This study examines the determinants of public expenditure in the UAE between 1975 and 2020,using the Gregory-Hansen cointegration and ARDL bounds testing approaches. The results confirm that cointegrating (long-run) relationship exist between public expenditure and the selected macroeconomic variables (oil price, tax burden, fiscal deficit, outflow of money, FDI outflow and interest rate), with a structural break in 1989. In addition, the results reveal that public expenditure in the UAE is determined by oil price, tax burden, fiscal deficit, outflow of money, FDI outflow, and interest rate both in the shorthand long-run. Based on these outcomes, the diversification of UAE’s public revenue, reduction of fiscal deficit, the elimination of unofficial remittance channels, implementation of investor-friendly trade policies, and interest rate stabilization are recommended, while strict monitoring of tax collection and blockage of tax leakages are advanced...

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This study aims to examine the learners’ perception and experiences in engaging in writing lesson conducted via Google Classroom among the secondary school learners in Malaysia and China. This study is important for both the teachers and stakeholders to identify the suitable types of writing activities that can be used in a Google classroom platform to motivate the learners to be interested in writing and the ways to solve the problems faced by the learners when it involves writing lesson via e learning. This study focuses on five learners; three learners from Malaysia and two learners from China. This study employed a qualitative approach. The instruments were interview questions and guided logbook journals. The sessions were conducted via Google Meet and the recorded interviews were then transcribed. Hence, researchers used qualitative method to analyse the codes and categories to pen down the findings. As a result, both China and Malaysia learners expressed their affirmative agree.....

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The novel hematite (α-Fe2O3)/nickel oxide (NiO) heterostructures were grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates at various deposited NiO of 3, 5, and 7 layers. The heterostructures were successfully synthesized using the immersion and sol–gel spin coating methods for α-Fe2O3 and NiO films, respectively. The field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that each sample of α-Fe2O3/NiO heterostructures has a unique surface morphology when deposited with different NiO layers. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the number of NiO layers affected the diffraction peaks. The NiO diffraction peak intensity at (111) plane increased when the deposition number of NiO layer was increased. The crystallite sizes of NiO were 35.4, 33.6, and 38.0 nm for 3-, 5-, and 7-layer NiO, respectively. The interplanar spacing, lattice parameter, and unit cell volume indicate NiO with 3-layer as the highest, while 5-and 7-layer had the same values. Meanwhile, the stra.....

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The study investigated the use of social-interaction strategies among fresh graduates in job interviews. Fifty candidates and twenty hiring managers participated in the study. The job interview data were analysed qualitatively using the ATLAS.ti data analysis software. It was found that successful candidates attempted five social interaction strategies, reserved candidates attempted two social interaction strategies and unsuccessful candidates did not attempt any of the social-interaction strategies. The findings further revealed that the use of social-interaction strategies by successful candidates enables them to understand and answer the interview questions with good proficiency, coherence, cohesion besides maintaining the flow. It is hoped that the findings of the present study would be helpful for fresh graduates and undergraduates to use social-interaction strategies to have a smooth interaction. These strategies also provide more confidence to respond as candidates are able to b.....

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Wearable resistance (WR) is an alternative proposed to be used in training with the aim to increase sport performance by allowing specific movements to be performed with additional loading. Although the benefits of allowing more sport-specific movement are undeniable, studies conducted on the effects of this WR in Taekwondo sport are scarce. This study aims to determine the acute effects of WR loading on Taekwondo axe kick kinematics. Twenty-four (n=24) state-level taekwondo athletes were recruited and were required to perform axe kick in four conditions by wearing a WR suit on their thigh and shank. Four different loadings were attached at the suit; i) 3% of body mass (3WR), ii) 5% of body mass (5WR), iii) 8% of body mass (8WR) and iv) without load (0WR). During the movement, movement kinematics (maximum kick height, angle between thighs, range of motion (ROM) of hip, ROM of knee, duration of power load, maximum speed of ankle, duration of drive and total time were analyzed for both d.....

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The study was carried out to evaluate the impact of seasonal variations on the hematological responses of goats in Malaysia. Fifty-two goats (24 bucks and 28 does), aged between 1 to 2 years old were used in the study. The goats were fed on commercial concentrate and forage, access to mineral salt and water was ad libitum. Blood samples were obtained from each goat in January, May and September to analyze hematology blood constitute during the study. The results showed that red blood cell (RBC) levels in Anglo-Nubian females rose dramatically in January and May while the Saanen breed remains without diversity. In all seasons, high hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of Anglo-Nubian males was unlike Saanen breed. For Saanen females, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased significantly, whereas in Saanen males, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and MCH concentration (MCHC) were increased. High packed cell volume (PCV) concentration of Anglo females compared to others during September. In conc.....

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Artistic freedom, the influence of the French revolution and the massive development of musicology had a significant influence on the variety and diversity of compositional forms in the Romantic era. However, many features of the performance style in romantic period require a deeper understanding, especially related to expression features from performer’s perspective. This article examines a number of aspects that correlate with the style of performance in the romantic era. There are three objectives in this article. The first is to correlate compositional works in the romantic era that illustrate the symbiotic relationship between artistic forms and non-musical ideas, especially socio-political sentiments. The second is to review the role of musicology and philosophical perspective in building a structure of knowledge in music performance. The third is to characterize the performance style in romantic era. The methodology of this research is carried out based on a literature study. .....

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In the past decade, franchising has become a well-known platform for business expansion. Various strategies have been employed by franchisors in expanding their business into the global market. However, few studies have assessed the determinants that can be adopted by the franchisors in bringing value as well as opening up opportunities for global market expansion. This study aims to explore the determinants of global expansion based on Malaysian franchisors’ experience. A qualitative research approach was adopted through various case studies with ten franchisors from the food and beverage industry in Malaysia. In-depth interviews were carried out to explore this topic. Thematic analysis was performed through the “Atlas.ti” software package version 9.0, which was also used in analyzing the data. The findings indicated that there are four themes, and nine sub-themes were discovered from the grounded data. The franchisors agreed that franchise brand, business location, product, adv.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pencirian morfologi, optik dan struktur bagi mengkaji kehadiran partikel-partikel nano CdS dan CdSe yang tertanam di antara matriks P3HT peranti filem nipis hibrid organik dan tak organik menggunakan teknik Pemendapan Angkutan Sudut (ALD) dan kaedah dedahan gas yang mudah, cepat dan berkos rendah. Penyelidikan bermula dengan menentukan kesan kehadiran ion Cd2+ dalam larutan P3HT, asid stearik (SA) dan P3HT:SA yang dicirikan dengan isoterma tekanan permukaan-luas yang dikawal oleh komputer. Peranti filem nipis disediakan dengan memendapkan P3HT, SA dan ion Cd2+ (dalam kemolaran 0.5 dan 1.0 mM CdCl2) ke atas substrat silikon dan kuarza menggunakan teknik ALD dan dedahan kepada gas H2S atau H2Se selama 2, 4, 6 dan 15 jam. Peranti filem nipis organik-tak organik dicirikan menggunakan FESEM, EDX, AFM, spektroskopi Raman dan UVVis. Pencirian isoterma tekanan permukaan-luas menunjukkan purata keluasan dan saiz molekul P3HT, SA dan P3HT:SA menin.....

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Forecasting is a very effortful task owing to its features which simultaneously contain linear and nonlinear patterns. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model has been one the most widely utilized linear model in time series forecasting. Unfortunately, the ARIMA model cannot effortlessly handle nonlinear patterns alone. Thus, Support Vector Machine (SVM) model is introduced to solve nonlinear behavior in the datasets with high variance and uncertainty. The purposes of this study are twofold. First, to propose a hybrid ARIMA models using SVM. Secondly, to test the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid model using sea surface temperature (SST) data. Our investigation is based on two well-known real datasets, i.e., SST (modis) and in-situ SST (hycom). Statistical measurement such as MAE, MAPE, MSE, and RMSE are carried out to investigate the efficacy of the proposed models as compared to the previous ARIMA and SVMs models. The empirical results reveal that the proposed m.....

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