This research aimed to produce bacterial cellulose through fermentation of kombucha symbiotic cellulose of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) by using fruit peel wastes as fermentation substrates. This research is divided into three main studies, namely proximate analysis of fruit peel wastes, correlation studies of fermentation process and characterisation studies of kombucha SCOBY cellulose (KSC). The fruit peel wastes used in this study were dragon fruit, jackfruit banana, saba banana and pumpkin. Several proximate analyses were conducted to determine the composition of carbohydrate, protein, fibre and ash in fruit peel wastes. The characterisation studies of KSC were carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometer, thermogravimetric analyser (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer. Based on proximate analyses, dragon fruit peel wa.....

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Postpartum depression (PPD) represents a significant mental health concern that affects the relationship between mothers and their infants worldwide, including in Indonesia. Specifically, in Banjarmasin Indonesia, it has been reported that about 43% of postpartum mothers are diagnosed with the symptoms which become a consideration scenario for scientific study. It has been noted that health institutions in Banjarmasin, Indonesia, are deficient in an effective detection tool, primarily due to the expensive, time-intensive, and insufficient nature of existing methods. The conventional screening approach, which relies on questionnaire instruments, fails to yield a meaningful dataset of PPD that can be analyzed scientifically and accurately. A purposive sampling method was applied, yielding a sample of 317 respondents from healthcare institutions in Banjarmasin City. A hybrid resampling technique combining Bootstrapping and the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) was implemen.....

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This research aims to develop a comprehensive safety assessment framework for Industrialised Buildings using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The research identifies key safety risks and assesses the critical factors influencing the safety of Industrialised Buildings. A quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected from 324 participants involved in Industrialised Building projects completed between 2018 and 2023 in Xi_an, Yan_an, and Ankang in Shaanxi Province. Respondents included academics, policymakers, contractors, and prefabricated component manufacturers. The results were validated through interviews and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistical data analysis was applied to rank the safety risk factors, and AHP was used to establish a structured safety assessment framework. Reliability and validity tests were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings. The results indicate that management, technical, and human factors are the primary factors.....

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Kajian ini berfokus pada pembangunan model proses pembinaan buku teks Bahasa Melayu untuk peringkat sekolah rendah di Singapura, dengan penekanan kepada keberkesanan buku teks terhadap pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Dalam kajian ini, pengkaji juga memberikan tumpuan kepada keupayaan model yang dibangunkan untuk memastikan mutu buku teks Bahasa Melayu yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan standard kualiti yang ditetapkan. Reka bentuk kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan (DDR) yang terdiri daripada tiga fasa: iaitu, analisis keperluan, reka bentuk dan pembangunan, dan penilaian terhadap kebolehgunaan model. Metodologi kajian ini melibatkan analisis dokumen, senarai semak, soal selidik dan temu bual dengan guru, pelajar dan beberapa pakar yang terlibat dalam pembinaan buku teks Bahasa Melayu di Singapura. Dapatan kajian ini terdiri daripada elemen-elemen penting proses pembinaan buku teks Bahasa Melayu iaitu, pengenalpastian keperluan pengguna, pengkonsepan, penulisan, kons.....

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Cerita rakyat tempatan merupakan sebahagian daripada budaya tradisi masyarakat Melayu yang diwarisi secara turun-temurun. Pemilihan karakter yang diadaptasi daripada cerita rakyat bukan sahaja menampilkan keunikan, tetapi turut memperlihatkan variasi rekaan kostum. Kostum ini berfungsi sebagai simbolik dalam menyampaikan makna dari sudut tradisi, status sosial dan kepercayaan. Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk membahaskan justifikasi pemilihan karakter-karakter yang diangkat daripada cerita rakyat untuk divisualkan sebagai karakter penting dalam filem Upin dan Ipin Keris Siamang Tunggal serta proses pengolahan kreatif bagi setiap kostum karakter cerita rakyat. Kajian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif yang melibatkan pendekatan temu bual bersama krew produksi Les Copaque untuk membangunkan Kerangka Relevansi Simbolisme Kostum Karakter (KRSKK) serta memahami secara perlambangan dan makna yang diterjemahkan melalui rekaan kostum dalam animasi ini. Selain itu, pengkaji .....

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The evolution of interactive films marks a transformative shift in cinematic storytelling, blending traditional narratives with game-like interactivity to develop deeper audience engagement. This research investigates the key elements of interactive films and their potential influence on audience experience. By using Netflix_s interactive film We Lost Our Human as a case study, this study aims to identify unique characteristics of interactive films, analyze the impact of interactivity on audience engagement, and propose best practices for creating interactive content. A qualitative methodology was adopted, utilizing two research methods: (1) Focus Group Interviews and (2) Expert Interviews. The feedback and data obtained from these interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, leading to the identification of core elements of interactive films. Findings shows three core elements, which is that compelling narratives, meaningful choices, and seamless integration of interactivity are .....

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In the teaching and learning of Malay language in schools, writing essays is an important component. In this study, six samples of good essays have been selected for analysis. Samples consist of students in Form 2 from a school Malaysia. Hermeneutics Pedagogical method is used to analyze student essays to identify styles of cognition and affection involved in essay writings. The results of hermeneutics pedagogy method give interpretations through style interpretation of cognition and affection experienced by students in the subconscious and conscious mind during essay writing. Results show that the students will be able to extract information and past experiences of long-term memory and short term memory assisted through the style of cognition and affection. Students then apply the elements of emotions or feelings to enable them to produce good passages. Keywords: Cognition, affection, hermeneutic pedagogic method..

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The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of distinct motivationally-based instructional approaches on student_s game performance and involvement. 78 secondary physical education students were taught a unit of volleyball using one in either an autonomy-supportive, controlling or balanced instructional style. Using a pretest and posttest design, students were measured on their game performance and involvement during 20-minute game of volleyball. Data analysis indicated that students engaged in the autonomy-supportive context illustrated significantly higher levels of performance and involvement when compared with the other groups. Keywords: Game Performance; Self-Determination Theory; Motivation..

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The research reported here investigates variation in beginning teachers_ early experiences of their own teaching competency. A phenomenographic research approach was used to show the qualitatively different ways teacher competence was understood amongst beginning teachers in Malaysia. Phenomenographic interviews were conducted with 18 beginning teachers who had started full time teaching for between 1-3 years. Analysis revealed that beginning teachers _saw_, _understood_ the conceptions of competency in five different ways: i) the ability to manage classroom and student behavior, ii) a strong knowledge of the subject content, iii) the ability to reach out for assistance and support, iv) understanding the students they teach, and v) possessing values of professionalism. The relationships between these different ways are represented diagrammatically. This investigation gives an insider_s perspective a strong voice of what constitutes teacher competence, as well as illustrates that if tea.....

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Inspired by positive results of Problem Based Learning (PBL) implementation within an array of disciplines, PBL was also implemented in teacher education fields since 1980_s. Since then, the literature of PBL implementation and its impact teacher education have been growing. However, there was no review work reported to conclude on how PBL impact specific learning outcomes in teacher education. Hence the aim of the paper was to review the research evidences concerning the impact of PBL implementation focusing on pre-service teachers_ knowledge and skills. Resources (journal articles and paper proceedings) were obtained from bibliographic databases and key research journals. The resources were chosen based on specific inclusion criteria, followed by a common review framework to ensure commonality and comprehensiveness during the review. The review works concluded that a PBL experience within teacher education provided opportunities for pre-service teachers to simultaneously acquire know.....

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