This study aims to develop and evaluate the impact of HOTS-PBL module which employed Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) among form two students. Quantitative approach with true experimental design was used in the study, the subjects were divided into 30 students for the treatment and control groups equally. Two types of instrument used were HOTS-PBL module and HOTS test for maintenance and continuity of life theme. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis. The result indicated that there was an increment in HOTS level for treatment group compare to control group. As a conclusion PBM-SC2 module has the ability to improve the student’s level of HOTS in learning and teaching science.  ..

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In this study, virgin coconut oil (VCO)-based  lamellar liquid crystal (LLC) systems was formulated from single and mixed surfactants system of  Brij30/H2O/VCO and Tween 60:Brij30/H2O/VCO,  respectively using trial and error method with  fixed composition. The study incorporated lycopene, as an additive compound into the formulated  VCO-based LLC (V-L?) with varying percentages of  lycopene in VCO phase prior to mixing all the  ingredients in a desired composition. The purpose  of this study was to determine the best V- L? system  for use as a platform that can accommodate optimum lycopene. Physicochemical characterisation of the  systems was performed by optical polarising  microscopy (OPM), small-angle X-ray scattering  (SAXS) and rheological profile analysis. The OPM and SAXS results showed that both systems were capable  of accommodating lycopene up to 70 wt%. Optical  polarising microscope study showed that the lamellar  texture of both systems remained even in the .....

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The surface modification technique has been reckoned as a potential approach in addressing and improving several properties in materials, such as chemical and phase compositions, thickness, morphology, and structure. Thermal oxidation treatment in air is a modification technique that has been widely applied, mainly because it is low in cost and it can easily enhance the properties by influencing both the structure and the properties of the material surface layer. As such, this paper looked into the technique of thermal oxidation treatment to enhance the aspects of wear and corrosion resistance against titanium-based alloy (Ti-based alloy) for biomedical application, such as for surgical implants. Ti and its alloys appear to be the most suitable materials for implants due to their low wear and corrosion resistance characteristics in body fluid, thus resulting in the release of non-compatible metal ions by the implants into the human body. Hence, treatment parameters should be weighed in.....

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Preventing corrosion in bio implant is essential in overcoming allergic symptoms and inflammation as a result of biomaterial implants in human body. Upon contact with fluids, such as bloodstream, metal implants turn highly antagonistic, which leads to corrosion. Scientific findings have indicated that implant metals must go through surface modification to create a layer between metal surface and fluidic environment. This method has displayed good anti-corrosion performance. Surface modification is composed of three methods, namely mechanical, chemical, and physical modifications. This paper focuses on the chemical technique, which is the sol-gel dip technique, and thermal oxidation as the intermediate layer between hydroxyapatite (HA) and metal surface. A summary of recent progress related to sol-gel and HA research applications is presented as well. Combination of the two methods hasshown good results in degradation ion activity...

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Pahang Black Sambal is a traditional food derived from the areas around West Pahang namely Kuala Lips, Jerantut and Raub. This black sambal is uses the flavours of the people around West Pahang and has since become more popular throughout Malaysia. This emerging opportunity began to increase the interest of the young locals to empower the making of this type of sambal. Hence, various initiatives provided by the government attracts new entrepreneurs to venture into the Small and Medium Industry (SMI). This study is aimed at innovating the design and development of special machines to enhance the productivity of Pahang Black Sambal, thereby helping existing operators meet the growing demands of customers. The steps taken are target specifications, generate the concept, choose the concept and test the Black Sambal Cooking Machine. Then when the final specification and concepts are chosen, the development of the product can be done...

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Aliran dan  gaya seni barat  meninggalkan pengaruh besarterhadap perkembangan  senirupa Malaysia. Pendokongan terhadap seni tradisi, persoalan identiti, jatidiri budaya dan desakan kemodenanmembuka luas ruang komentarseniberkaitan  pengaruhdalam  tempoh  yang  panjang. Makalahini  adalah sebahagian  dari  siri-siri  komentar seni diusahakan sebagai  inisiatif  untuk  meneliti,memahami dan  membahas kesinambungan isu pengaruh  gaya  barat dalam  sinario  perkembangan  seni  arca  tempatan.  Penulisan  ini  mengkhususkan hanyatiga buah karyaarca oleh Anthony  Lau. Penulisan  ini menggunakankerangka  analisis  formalmelaluikaedah  komparatif danpembacaan ikonografi.  Pembacaan  ikonografi bertujuan  memahamimakna-makna simbolikdan  mengandaikan  keberadaanasimilasi, adaptasi dan aplikasi elemen dan prinsip gaya barat berdasarkanaspek-aspekyang boleh dilihat dan dinilai melalui  karya  tampak.Karya-karya  yang  dipilih  adalah  untuk  perbandinganÂ.....

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The touch of magic in performances is one of the observable ‘wow-factor’ elements through musical theatres. The uniqueness of portraying imagination into reality is a definite difference compared to the other types of theatre performances. The emergence of various Malay musical theatres specifically around the 21st century has displayed variations in their artistic depictions of showmanship following the creator’s understanding and creativity. The showmanship in modern Malay musicals is overshadowed by Western characteristics which is Broadway. The struggle in glorifying Malay musical theatres surprisingly is inclined to follow the pattern shaped by the Westerns as the world’s musical theatres pioneer. This research will disclose the formation of showmanship of Malay musical theatres as the identity of local work of arts based on several samples of staged performances in Istana Budaya, Kuala Lumpur. The questions on identity has become a debatable issue to look at the aspects t.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti kesan kaedah mengajar seperti permainan, buku nombor dan lembaran kerja terhadap  pencapaian  awal matematik  yang  merangkumi  aras  pengetahuan,  kefahaman  dan  aplikasi  dalam kalangan kanak-kanak prasekolah.Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang berbentuk kaedah kuasi experimen.  Kajian  ini  melibatkan  1107  orang  kanak-kanak  prasekolah  sebagai  sampel,  dan  menggunakan instrumenTest of Early  Mathematics Abilityuntuk mengumpul data. Data dianalisis melalui statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensi menggunakan ujian MANCOVA. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tiga kaedah mengajar, iaitu permainan,  buku  nombor  dan  lembaran  kerja  dapat  meningkatkan  pencapaian  awal  matematik  kanak-kanak prasekolah. Namun begitu, pengkaji mendapati kaedah mengajar hanya memberi kesan secara signifikan terhadap kefahaman  dan  analisis  awal  matematik  kanak-kanak  prasekolah.  Selain  itu,  kaedah  .....

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The millennial era of the 21st century has fallen witness to the emergence of popular artistic works that transcend beyond reality marks and serve as a condition of the hyper-reality world. In th is context, this paper work argues that Malay theatre performance is a popular art form that has risen and built its own tendency as a post-modern art product that violates the realism structure boundary and acts as a hyper-reality world. This must have been caused by the Malay theatre direction that comes with recent directors who have the desire to violate this realism structure, in their assertion of new theatre performance forms. Related to this, our current paper work discusses the work directed by Namron entitled ‘Lembu’ and another one by Wan Khairunazwan Rodzy entitled ‘Tepuk Amai-Amai’ that have olated the boundary of the realism structure by forming themselves as hyper reality theatre. Using the non-structured observation method and the application of the hyper semiotics theo.....

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Substantial research compared between specializing and diversifying in a particular sport but few scrutinised across multiple sports. This study examined the developmental pathways taken by individual sport (IS) and team sport (TS) athletes from two Malaysian national sports schools. Student athletes (N=117) aged 16 and above completed the Participation History Questionnaire. Information pertaining to the participant’s main sport and other sports he/she was engaged in was obtained. In comparison with TS athletes,the IS athletes were found to have a significant later start for most of their sport-relatedmilestones (p < 0.05). However, the IS athletes (M = 14.3 y, SD = 1.7) started competing ininternational competitions significantly earlier than the TS athletes (M = 15.3 y, SD = 1.1; p = 0.004, d = -0.72) and only the IS athletes reported competing in the Commonwealth, World and Olympic championships. Interestingly, the IS athletes (M = 2.5 sports, SD = 1.3) participated in significan.....

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