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2081

Graphene oxide-based electrodes with constant magnetic field-assisted electrodeposition system to raising the efficient of Cu2+ removal

Fanny, Kho Chee Yuet

Abstract

In this work higher Cu2+ removal efficiency was achieved by graphene oxide GO-based electrode with the constant magnetic field (CMF)-assisted electrodeposition system. The GO was initially synthesized by the electrochemical exfoliation method in the electrolyte containing custom-made surfactant. The as-prepared GO solution was then spray coated on the pre-heated stainless steel-cathode before annealed at 400°C for 1 hour. GO-based electrode with CMF-assisted electrodeposition system was successful removed 89.1% of Cu2+ from aqueous solutions as compared to the electrode without GO of only 75.5% of Cu2+ removal within a fixed 3 hours’ time. The efficient of Cu2+ removal by GO-based electrode was believed due to the high specific surface area of GO that increases the accommodation of the active species (Cu2+) at the electrode surfaces. In the meantime, it was found that the presence of CMF of 23 Gauss parallel to cathode surfaces enhances the convection and mass transport of Cu2+ char.....

Article Published 2024 532 hits Available

2082

2-Axis controlled spray pyrolysis deposition device for Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)

Suriani Abu Bakar

Abstract

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based photovoltaic systems due to their efficient light-to-electricity conversion. A critical component of DSSCs is titanium dioxide (TiO2), responsible for converting light into electrical energy. Spray pyrolysis was one of the methods for fabricating TiO2 thin films. However, there are several drawbacks, such as challenges in particle size control, maintaining homogeneity of the thin film, and scalability issues during the deposition process. Modifications to the manufacturing process are necessary to achieve optimal performance in DSSCs, particularly with the thickness of the cell. This work focuses on the 2-axis spray pyrolysis process, a cost-effective way to create thin and thick films. In particular, it focuses on TiO2 thin films utilized as working electrodes in DSSC applications. The method was performed at different motor speeds, namely MS80, MS100, and MS120. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spe.....

Article Published 2024 586 hits Available

2083

An explainable deep learning approach for classifying monkeypox disease by leveraging skin lesion image data

Miftachul Huda

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization's (WHO) external situation report on the multi-country outbreak of Monkeypox in 2023, from 11 countries in Southeast Asia Regions, Thailand recorded the highest reported cases, totaling 461. The ongoing Monkeypox outbreak has raised significant public health concerns due to its rapid spread across several nations. Early detection and diagnosis are imperative for effectively treating and controlling Monkeypox. Given this context, this study aimed to determine the most efficient model for detecting Monkeypox by employing interpretable deep learning techniques. This study utilizes deep learning techniques to diagnose Monkeypox based on images of skin lesions. We evaluate based on four models— convolutional neural network (CNN), gated recurrent unit (GRU), long short-term memory (LSTM), and bidirectional long short term memory (BiLSTM)—using a publicly available dataset. Additionally, we incorporate Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanati.....

Article Published 2024 326 hits Available

2084

Modelling for climate adaptation in urban drain design with orifice flow restrictor

Wong, Yoke Seng

Abstract

Due to the increasing stormwater runoff in urban areas, stormwater infrastructure requires modification to address the flash flooding issues. Occurrences of floodwater overflowing the urban drain have urged drainage engineers to re-look its design. Conventionally, the urban drain is designed to free flow following the provided drain slope. This paper is challenging the old design by introducing orifices into the drain. The lesser-known stormwater characteristics restricted by orifices in open drains were investigated. In this case, twenty-four units of terrace houses were selected as the study area with special attention to the 170 m front drain with a dimension of 0.5 m x 0.55 m. The drain was inserted with one to three orifices of 0.45 m diameter separating the drain into one or more compartments. Three scenarios were formulated, namely S1 with one orifice plate at 170 m, S2 with two orifice plates at 86 and 170 m, and S3 with three orifices at 50, 110 and 170 m, from the starting po.....

Article Published 2024 525 hits Available

2085

Evaluating agriculture 4.0 decision support systems based on hyperbolic fuzzy-weighted zero-inconsistency combined with combinative distance-based assessment

Garfan, Salem Abdullah

Abstract

Agriculture 4.0 plays a crucial role in shaping sustainable cities and societies by revolutionizing urban food systems. By incorporating advanced technologies like precision farming, vertical gardening, and data analytics, Agriculture 4.0 improves local food production, reduces food transportation, and optimizes resource utilization. This paper introduces an innovative approach using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) to assess Agriculture 4.0 Decision Support Systems (ADSS), contributing significantly to the selection of optimal systems that can drive sustainability in smart agriculture. The novelty of this research lies in developing a comprehensive evaluation framework that extends the hyperbolic fuzzy-weighted zero-inconsistency method for criteria weighting, combined with the combinative distance-based assessment method for benchmarking ADSS. The assessment matrix evaluates 13 ADSS across eight key criteria, including “accessibility,” “re-planning,” “expert knowledge,.....

Article Published 2024 395 hits Available

2086

Instructional leadership and teacher self-efficacy on job satisfaction: The mediating effect of school climate in Indonesian Islamic senior high schools

Mohd Afifi Bahurudin Setambah

Abstract

This study explores the impact of instructional leadership and teacher self-efficacy on job satisfaction among teachers in Indonesian Islamic Senior High Schools (Madrasah Aliyah), focusing on the mediating role of school climate. Instructional leadership plays a crucial role in shaping a positive school environment, which can enhance teacher job satisfaction by providing necessary guidance, resources, and support. A mixed-method approach was employed, with data collected from 219 teachers using validated survey instruments. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to ensure instrument reliability. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess relationships between variables and the mediating effect of school climate. The results show that instructional leadership significantly impacts both school climate and teacher job satisfaction, with path coefficient values of .463 and .818, respectively. However, school climate did not .....

Article Published 2024 947 hits Available

2087

Jakarta and greater Kuala Lumpur Urban heat island during the pandemic of covid-19

Mohd Hairy Ibrahim

Abstract

The Covid-19 outbreak rapidly became a global pandemic in December 2019, spreading through droplets, direct contact, and possibly airborne transmission. Southeast Asian nations like Malaysia and Indonesia experienced delayed outbreaks but saw a surge in cases. Analysing Covid-19 spatial patterns, especially concerning temperature and humidity, provides valuable insights. Utilizing remote sensing, allows studying the correlation between temperature conditions and Covid-19 outbreak patterns. This study focuses on investigating the impact of urban heat islands (UHIs) on Covid-19 outbreaks in Jakarta and Greater Kuala Lumpur, given their significant caseloads in Indonesia and Malaysia, respectively. The research integrates remote sensing, secondary data, and statistical analysis methods. Remote sensing was used to acquire land surface temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The analysis revealed that industrial and commercial areas were hotter than others durin.....

Article Published 2024 539 hits Available

2088

Spatial-temporal distribution and vulnerability level of tidal flooding in the coastal city of semarang

Hanifah Mahat

Abstract

As a city located in the northern coast of Central Java, Semarang continuously faces serious challenges related to annual tidal flooding. This research specifically examines the multi-temporal distribution of tidal floods in the 2020-2024 time span. Using the Change Detection method on Sentinel-1 SAR satellite imagery, the distribution of tidal flooding during this period was determined. The data obtained was then further processed with overlay techniques to produce more detailed information. This technique allows for mapping areas with different levels of tidal flood vulnerability, and the overlay results were used as one of the parameters in the Composite Mapping Analysis (CMA) method, which integrates various related parameters. The results point out that the coastal areas of Semarang City, including the sub-districts of Tugu, West Semarang, North Semarang, East Semarang, Gayamsari, and Genuk, are dominated by high vulnerability levels. These areas have a high vulnerability percenta.....

Article Published 2024 394 hits Available

2089

The relationship between learning-centred leadership and professional learning community: Evidence from Malaysia

Omar, Emeritus Abdull Kareem

Abstract

The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between Learning-Centred Leadership (LCL) and Professional Learning Community (PLC) in Malaysian secondary schools. By employing disproportionate stratified sampling, a total of 811 schoolteachers completed the survey. The results revealed that: i) the relationship between LCL and PLC is significant and positive; ii) the correlation between LCL and PLC is strong whereby LCL contributed 54.8% the total variation of PLC; iii) Builds a Learning Vision, Provides Learning Support, Manages the Learning Programme and Modelling are predictors of LCL and iv) Manages the Learning Programme contributed the most to PLC, followed by Modelling, Builds a Learning Vision and Provides Learning Support. The study uncovers the fact that LCL is a good predictor of PLC. It offers local and international practitioners another dimension about educational leadership that LCL is an effective leadership style that can gauge improvement in enhancing .....

Article Published 2024 545 hits Available

2090

Improved low concentration water content detection in biodiesel utilizing phase shift-based capacitive method

Azmi Mohamed

Abstract

Biodiesel has become an alternative fuel to substitute conventional fuel, yet challenges remain, particularly concerning water content. The presence of water in biodiesel can negatively impact engine spray and combustion properties and may lead to damage storage tanks. To address this issue, a phase-shift-based capacitive sensor was developed in this study to accurately measure water concentration in biodiesel. The sensor, designed with a semicylindrical electrode on a glass tube, is integrated with a signal conditioning circuit and the Digilent Analog Discovery module, allowing for real-time data analysis and enhanced sensitivity in detecting low concentrations of water concentration in biodiesel. The experimental results demonstrated a direct correlation between capacitance values and phase shift, with higher capacitance leading to more significant phase shifts. A Bode plot and simulation analysis, utilizing the transfer function, validated these experimental conditions, confirming t.....

Article Published 2024 582 hits Available

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