Aquilaria malaccensis has been traditionally used to treat several medical disorders including inflammation. However, the traditional claims of this plant as an anti-inflammatory agent has not been substantially evaluated using modern scientific techniques. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Aquilaria malacensis leaf extract (ALEX-M) and potentiate its activity through nano-encapsulation. The extract-loaded nanocapsules were fabricated using water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion method and characterized via multiple techniques including DLS, TEM, FTIR, and TGA. The toxicity and the anti-inflammatory activity of ALEX-M and the extract-loaded nanocapsules (ALEX-M-PNCs) were evaluated in-vitro on RAW 264.7 macrophages and in-vivo on zebrafish embryos. The nanocapsules demonstrated spherical shape with mean particle diameter of 167.13 � 1.24 nm, narrow size distribution (PDI = 0.29 � 0.01), and high encapsulation efficiency (87.36 � 1.81.....

1166 hits

Previously, surfactant-assisted exfoliated graphene oxide (sEGO) formed with the triple-chain surfactant TC14 (sodium 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentylcarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate) was applied in wastewater treatment. The extent of dye-removal and the adsorption capacity of the sEGO formed with this triple-chain surfactant outperformed those of two other systems, namely, the di-chain version of TC14 (AOT14; sodium 1,2-bis-(2,2-dimethyl-propoxycarbonyl)-ethanesulfonate) and the single-chain surfactant sodiumn-dodecylsulfate. In the present study, to further optimise the surfactant chemical structure, the sodium ion of TC14 was substituted with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium (BMIM) generating surfactant ionic liquids (SAILs; 1-butyl-3-imidazolium 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate), hereafter denoted as BMIM-TC14. This SAIL, together with nanofibrillated kenaf cellulose (NFC), was used to electrochemically exfoliate graphite, yielding BMIM-.....

1706 hits

This article is a qualitative-descriptive study which employs single case study and content analysis to relate the phenomenon that exists in the translation of Quranic verses that are generally interpreted as a means for legitimizing the acts of terrorism by radical Islamists. The integration on the linguistic knowledge of Islamic texts has been studied as a process of incorporating new information into the existing knowledge with an interdisciplinary approach. Language is not only the object of linguistic scientific study, but also the object of study related to discipline and others. The importance of language in the multitude of learning and the discipline of science has led to its status as a condition for correct understanding of the Quranic messages. Two patterns of understanding Islamic texts become the spectrum of how the teachings of Islam are fairly understood. Linguistic provides general criticism toward the radicals' interpretations in understanding the Islamic texts. Then .....

733 hits

This study examined the test taking strategies of weak ESL students of an English language proficiency course. Test taking strategies are known as the methods that test takers use as an alternative aimed at attaining correct answers on a specified form of language assessment. The study adopted a qualitative study. The participants in this study were forty-four learners from the Bachelor of Arts Program. The learners were asked to think aloud while reading an assigned text to answer the questions. Four learners? thinking aloud recordings were transcribed and analysed. Focus group interviews were carried out for triangulation purposes. Data collected were analysed manually. The ESL learners implemented many test taking strategies as they coped with the reading comprehension test. The findings of the study show how ESL students used cognitive, metacognitive, compensating, and social strategies. Participants expressed that understanding and reading the passage allowed them to draw conclusi.....

1119 hits

This study explores youth engagement practices in environmental activities. The evaluation is based on a survey; respondents consisted of 400 youths from two subdistricts located in Muallim, Perak, Malaysia: Slim and Hulu Bernam Timur. The data was analyzed descriptively to obtain the Cronbach alpha values, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed using SPSS 22 software. The results of the EFA reveal four youth engagement practices: Purchasing Activity Practices (AAP), 3R Activity Practices (AA3R), Energy Saving Practices (APT), and Travel Mode Practices (AMP). These practices may inform environmental education and behavioral targeting to promote sustainability among youth in Malaysia and the evaluation provided in the discussion may be duplicated to assist in similar practices assessment in other areas. ? Copyright 2021, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2021...

467 hits

Per its English curriculum, vocabulary instruction is only integrated indirectly in the teaching of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills in Malaysian schools. ESL learners then may overlook the variety of meanings that a word and its spelling can offer. This research aims to describe the effects of the explicit approach of vocabulary instruction on 30 Form Two (eighth grade) students from a suburban school in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. A descriptive style was adopted, and specific vocabulary lessons were used to help students learn the target words. Using descriptive statistics, vocabulary pre-and post-test scores were analysed and compared to determine the impact of this approach. The frequency counts, percentages, mean scores, and standard deviation of the students? evaluation form responses were analysed. Content analysis was used to transcribe, classify, and categorise qualitative data from the interview session. According to the data, the students? vocabulary scores increa.....

973 hits

The problem and the aim of the study. Students at secondary school are facing problems in learning Mathematics for topic Geometry. The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of a learning strategy for 3-dimensional Geometry, using Visual Tools Screencast SketchUp Make, called ViToS-SUM. Researchmethods. ViToS-SUM consists of four components: level of van Hiele geometrical thinking, visual spatial skills, visual tools and video tutorial screencast SketchUp Make. A topic in form 3 mathematics, Plans and Elevations was chosen for this study. The whole process of design and development of ViToS-SUM adopted the five cyclic stages of ADDIE instructional design model. This article addresses the details of the final two stages specifically, implementation and evaluation prior to pilot test. Twelve students from a secondary school and three experts involved in this study. Quantitative approaches were used to collect data as well as to analyse the experts? and students? views on the ap.....

739 hits

Fuzzy logic is a reasoning method for solving linguistic problems that cannot be solved mathematically. The application of fuzzy logic from our development program regarding the development of exhaust fans with fuzzy logic controllers to regulate air flow velocity in accordance with air conditions in a room. Using a gas sensor and a temperature sensor will create a number of conditions to then be treated in a fuzzy logic system using the Mamdani method. The process that occurs in the Mamdani fuzzy includes four stages including the process of calculating the fuzzy set (fuzzification), the application of the implication function, the composition of the rules to the last stage, the defuzzification process. The inter elements of the mamdani fuzzy process are interconnected in the sense that the order determined by fuzzy mamdani cannot be removed or replaced by another. Development that has been done related to the exhaust fan uses two sensors namely the temperature sensor and gas sensor. .....

789 hits

Background: A sedentary lifestyle has been found to influence cognitive impairment, whereas physical activity and diet have been found to reduce the negative impacts of a sedentary lifestyle. Objectives: This study aims to examine the synergistic effects of the black mulberry, sunflower seed, and pumpkin seed supplements, including exercise on cognitive performance among sedentary university students. Methods: Participants (n=36) were randomly assigned to receive black mulberry, sunflower seed, and pumpkin seed with and without exercise for 60 days. Then, they were required to complete cognitive task assessment for domain attention (visual reaction time and auditory reaction time), perception (fast counting and basic music) and executive (Eriksen flanker task and Stroop test) on day 0 (baseline), 30, and 60 of the experiment. Following that, blood samples were collected and analyzed for malondialdehyde serum concentration as an oxidative stress marker. Results: All participants showed .....

816 hits

A hologram tutor is an instructional medium that has promising potential to serve as a substitute for actual teachers in classroom learning. Commonly, actual humans are used as the characters for the hologram tutor. Doubtlessly, this choice has its own advantages. However, in terms of development, it involves difficult and complicated steps. Utilizing 3D cartoon characters can be an alternative for developing a hologram tutor. However, a question arises about learners? acceptance and experience of a hologram tutor in 3D cartoon-like human form. Thus, the purpose of this research is to design and develop a 3D cartoon-like hologram tutor and examine aspects of the user experience (UX). The User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) was used to acquire responses from students once they had completed the learning session with the hologram tutor. Particularly, the experiment was carried out on 30 university students (N�= 30). From the results, it can be concluded that the UX level with a 3D cart.....

540 hits