Bebop lines merupakan salah satu elemen muzik yang boleh diguna pakai ketika mengimprovasi lagu Jazz. Idea ini tercetus dari lagenda jazz seawal tahun 1940-an iaitu Charlie Parker (1920-1955) dan Dizzy Gilliespie (1917-1993). Muzik bebop terkenal dengan tempo yang laju dan sukar untuk dimainkan, lebih-lebih lagi dengan menggunakan alat muzik trombon. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti elemenelemen muzik yang terdapat di dalam bebop lines seperti rentak, simbol dan corak dan seterusnya diimplementasikan pada bahagian melodi lagu dan improvisasi dengan menggunakan lagu-lagu nyanyian Zain Azman, yang merupakan penyanyi jazz terulung di Malaysia sekitar tahun 1950-an. Walaupun lagu-lagu nyanyian beliau sering dipersembahkan di dalam pelbagai bentuk ensemble, namun demikian pernampilan alat muzik trombon sebagai pemain solo utama masih kurang diketengahkan. Dengan merujuk kepada beberapa pemain trombon jazz bebop terdahulu, ianya memberi inspirasi dan gambaran untuk mengembangkan lagi.....

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Kajian bertujuan untuk menilai kebolehgunaan Instrumen Faktor Literasi Membaca sebagai pengukur faktor yang mempengaruhi kebolehan membaca murid tingkatan dua. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan penyelidikan reka bentuk dan pembangunan (DDR) yang melibatkan tiga fasa iaitu, fasa analisis keperluan, fasa reka bentuk dan pembangunan, dan fasa penilaian. Instrumen kajian melibatkan soal selidik dan temu bual. Data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferens, manakala data kualitatif dianalisis secara bertema. Persampelan kajian menggunakan teknik persampelan rawak berkelompok (150 orang guru), persampelan bertujuan (15 orang pakar) dan persampelan rawak berstrata (462 orang murid). Dapatan kajian yang diperoleh menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh guru (R2 = 80%, p < 0.05), sekolah (R2 = 48%, p < 0.05), murid (R2 = 34%, p < 0.05) dan keluarga (R2 = 11%, p < 0.05) terhadap kebolehan membaca murid. Analisis juga mendapati terdapat pengaruh status sosioekonomi dan lokasi sek.....

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The aim of the study is to investigate the use of Confucian cultural elements in Chinese animated films and their role in social education. The research employs historical analysis to review the development of Chinese animated films, exploring the application and evolution of Confucian elements in different periods. Based on Nelson Goodman's theory of representation, this research analyzes the use of Confucian cultural elements in the top-grossing Chinese animated films from 2015 to 2023, focusing on themes, characters, and symbolic meanings in scenes. Through case studies, a semiotic analysis of representative works is conducted to reveal Confucian elements_visual representation and symbolic meaning. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that recent Chinese animated films increasingly incorporate Confucian elements in content and form, enhancing animated films' cultural depth and social function through character development, plot design, and value transmission. These Confucian s.....

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Kajian ini menganalisis penghijrahan pendatang Filipina ke Sabah dalam tempoh 1972 hingga 2014 dengan memberi fokus kepada implikasinya dari sudut sosial, politik, ekonomi dan keselamatan, serta tindak balas pihak kerajaan. Sejak dekad 1970-an, Sabah menjadi tumpuan migran dari selatan Filipina, khususnya ekoran konflik bersenjata di Mindanao dan tekanan ekonomi domestik yang mendorong penghijrahan rentas sempadan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sejarah melalui analisis data primer dan sekunder. Kajian ini menggunakan dokumentasi rasmi kerajaan Malaysia, laporan organisasi antarabangsa serta temubual terpilih dengan migran. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa fenomena penghijrahan ini telah mengubah struktur demografi Sabah dengan ketara, membawa kepada pertumbuhan populasi bukan warganegara dan mewujudkan cabaran dalam penyediaan perkhidmatan awam. Implikasi terhadap keselamatan dan kewarganegaraan turut ketara, khususnya berkaitan status pendatang tanpa dokumen sah dan ko.....

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This study aimed to develop and evaluate a creative music module designed to enhance executive function in urban left-behind children aged six to seven. As urbanization accelerates and labor migration increases, the number of urban left-behind children has grown, their challenges remain under explored. A mixed method approach guided by the ADDIE model informed this study. There were 60 participants randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The intervention lasted 12 weeks and was conducted in a natural classroom setting. Executive function, including inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, was assessed at three time points: before the intervention, at the midpoint, and after completion. Quantitative data were analyzed using a 2 * 3 mixed design repeated measures ANOVA to examine main and interaction effects. Although the difference in inhibitory control between the two groups did not reach statistical significance, the experimental group exhibited an .....

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The main objective of this research is to examine the effect of the supply chain and lean accounting on manufacturing performance. This research also aims to investigate the mediating role of lean accounting in the relationship between the supply chain and manufacturing performance. Additionally, this research seeks to develop a model of manufacturing performance specifically for the Malaysian context. Based on the list of manufacturing companies registered at the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers as of 2020, a simple random sampling method was employed. Questionnaires were distributed through email to selected manufacturing companies, and responses were collected using a 7-point Likert scale. A total of 282 completed questionnaires were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. The findings indicate that supply chain has a significant effect on manufacturing performance. However, each component of supply chain which is measured by strategic supplier partnership (SSP), customer.....

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Kajian_ ini_ bertujuan_ untuk_ membangunkan_ modul_ pengajaran_ menggunakan_ pendekatan naratif bagi mengajar_ leka main_ di_ sekolah menengah,_ di_ tengah-tengah_ cabaran kekurangan bahan rujukan dan minat pelajar terhadap puisi tradisional Iban._ Penyataan_ masalah_ ini_ mencerminkan_ keperluan_ untuk memelihara_ warisan_ budaya_ sambil meningkatkan penglibatan pelajar dalam pembelajaran bahasa_ Iban. Objektif_ kajian_ adalah_ untuk mengenal_ pasti_ isi_ kandungan_ leka_ main_ yang_ sesuai, mengkaji_ persepsi guru terhadap strategi pengajaran yang berkesan, dan memahami pandangan_ pelajar_ mengenai_ kaedah_ pengajaran_ yang_ digunakan._ Metodologi_ yang_ digunakan_ dalam kajian ini melibatkan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kaedah temu bual berstruktur,_ analisis_ kandungan,_ dan_ pemerhatian. Data_ dikumpulkan_ daripada guru_ bahasa_ Iban_ dan pelajar sekolah menengah untuk mendapatkan pandangan yang mendalam tentang_ pengajaran leka main. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa isi kandungan.....

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This study focuses on the evolution of Andu Gawai Nyama, a Bidayuh custom in the village of Timurang, Sarawak. Through this study, the researcher will describe the transition of customs using ethnographic methods. The problem of this study is the transition of ritual practices based on religious beliefs profound implications for the cultural identity of this community. The main objective of the study is to define the purpose of Andu Gawai Nyama in Timurang Village, Sarawak and analyze the transition of the Andu Gawai Nyama to Andu Gawai Dayak. In addition, the researcher will also synthesis the relevance of the customs with the community in Timurang Village, Sarawak. In this study, qualitative methods in the form of interviews and document analysis will be used throughout the analysis in addition to the use of cultural evolution theory will also be linked. This study will help understand the purpose of this festival and maintain Andu Gawai Nyama in the Bidayuh community in Timurang, Sa.....

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This study examines the effects of Formulaic Sequence Instruction (FSI) in enhancing the oral English fluency of first-year engineering students at Hubei Engineering University, China. Employing a quasi-experimental design, 41 participants were assigned to either an experimental group receiving explicit FSI or a control group experiencing conventional instruction. Data were triangulated through pre- and posttests measuring fluency, checklists capturing students' recognition of formulaic sequences and dysfluency indicators, and semi-structured interviews yielding qualitative insights. Findings from the statistical analyses indicated that while both instructional approaches positively influenced fluency, the experimental group demonstrated significantly gains (p..

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This research aims to investigate the elements of humour in English language teaching among lecturers in Malaysian higher education setting. A mixed method research design consists of both qualitative and quantitative data. Data were collected through survey, classroom observation, as well as semi-structured interview. Using a purposive sampling technique, a total of 108 English lecturers participated. Descriptive and inferential analyses revealed that among the core elements of humour in the classroom, style ranked as the most significant, followed by content and types. The Friedman test confirmed statistically significant differences between these elements (χ²(2) = 69.815, p < .001). The result also indicates that there are three elements of humour commonly used by lecturers which are types of humour (verbal, visual), content of humour (culture-based, universal-based, linguistic-based), and styles of humour (affiliative, aggressive). The findings show that these elements of humour .....

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