The music acquisition and aesthetics of children in two Orang Asli villages, the Mah Meri of_ Kampung Sungai Bumbun, Carey Island, Selangor, and the Semai of Kampung Ulu Geroh, Gopeng has_ shifted from an oral tradition transmitted from ancestral lineages to institutionalized learning_ acquired from a teacher outside the Orang Asli cultural tradition. The interaction of Orang Asli_ children with friends from multicultural backgrounds, exposure to the mass media, and the_ evangelization of religious groups has also increasing dislocated Orang Asli children's music from_ a place-based and ethnic heritage to one of "deterritorialized" space and time. These phenomena_ emerged due to the nation's hegemonic policies of assimilation, development and globalization since_ Independence in 1957. This article discusses the variables that in.fluence and determine the music_ acquisition of Mah Meri and Semai children today. These variables include; issues of identity,_ worldviews and religion, touri.....

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The late twentieth century has witnessed a growing emphasis on multicultural music education._ However, as non-Western musics are often incompatible with classical music notation, some fear that_ this will adversely affect the time spent on teaching basic music concepts. At the same time,_ Malaysian music educators are woefully short of teaching materials. This paper introduces several_ folk genres from East Malaysia which offer a unique solution to these two problems. Based on_ research among the Kenyah over the last 15 years and Kadazandusun community from 2007-2009, a_ wealth of repertoire has been found to be applicable to the local music education scene. Malaysian_ music teachers have little access to publications of genuine local folksongs, especially those_ using the pentatonic scale. The music education syllabus also emphasizes local music instruments,_ such as the caklempong and gamelan, which are however, far beyond the budget of many schools,_ similarly, as the sophisticated.....

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The purpose of this study was to explore reasons behind graduates_ decisions to pursue teaching as a career and challenges experienced in a one year post graduate teacher education course (KPLI) in music education at a teacher training institution in Kuala Lumpur. Specific objectives of this study were to determine the pull and push factors that determine why young Malaysian graduates opt to change their career path to teaching at primary schools and how these young Malaysian graduates from various cultural backgrounds and qualifications view their training and face challenges in a one-year music education course. A total of 20 trainee teachers participated in this study. This study comprises two components. The first component consisted of two focus group discussions to bridge social and cultural differences amongst the participants. As a result of this first phase, trainee teachers with specific characteristics were targeted for a follow-up one-to-one interview phase. Interviews prov.....

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This study was carried out to determine the relationship between creativity and musical achievement among music major trainee teachers in a teacher education institution in Kuala Lumpur. Respondents for this survey study comprised 21 final year trainee teachers undergoing the four year Bachelor of Teaching Degree Programme majoring in Music Education. There were 7 males and 14 females. These respondents were the first intake of trainee teachers in this degree program. The mean age of these trainee teachers was 23.14 (SD=0.35). Creativity data was collected through Figural (Form A) of the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT). Musical achievements of trainee teachers were measured using the Musical Achievement Test adapted from Colwell_s Music Achievement Test (1968). The Music Achievement Test consisted of pitch discrimination, interval discrimination, meter discrimination, major-minor mode discrimination, auditory-visual discrimination, and cadence recognition. Results of the stud.....

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Music teachers are often faced with the task of not only teaching the regular music classes in school, but also a myriad of other tasks and responsibilities which often results in stress. Studies have found that music teachers tend to experience pressure and stress from a variety of sources, many of which are commonly related to the demands and expectations of a workload that is often incomparable with teachers teaching other subjects. In Malaysia, since music was implemented in the National Curriculum in the primary and secondary schools, the expectations towards music activities in school has created extra demands on music teachers to perform and produce proof of the success of their music teaching. This study focused on job satisfaction and related stress among music teachers in selected secondary schools in Malaysia and the factors that contributed to the stress. Results from this study suggest that music teachers are satisfied with their job. However, they do realize that their wo.....

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Kehadiran pedagang Arab pada kurun ke -15 telah membawa bersama-sama kesenian ke alam Melayu. Di_ antara seni persembahan yang telah meresap ke dalam budaya Melayu terutama di negeri Johor adalah_ seperti zapin, ghazal, samrah, qasidah dan beberapa kesenian lain yang menggunakan gambus dalam_ persembahan mereka. Kajian ini merupakan kajian terhadap muzik gambus di negeri Johor yang_ berobjektif untuk membuat tinjauan awal tentang alat muzik, cara memegang, gaya memetik, sistem_ talaan, maqam yang digunakan serta analisis terhadap lagu-lagu gambus di Johor. Hasil penyelidikan_ ini dijangka dapat memberikan informasi tentang muzik gambus di Johor. Hasil penyelidikan ini juga_ dapat dijadikan sumber idea, informasi dasar dan pemahaman asas tentang gambus Johor dari sudut_ permainan dan lagu-lagu yang banyak memainkan peranan dalam membangunkan lagu-lagu Melayu di_ Malaysia.   Kata Kunci gambus , gaya permainan, Johor, muzik Malaysia, maqam ..

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Kerangka Kurikulum Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia mencadangkan transformatif dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran peringkat pengajian tinggi secara menyeluruh seiring dengan perkembangan Pendidikan 4.0. Elemen utama yang diperkenalkan dalam kerangka ini adalah pendekatan pengajaran dan pembelajaran menggunakan heutagogi, paragogi dan sibergogi (HPS). Namun begitu, tiada kriteria khusus untuk mengaplikasikan pendekatan ini khususnya dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran matematik. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengesahkan tema dan item dalam HPS. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah tinjauan dengan menggunakan soal selidik Kriteria Heutagogi, Paragogi dan Sibergogi (SHPS) bagi setiap tema dan item yang diperoleh. Tinjauan dilakukan kepada 317 pendidik matematik dan pendidikan matematik di Malaysia. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat empat tema bagi kriteria heutagogi iaitu pembelajaran kolaboratif, kebolehrundingan pentaksiran, penentuan kendiri/kontrak pembelajaran dan amalan refleksi dengan juml.....

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This article provides an insight into a composer_s creative process through a reflective understanding of the self (the composer as creator) and the other (the composer as analyst). In (re)presenting musical meaning by deconstructing the Schenkerian process of musical analysis, Depth explores the notion of crafting and unfolding the musical content of a creative task from a reverse paradigm of designing the components as if they already belong to a musical whole - the only difference is that the piece is yet to exist. What then would an ensuing piece sound like if the Foreground, Middleground and Background constructs have been delineated? What would the score look like and how would it sound _different_ each time it is played? Depth evolves from these inquisitive ploys, to which it is now the object of reflection.   Keywords: musical deconstruction, quarter-tone notation, Schenkerian analysis, symbolism..

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Tan Sri P. Ramlee_s (1929-1973) music dominated the popular music scene in Malaya (prior to 1957 when Malaysia became independent) during the mid-twentieth century. The local communities during his time were captivated by his velvety crooning voice and musical style. P. Ramlee_s music featured strong influences from Western tonality, yet exuded the musical aesthetics of the cultures inherent in Malaya. His music was influenced by the demands and aesthetics of urban entertainment, the rich multi-cultural society and the socio-political atmosphere. Many of P. Ramlee_s songs were influenced by the background of its directors who suited his songs to the themes and storyline of their films. The interplay between these various power structures were important in shaping P. Ramlee_s music. In this article, I argue that although P. Ramlee_s music mainly utilised Western musical instruments, tonality, and harmonies, his music was also localised to the flavour of the Malay, Chinese, Indian and Ar.....

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The challenge of narrowing the achievement gap in effectiveness in conducting among students begin with reviewing the fundamental techniques and skills that are regularly connected to the quality of their effectiveness as conductors and examining the necessary qualities needed for effective conducting. The writer explores the causes of the poor conducting skills and looks closely at the various methods for addressing these problems.   Keywords: conducting, conducting technique, effectiveness in conducting, expressive conducting, issues in conducting..

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