The implementation of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines is being criticized by stakeholders whether it is a better approach for pupils in the primary levels than the monolingual-Second language (MSL) approach using Tagalog. Several studies in the past decade attempted to test the effect of MTB-MLE on pupils' learning on different subject areas. However, there is yet no available study on the effect of MTB-MLE on Science learning variables such as metacognitive learning orientations and achievement among Grade 3 learners whose mother tongue is Ilocano. This quasi-experimental study was conducted to test the effect of MTB-MLE on the academic achievement, metacognition, learning processes, and self-efficacy of Ilocano Grade 3 pupils in Science learning. Fifteen (15) Ilocano pupils were randomly selected from each of two elementary schools of a district in Isabela Province, Philippines. The two groups were taught in Science using Tagalog-only (MSL) and.....

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Numerous commercially available ligand with simple structures as donor and acceptor moieties can be engaged in fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) materials. Metal coordination approach is an effective and facile method for generating 1D luminescent nanowires with length ranging from several nanometres up to hundreds of nanometres compared to the other methods available. In this research 1D photoluminescence pyrazine-based coordination complexes were fabricated by integrating an electron-donor (D) tetra-2-pyridinylpyrazine (tppz) unit and electron-acceptor (A) 2-phenylpyrimidine (ppm) moiety or 2,6-bis(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridine (bzimpy) to form a D–A–D configuration. The tppz itself hardly fluoresces, but upon complexation with metal ions the fluorescence of tppz-metal was observed. This may be resulting from the change of lowest excited-state due to complexation with metal that acts as a strong Lewis acid. Tppz has been utilised as a bridging ligand in building block of m.....

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The teacher education program in Thailand has undergone various reforms, with the latest being the shortening of the teacher education curriculum from five years to four. To date, very few studies have accounted for this reform. To address this gap, our study sought to analyse pre-service English teachers’ perceptions towards the reform. This was done through a semiotic analysis of visuals contributed by the pre-service teachers. There were a total of 43 visual contributions, which were analysed through Labbo’s typology of symbolisms and attributes discerned from the visuals and their corresponding captions. We were able to categorize the visuals to three types of symbolisms, which were transformative, typographic, and the third type being a combination of the first and second. The most common attribute was positive affect (emotion), with a few visuals rationalizing or questioning the reform. The analysis revealed that the pre-service teachers did not really understand the nature o.....

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Monthly precipitation data during the period of 1970 to 2019 obtained from the Mete-orological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency database were used to analyze regionalized precipitation regimes in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. There were missing values in 52.6% of the data, which were handled by a hybrid random forest approach and bootstrap method (RF-Bs). The present approach addresses large missing values and also reduces the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) in the search for the optimum minimal value. Cluster analysis was used to classify stations or grid points into different rainfall regimes. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) of rainfall data reveal the pattern of behavior of the rainfall regime in a specific region by identifying homogeneous clusters. According to the HCA, four distinct and homogenous regions were recognized. Then, the principal component analysis (PCA) technique was used to homog-enize the rainfall series and optimally reduce th.....

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This study aims to determine the compositions of surfactants extracted from urban particulate matter (PM) and motor vehicle exhaust soot. A high volume air sampler (HVAS) has been used to collect PM sample at Kuala Lumpur urban area. Meanwhile, the vehicle exhaust soot was collected randomly from exhaust pipe of various types of diesel and petrol vehicles, using a soft brush during dry days. The concentration of anionic surfactants as Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) was determined by the colorimetric method using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The presence of microorganisms as bacteria and fungi was investigated by colony count. In addition, correlation between surfactants and traffic related air pollutants, and meteorological factors were also been investigated. Results revealed that the average concentration of PM was 107.68 ± 7.91 μgm-3 while surfactants in PM was 105 ± 48.8 pmolm-3. Diesel vehicles demonstrated higher surfactant concentration in exhaust soot with av.....

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Waste dyes such as Congo red at certain levels can damage the environment because of toxicity and may cause malfunctioning of the liver, kidneys, and nerves. Therefore, this study aims to analyze optimum pH, concentration, particle size of the adsorbent, and the eluent flow rate on the adsorption of Congo red by Napa soil (NS). The results showed optimum pH of 6, an initial concentration of 20 mg/L, and a particle size of 75 μm and the optimum flow rate of the eluent of 40 drops/minute. Furthermore, the determination of adsorption at the optimum condition of the NS as adsorbent without treatment (fresh) has a higher capacity than the purified Napa soil. The absorption capacity was 0.37 mg/g and 0.25 mg/g, and desorption at the optimum condition (recovery column) showed that the highest percentage is by using ethanol. Besides reducing the concentration of the Congo red dye and determining the absorption capacity of the adsorbent, the other aim of the adsorbent application is for pre-co.....

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Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji membentuk model penglibatan golongan belia dalam kelestarian alam sekitar khususnya di Daerah Muallim sebagai Bandar Belia atau 1Malaysia Youth City (1MYC). Responden terdiri daripada 400 orang belia daripada dua buah mukim dalam daerah Muallim, Perak iaitu mukim Slim dan Hulu Bernam Timur. Pemilihan responden adalah dengan menggunakan teknik pensampelan rawak mudah. Konstruk penglibatan kelestarian alam sekitar belia yang diukur adalah pengetahuan, nilai, kemahiran dan amalan kelestarian alam sekitar belia. Setiap komponen dipecahkan kepada empat sub konstruk iaitu penjimatan elektrik, penjimatan air, penggunaan produk mesra alam dan juga mod perjalanan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mendapatkan kebolehpercayaan nilai Alpha Cronbach dan Analisis Faktor Pengesahan (CFA) digunakan untuk mendapatkan penyelesaian empat faktor dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS 22 dan AMOS 20. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai Alpha Cronbach berada pada.....

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The inclusiveness of education in terms of access and quality is one of the mandates of Law Number 20 of 2013 on the National Education System in Indonesia. Furthermore, a School Zoning System policy was born through the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 20 of 2019. This research focuses on the school zoning system policy in Lampung Province, Indonesia. The aim is to determine the level of the implementation variable and the actor's role in school zoning system policies. This research type is descriptive qualitative, and the data was obtained from questionnaires, interviews, observation, and data processed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The participant in this research is the actors in policy implementation consisting of eight people. The Provincial Education and Culture Office, Principal Assembly, Parliament, Education Council, Teachers Association, Quality Assurance, Academics observers, and Educationalpolicymakers. The result showed tha.....

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Research has shown that reflective practices improve teaching practices, which makes them valuable in the 21st century where the teaching context is complex due to increasing technological innovations and diversity among learners. However, it is hardly practiced among teachers. As a result, the present study aims at highlighting how reflective practices could improve teaching practices in a challenging context. The study adopted a Self-Study qualitative research approach. The data were collected through reflection, observation, and interviews from two collaborating researchers, primary school teachers, and students. Data were analyzed thematically. Findings show that reflective practices improve four main aspects of teaching practices namely assessment, teacher-student role in the classroom, teacher pedagogical competence, and teacher awareness on integrating ICT in the classroom and teacher proficiency in technology. It was revealed that RPs were effective in meeting TPD qualities. Th.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti tahap kesediaan terhadap penggunaan pembelajaran maya dalam kalangan guru-guru sekolah rendah daerah Kuala Selangor. kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara kesediaan penggunaan pembelajaran maya dengan jantina dan jenis sekolah. Model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) oleh Venkatesh (2003) telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang dikenalpasti dalam mempengaruhi kesediaan guru terhadap penggunaan Pembelajaran Maya berdasarkan model UTAUT ialah Jangkaan Prestasi, Jangkaan Usaha, Pengaruh Sosial dan Keadaan Kemudahan. Seramai 322 Sampel telah dipilih secara rawak dari kalangan guru-guru sekolah rendah daerah Kuala Selangor iaitu 235 guru SK, 41 guru SJKC dan 46 guru SJKT. Instrumen soal selidik telah digunakan dan dianalisis secara analisis deskriptif dan inferensi iaitu korelasi. Keputusan kajian mendapati guru-guru bersedia untuk menjalankan pembelajaran maya di sekolah (min=3.36).....

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