the research object. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with nine individuals, including three experts, three school teachers, and three enterprise representatives, as well as through the analysis of relevant documents.By utilizing Atlas to analyze qualitative data.To ensure the credibility of the findings, strategies such as long-term contact, member checking and triangulation were used. The study found that the effectiveness of school-enterprise cooperation is reflected in three aspects: process effectiveness, outcome effectiveness and sustainability of coop.....

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"KaoBing" is a traditional ritual folk dance practiced in Jiuxian Village, Mazhang District, Zhanjiang City, with a history tracing back to the Southern Song Dynasty (AD1127-1279). Performed by inheritors wearing masks and carrying props to represent generals and earth gods, the dance serves to ward off evil spirits and invoke blessings. It integrates community customs, religious beliefs, and artistic expression, and carries profound historical and cultural significance. The ritual is held twice a year, presided over jointly by Taoist priests and cultural inheritors, and consists often ceremonial segments, among which the Nuo Dance performance is central. In recent decades, however, the transmission of this tradition has faced severe challenges due to modernization and social transformation. The outmigration of young people has led to a shortage of successors. The performers are aging, the transmission system has become fragmented, and the influence of modern culture is evident. This s.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan membangunkan modul bahasa Arab untuk muamalat (M~AL4M) menggunakan teknologi asas bagi meningkatkan kefahaman bahasa Arab dan penguasaan istilah kewangan Islam dalam kalangan pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi (IPT) di Malaysia. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan pendekatan kaedah campuran, khususnya reka bentuk kuasi-eksperimen. Model ADDIE digunakan sebagai rangka kerja pembangunan. Fasa pertama kajian ini melibatkan tinjauan terhadap 60 orang pelajar program kewangan Islam dan temu bual bersama tiga orang tenaga pengajar kursus bahasa Arab muamalat. Fasa kedua menumpukan kepada reka bentuk dan pembangunan M~AL4M diikuti dengan pengesahan kandungan dan teknikal oleh tujuh orang pakar penilai dari beberapa buah IPT. Fasa ketiga pula menilai keberkesanan M~AL4M melalui ujian pra dan pasca yang melibatkan 90 orang pelajar, dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan rawatan dan satu kumpulan kawalan. Dapatan fasa pertama menunjukkan bahawa 75% pelajar bersetuju tentang keperluan modul .....

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This study aims to develop a Music Appreciation Learning Activity Framework using Guzheng musical instruments for high school students in China to enhance their aesthetic experience and cultural appreciation. A modified Design and Development Research (DDR) approach was used, comprising three phases: (1) Framework Requirements Analysis, (2) Framework Design and Development, and (3) Framework Usability Evaluation. In the first phase, data from 100 high school music appreciation educators were collected through questionnaires to assess the need for framework development. The second phase involved constructing the framework using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) with nine selected experts, resulting in 25 agreedupon elements. In the third phase, the usability of the framework was evaluated through the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) involving 30 secondary school music appreciation students, with defuzzification values ranging from 24.0 to 33.6 indicating moderate expert agreement. The resultin.....

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This study aimed to create and evaluate the effectiveness of a Flipped Classroom Strategy integrating STEM Approach (FCS-SA) module. The module was designed to enhance cognitive abilities, attitudes, and problem-solving skills among pre-service elementary teachers. The research methodology employed was Development Research, utilizing the 4-D development Module, which includes four stages: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. In the limited trial, 55 students participated as respondents. For the field trial, the respondents comprised 106 students in the experimental group and 104 students in the control group. Both groups underwent learning processes using their respective intervention Modules. The research instruments included validation sheets, teacher practicality assessment sheets, student assessment sheets, cognitive tests, problem-solving ability tests, attitude questionnaires towards mathematics, and learning implementation observations. Seven hypotheses were tested in this .....

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Sleep is vital for maintaining overall health and well-being. This study investigated the relationship between sleep hygiene and social rhythm and aimed to identify the key predictors of sleep quality among young Malaysian adults. Conducted at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris in Perak, Malaysia, the research utilized a longitudinal survey design. A total of 113 university students participated, completing either a paper-based or an online survey. The survey comprised a demographic questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Sleep Hygiene Inventory (SHI), Social Rhythm Metric (SRM II-5), Consensus Sleep Diary (CSD), and Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS). Participants also recorded sleep and social rhythm diaries for one week. The results showed that Malaysian young adults generally exhibited good sleep hygiene and an above-average social rhythm, with mean scores of 12.52 (SD = 6.7) for sleep hygiene and 4.78 (SD = 1.62) for social rhythm. Most pa.....

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