Implementing the Common European Framework or CEFR in English as a Second Language learning in the Malaysian education system is the focus of this paper. CEFR is a generally established international standard for depicting language proficiency. It is also extensively recognised in Europe and is becoming more widely accepted globally; it is now incorporated into the Malaysian education system. The CEFR provides thorough descriptions of what foreign or second language learners can perform in listening, speaking, reading, and writing at six proficiency levels. Thus the methodology used in this paper is qualitative through review documents specifically on past studies from 2015 to 2021 highlighting CEFR implementation. This study aims to answer two research questions; what are the importance of implementation of CEFR in the Malaysian ESL classroom, and how CEFR can be implemented in classroom assessment in the Malaysian ESL classroom. The findings related to the first aim indicate that the.....

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Within the purview of educational settings, students possess some unique traits which make them react in an unexpected manner to the learning environment. Students are not only unique in terms of personality characteristics, family background, age and gender, they also showed diverse states of mind and enthusiastic reactions to the environment. Therefore, this study modelled the Big Five personality traits and academic achievement of students in Lagos State, Nigeria. A non-experimental design of scale development research type was adopted. A sample of 480 senior secondary school III students selected through multi-stage sampling procedure across the education districts 2 of Lagos State. Student’s Personality Traits Scale (SPTS) and Physics Achievement Test (PAT) were deployed to capture the needed data after subjecting them to exploratory factor analysis using the psych package implemented in R programming language and item calibration of Item Response Theory. Data were analysed usin.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis perkembangan penanaman koko di Pahang Barat antara tahun 1930 - 1957. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk analisis dokumen dan manuskrip digunakan dalam kajian ini. Sumber utama diperolehi dari Arkib Negara Malaysia dengan merujuk fail-fail kolonial British seperti Pahang Annual Report, District Office Files, Secretariat Files of Pahang dan fail-fail kerajaan Pahang manakala sumber sekunder pula adalah dikumpul daripada jurnal, buku dan majalah koko. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan pengenalan tanaman koko di Pahang Barat oleh pihak British disebabkan faktor kesesuaian tanah, keluasan daan iklim yang sesuai dengan tanaman koko. Pelbagai dasar dan insentif telah dilaksanakan oleh pihak British untuk menarik minat petani terlibat dengan penanaman koko di Pahang Barat. Penglibatan masyarakat tempatan dalam penanaman koko di Pahang Barat telah menyebabkan tanaman ini berjaya dimajukan dan menyumbang kepada pendapatan negeri Pahang pada era ko.....

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The present study was an attempt to assess, diagnose, and enhance the listening skill of Iranian TOEFL iBT candidates through Group Dynamic Assessment (G-DA). An interactionist format of dynamic assessment was conducted in the present study. Twenty participants took part in the G-DA program which lasted for nine weeks; one week for the pre-test; seven weeks for the enrichment mediation program; and one week for the post-test. The study revealed a significant difference between the participants’ pre-test (non-dynamic) and post-test (dynamic) scores. The learning potential score (LPS) differentiated among the learners with similar pre-test scores. Finally, the analysis of the participants’ interactions with the mediator along with the LPS score helped the mediator to have a thorough diagnosis of each participant’s weaknesses regarding different sub-skills included in the listening section of the TOEFL iBT test. Consequently, the mediator was able to develop more fine-tuned individu.....

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This study aims to reveal the experiences and obstacles on distance education faced by students during the Covid-19 pandemic in Bauchi State Nigeria. A phenomenological research was adopted for the study through shorter case interview. Ten (10) senior secondary school students were selected through purposeful and snow-ball sampling for the study. Thematic analysis was used to synthesize the data collected and highlight key findings. The results indicate that the students views were categorized into positive and negative while the obstacles faced were technical, pedagogical, environment and longing for school. Recommendations were offered to overcome and understand these obstacles to benefit teachers, students and curriculum developers in the future.  ..

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Open Distance Education (ODE) in the Philippines was institutionalized through Republic Act Number 10650. Ifugao State University started offering distance education in the graduate programs in 2006. The study focused to determine the experiences and challenges of the graduates of the university’s ODE program, and how they hurdled the challenges they encountered as students. The phenomenological method was applied with an unstructured interview guide as a way of gathering data. Follow up questions were asked through online communication among the participants until data saturation. There were 11 graduates coming from Africa, Lao PDR, Ireland, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, United States of America and Vietnam who participated in the study. Data gathered were analyzed and interpreted. Results disclosed that the graduates experienced a very well-designed, learner-centered, research-based, and relevant curricular programs; the instructional delivery mode was innovative, learner-orient.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membina instrumen hubungan tingkah laku dan persekitaran ke atas peratus lemak tubuh dalam kalangan murid perempuan sekolah rendah 10 dan 11 tahun di daerah Hulu Langat, Selangor. Kajian ini dijalankan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah rekabentuk korelasi. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai n=250 orang murid perempuan sekolah rendah yang dipilih dengan menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak gabungan (mudah, berlapis dan sistematik). Kajian telah dijalankan dalam tiga fasa iaitu fasa pertama untuk membangunkan instrumen dan mendapatkan kesahan kandungan daripada pakar bahasa dan pakar bidang, fasa kedua pula adalah kajian rintis bagi mendapatkan kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan item instrumen soal selidik. Manakala bagi fasa ketiga merupakan kajian sebenar yang dijalankan dalam kajian ini. Instrumen di dalam kajian ini menggunakan instrumen soal selidik tingkahlaku dan persekitaran sebanyak 45 item soalan. Instrumen soal selidik mempunyai dua gagas.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara pengupayaan guru dan efikasi kendiri guru di sekolah rendah Daerah Hulu Selangor. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah tinjauan telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik. Seramai 152 orang guru telah dipilih melalui kaedah pensampelan rawak mudah yang terdiri daripada guru di 11 buah sekolah rendah di daerah Hulu Selangor. Data yang telah dikumpul, dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensi. Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menjelaskan tahap pengupayaan guru dan efikasi kendiri guru. Analisis inferensi pula adalah ujian-t dan korelasi Pearson yang digunakan untuk menerangkan perbezaan serta hubungan antara pemboleh ubah kajian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap pengupayaan guru (Min = 3.71, SP = .380) dan efikasi kendiri guru (Min = 3.78, SP = .408) adalah pada tahap tinggi. Keputusan ujian-t menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan pandangan.....

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Language proficiency tests have adopted various types of items which include multiple-choice questions (MCQ). Designing MCQ needs a longer time to be completed despite being perceived as easy to administer and mark. After the administration and marking process are completed, the test needs to be analysed to determine the index of facility, discrimination power and distractor efficiency. This study aimed to scrutinise those indices and determine if there is an association between the indices with the functionality of the distractors in an intermediate English Proficiency course final examination paper. With the use of QUEST software, the data were computed to get the difficulty and discrimination indices, and distractor efficiency.The finding showed that there is no clear association between facility and discrimination indices with the distractor efficiency. This study found that certain items had acceptable indices despite having poor or non-functional distractor and certain items had .....

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The sound knowledge of Biology is, to date, is a strong prerequisite to study many Biological and Life Sciences, examples of which include Physiology, Forensic Science, Pharmacy, Medicine, Nursing, Biochemistry, to mention a few. These fields, amongst others, rely on a very important aspect of Biology known as Genetics, which is the study of heredity and variation in living organisms. The field of Genetics intersects with many other life sciences. However, students’ attempts of questions on Genetics in internal and external examinations in senior secondary schools in Nigeria have been very poor over the years because they find the concepts of Genetics hard to understand. The need, therefore, arises to look for ways of dealing with this prolonged problem. This study, therefore, attempted to develop an institutional package and also surveyed the extent to which it is adequate for instructional delivery. The Instrumentation design describes the processes of package development based on .....

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