The  mature  landfill  leachate  is  characterized   by  high-strength   ammonium,  which leads to  difficulties in reducing  the ammonium concentration in the wastewater discharge to the permissible   limit  (10 mg/L)  using the existing  biological  treatment  of sequencing batch  reactors   (SBRs).  The  challenge  of  the  nitrogen  removal  via  nitrification  of  high­ strength   ammonium  landfill  leachate  is  substrate  inhibition,  particularly  in  the  form  of free   ammonia  (FA)  and  free  nitrous  acid  (FNA)  in  ammonia-oxidizing  bacteria  (AOB) and  nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The problem is more severe, as 43% of the landfills are  not   well  designed   and   not  properly  equipped   with  leachate  control   mechanism facilities.    In  particular,   this  type  of  landfill   exposed   the  river  water  to  the  risk  of  ammonium  contamination  fr.....

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Tingkah laku beretika amat penting dalam perkhidmatan kaunseling yang dijalankan oleh kaunselor. Pengetahuan etika, kepercayaan etika dan orientasi prinsip etika memberi kesan kepada tingkah laku beretika kaunselor ketika menjalankan perkhidmatan kaunseling. Kajian ini mengkaji pengaruh antara pengetahuan etika, kepercayaan etika, orientasi prinsip etika dan tingkah laku beretika kaunselor di Malaysia. Kajian ini juga turut melihat perbezaan antara kaunselor berdaftar dan kaunselor tidak berdaftar dalam aspek pengetahuan etika, kepercayaan etika, orientasi prinsip etika dan tingkah laku beretika kaunselor di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian korelasi. Sampel kajian adalah kaunselor berdaftar dan kaunselor tidak berdaftar yang melibatkan seramai 355 kaunselor di seluruh Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan persampelan rawak mudah. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Ethics and Legal Issues in Counselling QuestionnaireRevised (ELICQ-R) untuk mengukur pengetahuan eti.....

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In this study, pre-service teaching refers to teaching English as a second language (TESL) to Malaysian students whose first language is not English. TESL prepares English-language learners to become future teachers of English as a second language. To date, no multi-criteria framework has been developed to evaluate and select the skills of pre-service teachers. This study presents a new framework to assess and rank the English skills of pre-service teachers on the basis of fuzzy Delphi and multi-criteria analysis. Three experiments were conducted. Firstly, criteria were identified from the literature review and the opinions of representative experts via the Delphi method. Secondly, 31 pre-service teachers were evaluated to determine the skills of pre-service teachers on the basis of Delphi criteria outcomes. English proficiency was tested through the English Language Testing Service and four language skill examinations. Each examination was evaluated by experts with vast experience in .....

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Medical institutions face serious problems, such as growing elderly population and lack of doctors. Telemedicine and remote health monitoring system (RHMS) intend to tackle these problems by slightly shortening hospital stays. RHMS reduces the burden on patients with primary care and improves communication among different health units to reduce the burden on emergency departments. Several healthcare studies have attempted to replace hospital visits with RHMS to deliver triage and prioritisation for patients because of considerable advances in wireless information communication and signal-processing technology. The process of medical triage determines the severity of a patient’s situation, whilst prioritisation is carried out to provide healthcare services for patients in due course to save their lives. An essential investigation is required to highlight the drawbacks of the current situation of patient triage and prioritisation over telemedicine environment. In this paper, a systemat.....

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Remotely monitoring a patient’s condition is a serious issue and must be addressed. Remote health monitoring systems (RHMS) in telemedicine refers to resources, strategies, methods and installations that enable doctors or other medical professionals to work remotely to consult, diagnose and treat patients. The goal of RHMS is to provide timely medical services at remote areas through telecommunication technologies. Through major advancements in technology, particularly in wireless networking, cloud computing and data storage, RHMS is becoming a feasible aspect of modern medicine. RHMS for the prioritisation of patients with multiple chronic diseases (MCDs) plays an important role in sustainably providing high-quality healthcare services. Further investigations are required to highlight the limitations of the prioritisation of patients with MCDs over a telemedicine environment. This study introduces a comprehensive and inclusive review on the prioritisation of patients with MCDs in te.....

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This study aimed to develop a new methodology for evaluating and benchmarking a multi-agent learning neural network and Bayesian model for real-time skin detectors based on Internet of things (IoT) by using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). The novelty of this work is in the use of an evaluation matrix for the performance evaluation of real-time skin detectors that are based on IoT. Nevertheless, an issue with the performance evaluation of real-time skin detector approaches is the determination of sensible criteria for performance metrics and the trade-off amongst them on the basis of different colour spaces. An experiment was conducted on the basis of three phases. In the first phase, a real-time camera based on cloud IoT was used to gather different caption images. The second phase could be divided into two stages. In the first stage, a skin detection approach was developed by applying multi-agent learning based on different colour spaces. This stage aimed to create a decision m.....

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Physalis is a member of the Solanaceae family and it is abundantly found growing as weeds in Malaysia. This plant reported to have various antioxidants, antimicrobials and anticancer compounds such as physalin Band F which have great potential for tumors treatment. However, due to its classification as weed, little attention is given. There is a lack of information on genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship including genetics distance to the other member of Solanaceae family. A germplasm collection consisted of 130 samples representing 19 accessions from 11 states of Peninsular Malaysia was established. Physalis minima was found growing under various environmental conditions including at farm, plantation area (especially of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)), thus proving its high adaptability to a wide variety of ecological niches in Peninsular Malaysia. The genetic diversity of the germplasm collection was estimated using 42 qualitative and quantitative morphological c.....

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Ahmad,  KB.  (2002) An Overview of Architecture Education  in the Contemporary  Muslim World.  In:  Petruccioli, A  & Pirani,  KK,   2002. Understanding  Islamic Architecture,  Oxon: RutledgeCurzon,  pp. 129-132.   Akib,   M.S.,Yaacob,   A,Jusoh,W.J.And   Ibrahim,S .(2000)  Muzium-muzium   di   Kelantan.  Malaysia. Perbadanan Muzium Negeri Kelantan.   Andaya,  L.Y.(2001)  The  Search  for  the  ' Origins '  of  Melayu.  Journal  of  Southeast  Asian  Studiest, 32(3), 315-330   Antrop,  M.  (2004)    Rural-urban  Conflicts  and  Opportunities.    The  Dimensions  of  the  European Landscape, 83-91   Antrop,  M.  (2005)  Why  landscapes  of  the  past  are  important  for  the  future.  Landscape  Urban Planning. 70 (l-2), 21-34   Ardalan,  N.(2002)  "Simultaneous  Perplexi ty":  The  Paradise  Garden  as  the  Quintessential  Visual  Paradigm  of Islamic  Architecture  and  Beyond .  I.....

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Due to the scale of recent development and rapid urbanisation in Kelantan, Malaysia, there is a general lack of understanding and appreciation of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. This PhD research was undertaken in order to identify the characteristics and identity of the Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. Through this improved understanding, it is hoped to better respect the heritage in contemporary planning and landscape design. The investigation highlights the authentic traditional elements that the inherited landscape can offer to contemporary planners, landscape architects, and municipal administrators in order to preserve the integrity and the beauty of the Kelantan Malay landscape. The search for the Kelantan Malay regional identity is quite a complicated endeavour both because of the diverse causes of change, and the difficulties in obtaining references and documentation about the; Kelantan Malay cultural landscape. There is an urgent and imperative task to sec.....

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Dalam  pembelajaran  gitar  jaz,  selain  penguasaan  terhadap  alat  muzik,  pengetahuan terhadap  harmoni jaz sangat diperlukan. Ini kerana pengetahuan harmoni ini bukan saja dapat   membantu    dalam   melakukan   improvisasi,   ia   boleh   digunakan   dalam menghasilkan gubahan semula dalam  bentuk kord melodi. Sebab itu wujudnya banyak buku panduan atau buku metod gitar jaz dalam pasaran  global. Malahan pembelajaran gitar jaz di Malaysia juga banyak menumpukan pembelajaran teknik  pengharmonian menggunakan repertoir barat yang dikenali sebagai standard jaz, sedangkan pendidikan  muzik  di  Malaysia  seharusnya  mengangkat  repertoir  muzik  tradisional  tempatan. Hasilnya,  repertoir tradisional kekal seperti dahulukala. Keadaan ini juga disebabkan dogma  yang  tertanam   dalam  kalangan  pengiat  muzik  tradisional  yang  risau  akan kehilangan  nilai  autentik  dalam   sesebuah  muzik  tradisional  itu.  Impli.....

2480 hits