Konsep keindahan dalam kesusasteraan Melayu sering ditanggapi berasaskan kerangka pemikiran estetik Barat. Terdapat juga kerangka teori estetik Melayu seperti Puitika Sastera Melayu oleh Muhammad Haji Salleh dan Rasa-Fenomenologi oleh Sohaimi Abdul Aziz yang boleh digunakan untuk memahami konsep keindahan dalam kesusasteraan Melayu, namun, kedua-dua kerangka teori ini tidak mengambil Islam sebagai asas yang mendasari keindahan, sedangkan kajian terdahulu menunjukkan, bahawa teras utama kesusasteraan Melayu ialah Islam dan jati diri bangsa Melayu itu sendiri. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan pendekatan Estetika Bersepadu dalam analisis puisi Ahmad Kamal Abdullah bagi memahami konsep keindahan bermakna dalam puisi Melayu moden. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, dua objektif ditetapkan iaitu (1) membuktikan kesepaduan aspek stail (gaya bahasa kiasan dan pemikiran) dengan perutusan agama dan (2) mengenalpasti aspek-aspek kontekstual yang berkaitan secara langsung dengan stail.....

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Tujuan projek ini adalah untuk membina dan melaksanakan 'Modul Asas Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Nyanyian Lagu Melayu Asli'. Melalui penghasilan modul ini, guru-guru muzik ataupun individu yang berminat untuk menguasai nyanyian lagu Melayu Asli di peringkat asas, akan dapat memahami sedikit sebanyak perkara penting yang perlu diketahui sebelum mempelajari nyanyian lagu Melayu Asli ini dengan lebih mendalam. Beberapa topik telah dikemukakan agar proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran lebih mudah difahami seperti pengenalan, sejarah asal usul, teks dan pantun, struktur, alat muzik pengiring, penerokaan teknik vokal, latihan pemanasan suara yang bersesuaian, patah lagu dan langkah-langkah as as mempelajari nyanyian lagu Melayu Asli menerusi beberapa buah lagu yang telah dipilih. Notasi dan Cakera Padat nyanyian Allahyarham Rahim Jantan juga turut dilampirkan bersama untuk tujuan rujukan. Dalam masa yang sarna penghasilan produk ini juga dapat menyumbang kepada pengekalan warisan budaya. Pemerh.....

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We can assume that the most important think that any education system in the world could offer to their students is to teach them how to think. This is not to say that technology does not play an important role in education but that it must go hand in hand with the ability to infuse thinking skills so that students can be critical thinkers. In order to be able to compete in the new era, most countries in the world are gearing their educational system towards creating a learning society, as this will develop thinking citizen. The world’s current focus on promoting critical thinking is a collective reaction to a problem that has been developing for some time. Up till now most of us assumed that critical thinking would automatically develop as students acquired knowledge. It would only develop when the correct form of questioning is practiced and asked because, looking at the use of questioning types, it became obvious that the level of critical thinking among our students be it in the .....

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Group Theory is a powerful formal method for analyzing and rationalizing abstract and physical systems. In this research, group theory is used to rationalize the crystallographic point groups. This research focuses on Bieberbach group, that is a torsion free crystallographic group. Rationalizing this Bieberbach group means determining the group theory theories on constructing the group for any point group P, determining the properties of the group and computing the nonabelian tensor square of the group. In determining the theories on constructing the Bieberbach group, n—dimension Bieberbach group with any point group is considered. However, to determine the properties and to compute the nonabelian tensor square of the group, only the centerless Bieberbach group of dimension 4 with dihedral point group of order 8 is focused. Result shows that there exists a Bieberbach group for any point group P if P is finite. Moreover, the Bieberbach group of dimension 4 with dihedral point group of.....

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The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different training program on jumping height. Subjects were selected from students enrolled in the first semester in Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (15 females and 13 males). These subjects were randomly assigned to three training groups. The plyometric group (PT)? weight training group (WT) and complex or ballistic training group (PT). All three groups undertook an 8-weeks training program designed to develop explosive power in the lower extremities. Motor ability that was measured was jumping height using the Kistler Quattro Jump apparatus before and after the training program ended. A oneway ANOVA was used to compare the jumping heights of the subjects. There were no significant differences found in jumping heights among the males for all the training methods practiced for absolute jump height (p> 0.05) and neither there were any significant difference between the female groups...

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Medical tourism is increasingly becoming popular and the competitions are growing among choices for global community. Health tourism is relatively new in Malaysia, however the emergence of this industry was started since the year 1997. One of the earliest forms of health tourism that of visiting mineral or hot springs has also existed in Malaysia for some time. Recently, the development of health tourism has been extended when there are more and more private hospitals and medical centers offering their healthcare services especially in major cities. Therefore, Malaysia is optimistic over the growth prospects on health tourism and it is also included in the Ninth Malaysia Plan (RMK-9) as one of the possible area in generating revenue for the nation economic. Furthermore, other neighbouring countries such as Singapore, Indonesia and Philippine are now actively promoting health tourism, there is a need for Malaysia to be competitive in providing the highest quality for healthcare services.....

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An attempt was made to determine optimum sampling unit of between-palm and within-palm distribution of bagworms and their interspecific association distribution in oil palm using aggregation indices or distribution models. The within-frond distribution of bagworms varied significantly within the oil palm crown. Peak bagworm density was recorded between frond numbers 9 and 19. Through polynomial regression, standardised residual and relative net precision analyses, frond number 17 was established as the representative sampling unit for experimental work, and frond numbers 10-19 should be used when a greater precision is required as in life-table construction. A lack of interspecific association suggested these sampling units to be applicable for single and mixed infestations. Evaluation of between-palm dispersion revealed that Taylor’s Power Law gave a more appropriate fit with highly significant r2 values for all categories of assessment. The bagworms were regularly dispersed in oil .....

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Dalam tempoh 50 tahun yang lalu, perubahan guna tanah dari perlombongan ke pembalakan, pembalakan ke pertanian,, pertanian ke petempatan dan perindustrian serta perubahan tanah pertanian tradisi ke pertanian komoditi telah menimbulkan kesan yang ketara terhadap persekitaran fizikal dan juga manusia teratama di lembangan saliran Pantai Barat, Semenanjung Malaysia. la melibatkan penurunan tahap bekalan air bersih, peningkatan tahap pencemaran air dan peningkatan iklim mikro. Bahagian hulu Lembangan Sungai Bernam juga tertakluk sebagai kawasan tumpuan pembangunan baru di luar Lembah Klang. Kajian terhadap perubahan guna tanah pertanian ke guna tanah lain ke atas jumlah taburan hujan yang direkodkan telah dilakukan. Hasil kajian mendapati purata hujan tahunan bagi tempoh 50 tahun tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang ketara (peningkatan atau penurunan) walaupun pada awal 1990an dan seterusnya berlaku perubahan guna tanah pertanian ke petempatan dan industri. Ini dikaitkan dengan sebahagian besa.....

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Numeracy knowledge is very important to learn from an early stage because of numeracy encompasses identifying numbers, basic computation, measurement, geometry, probability and statistics. Numeracy understanding level model is introduced to determine the level of a student in numeracy. There are four stages that have to be passed by all students to achieve understanding in numeracy, which is the one, de-coding, level two, acquisition of knowledge, level three, application and level four, analysis. Numeracy is a part of mathematics and is closely related to each other. In particular, numeracy is the ability to perform basic mathematical operations and understand simple mathematical ideas and apply knowledge and skills in mathematics in everyday life. Numeracy understanding determines students’ excellence at a higher level. This is because the basic understandings of numeracy in the classroom makes students are able to apply their knowledge of numeracy in everyday life...

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Students whom are the future leader of the country were assessed to study their behaviour towards Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) recycling. A total of 302 form three students were randomly chosen from nine secondary schools in PutraJaya. An instrument namely Students Behaviour on Recycling (SBoR) that consist of Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behaviour control) and Others Determinant Factors (ODF), (awareness, knowledge of issue, motivation, preferences scheme, recycling practice, and situational factors) were administered to the respondents. The data was analysed using descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation, and standard multiple regression. 77.5% and 22.5% of the students possess excellent and good behaviour towards MSW recycling, respectively. There is weak-positive correlation between TPB and students behaviour with r=0.450 (p=0.000), and strong-positive correlation between ODF and students behaviour with r=0.691 (p=0.000). 20.4% of R2 .....

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