The thesis comprises three essays, all of which are empirical studies of different issues on_ exchange rates. Implementing advanced econometrics methodologies with monthly time series data,_ these studies focus on macroeconomic determinants to measure the relationships within the_ variables. The first essay (Chapter Two) re-examines the robustness of the export-led growth_ hypothesis across the exchange rate regimes in Malaysia. According to the exchange rate regime_ history, Malaysia experienced three different exchange rate mechanisms from 1990 to 20l0._ Generally, the results vary across the time and regimes. Specifically, the study suggests_ bi-directional and/or unidirectional causality between exports and economic growth across the_ regimes, both in the short-run and long-run. The second essay (Chapter Three) tries to bridge the_ gap between the exchange rate issues by investigating the impact exchange rate exposure on sector_ level in Malaysia from October, 1992 to December, 201.....

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Leadership Style and Organizational Commitment at a Public University in Malaysia. Rusliza Yahaya,_ 2012: Applied Dissertation, Nova Southeastern University, Abraham S. Fischler School of Education._ ERIC Descriptors: Leadership, Transfonnational Leadership, Leadership Effectiveness, Leadership_ Styles This applied dissertation was designed to investigate the impact of leadership styles on leadership_ outcome variables (extra effort, leadership effectiveness, and satisfaction with leadership) and_ organizational commitment among faculty members in a public university in Malaysia. The study_ utilized the Organizational Commitment Questionnaires developed by Mowday, Steers, and Porter_ (1979) and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaires Form 5X Short developed by Bass and Avolio_ (2004). The population of this study consisted of 78 full-time faculty members from the Faculty of Management and Economics. The study found that the most exhibited leadership behavior was transformational lead.....

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The development of technologies for preventing drowsiness at the wheel is a major challenge in the_ field of accident avoidance systems. Preventing drowsiness during driving requires a method for_ accurately detecting a decline in driver alertness and a method for alerting and refreshing the_ driver. As a detection method, the authors have developed a system that uses image processing_ technology to analyse images of the road lane with a video camera integrated with steering wheel_ angle data collection from a car simulation system. The main contribution of this study is a novel_ algorithm_ for drowsiness detection and tracking, which is based on the incorporation of_ information from a road vision system and vehicle performance parameters. Refinement of the_ algorithm is more precisely detected the level of drowsiness by the implementation of a support_ vector machine classification for robust and accurate drowsiness warning system. The Support Vector_ Machine (SYM) classification tec.....

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The torsion free crystallographic groups are called Bieberbach groups. These groups are extensions  of a finite point group and a free abelian group of finite rank. The rank of the free abelian group  is the dimension of Bieberbach group. In this research, Bieberbach groups with cyclic point group  of order two and Bieberbach groups with the elementary abelian 2-group C₁ x C₁ as the point group  are also considered. These groups are polycyclic since they are extensions of polycyclic groups. Using computational methods  developed before for polycyclic groups, the nonabelian tensor squares for these Bieberbach groups  are determined. The formulas for the nonabelian tensor squares of four Bieberbach groups with  cyclic point group of order two and two Bieberbach groups with the elementary abelian 2-group C₁ x  C₂ as the point group are given. For the abelian nonabelian tensor square, the formula obtained can be extended to calculate the nonabelian tensor  squar.....

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Excessive growth of cyanobacteria, commonly known as cyanobacterial blooms, appear to be increasing_ in magnitude and frequency worldwide, thus posing a serious threat to the safety and security of_ water resources. With the increasing global water stress, there is a need for effective management_ of cyanobacterial blooms in water bodies. So far, it has been a great challenge to mitigate and_ assess public health risks associated with cyanobacterial blooms due to difficulty in predicting_ the level of cyanobacterial biomass and microcystin concentrations in water bodies. Moreover, the_ effectiveness of the current bloom prevention and risk assessment strategies depend upon the_ understanding of the dynamics of cyanobacteria and microcystin under natural conditions. Thus, this_ research aims to: i) assess the variability of the relationship between cyanobacterial biomass and_ microcystin concentration, which is currently used to assess the risk to human and ecosystems_ health; ii) deter.....

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Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thiols, dithiols, or other bonding moieties are attractive   molecular  systems  with  expected  applications  in  novel  areas  such  as molecular electronics,  biotechnology and chemical and bio-sensing. With two thiol or two dicarboxylic acid moieties, with  aromatic and/or aliphatic backbone structures, these molecules have the ability to connect two  metal electrodes, and have been chosen for this fundamental work on molecular wires. Our work was first concerned with a study of the morphology and structure of self-assembled  monolayers of such molecules on Au(l 11), at low and at high molecular coverage. We used scanning  tunneling microscopy (STM) to investigate the self-assembly of two prototypic symmetric dithiols  (1,6-hexanedithiol and biphenyl-4,4'-dimethanethiol) from dilute aqueous solutions and were able to  correlate their growth with the deconstruction of the Au(111) herringbone pattern known to produce  a.....

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Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) is a promising technology for improving speed management and road safety. Despite its potential benefits, there is limited research on public perception and acceptance of ISA in Malaysia. This study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional framework and a tool constructed based on the available literature. Using an online survey of 776 respondents, this study explored how Malaysian drivers perceive and accept the ISA system as well as their level of knowledge about it. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS software to explore the data distribution and profile. The findings revealed that most respondents lacked knowledge and awareness about ISA, including their purpose to counter speeding (79.9%). Only 8.1% had a vehicle equipped with an ISA system, and 54.4% used navigation systems on their mobile phones. Most respondents were unsure about the impact of ISA on reducing vehicle emissions and enhancing fuel efficiency. Among the four types of .....

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