The study was conducted to examine the effect of service quality and perceived value on customer satisfaction using a sample of 150 usable questionnaires gathered from undergraduate students in one public university in Sarawak, Malaysia. The outcomes of hierarchical regression analysis showed four important findings: firstly, relationship between perceive value and reliability significantly correlated with customer satisfaction. Secondly, relationship between perceive value and responsiveness significantly correlated with customer satisfaction. Thirdly, relationship between perceive value and assurance significantly correlated with customer satisfaction. Fourthly, relationship between perceive value and empathy significantly correlated with customer satisfaction. This result confirms that perceive value does act as a partial mediating variable in the service quality models of the organizational sample. In addition, implications and limitations, as well as directions for future research.....

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This survey study was carried out to review the measurement items of learning environment model for engineering students. A total of 535 respondents were involved in this research. The variables presented in this research were the peer interaction, lecturer interaction and education facilities. Data were analyzed descriptively for reliability (Cronbach Alpha values) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to obtain 3 factor solutions using AMOS software. The results showed that the Cronbach Alpha was on the classification of high and very high which was higher than 0.70. Result of CFA confirmed 3 factors solution with data collected was fit with model. The study also proposed a model of learning environment for engineering students...

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This study aims to identify the limitations of relationship investment research in relationship marketing domain. Based upon 53 relevant journal articles, the results of content analysis reveal limited studies on the integrated effect of customer and partner investments and the effect of relationship investment’s dimensions, particularly in customer-brand relationship domain. The findings stimulate and guide future research to explain the role of relationship investment in relationship marketing. This study is perhaps one of few attempts to identify and evaluate extant relationship marketing literatures on the role of relationship investment in a systematic and integrative manner...

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Kepemimpinan mempengaruhi tekanan kerja dalam kalangan tenaga pengajar. Tekanan kerja menyebabkan prestasi dan kualiti kerja menurun. Oleh itu, gaya kepemimpinan yang lebih fleksibel dan bercorak perkongsian perlu diamalkan dalam sistem pendidikan. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan perkaitan di antara kepemimpinan yang bercorak perkongsian iaitu kepemimpinan distributif dan tekanan kerja dalam pendidikan teknik dan vokasional. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif iaitu temu bual separa berstruktur. Responden kajian dipilih dengan teknik persampelan bertujuan iaitu mempunyai minima setahun pengalaman mengajar dalam pendidikan teknik dan vokasional. Seramai empat responden iaitu tenaga pengajar daripada pendidikan teknik dan vokasional telah dipilih untuk sesi temu bual. Data kajian dianalisis dengan kaedah analisis kandungan. Data temu bual dikumpul dan dianalisis dengan mentranskripsi temu bual secara verbatim, dikod dan dikategorikan mengikut tema. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan.....

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The inspiration for this report comes from moves that are taking place in Malaysian research, in particular an expansion of official acceptance of practice-led and based research methods by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. Consequently, academics across the country are beginning to embrace approaches that have, from my personal observations, been previously unexplored and, indeed, often discouraged. Changes are a foot, however, as music performance and research departments are recognising the values as well as the creative and professional potentials of this research. While practice-led research has been increasing exponentially worldwide for decades now, some still struggle to define and support it because of its open and flexible nature, and the implicit questioning of standard research conventions, including the incorporation of creative and descriptive materials. I suggest here that this flexibility is precisely why it is a method that has great benefits for artistic applicatio.....

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Purpose – The purpose of the study is to review readability formulae and offer a critique, based on a comparison of the grading of a variety of texts given by six well-known formulae. Methodology – A total of 64 texts in English were selected either by or for native English speaking children aged between six and 11 years. Each text was assessed using six commonly used readability formulae via the Words Count website (http://www.wordscount. info/) which provides automated readability indices using FOG, Spache, SMOG, Flesh-Kincaid and Dale-Chall. For the ATOS formula, the Renaissance Learning website was used (http://www.renlearn.com/ar/overview/atos/). Statistical tests were then carried out to check the consistency among the six formulae in terms of their predictions of levels of text difficulty. Findings – The analysis demonstrated significantly different readability indices for the same text using different formulae. It appeared that some of the formulae (but not all) were cons.....

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Persidangan Afro-Asian dimulakan di Bandung (1955), diikuti Persidangan Kaherah (1957) dan Belgrade (1961), yang membawa kepada penubuhan pergerakan negaranegara berkecuali (NAM). Persidangan ini disertai negara-negara Komunis dan anti- Komunis yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan sebuah kesatuan dalam kalangan negara-negara berkecuali dalam menentang usaha penjajahan Barat selepas Perang Dunia Kedua. Pengisytiharan Tunku Abdul Rahman berhubung cadangan pembentukan Malaysia pada tahun 1961 yang menggabungkan Tanah Melayu, Singapura, Sabah dan Sarawak, telah menimbulkan berbagai reaksi anggota persidangan tersebut. Kepelbagaian reaksi ini berkait rapat dengan kepentingan dari aspek strategik, keanggotaan dalam pertubuhan pertubuhan tertentu, persempadanan, ideologi dan lain-lain. Reaksi sesetengah negara anggota ini kelihatan mengatasi "Semangat Bandung" yang menjadi pegangan mereka sejak tahun 1954. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan reaksi anggota Persidangan Afro-Asian berhubung de.....

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Clean water resources play an important role in meeting the daily needs of human life. Lack of water resources and supply is highly associated with natural factors as well as the increased water pollution due to rapid development. Dependence on the system of water supply from the river solely affects the increasingly diverse needs of the community in Malaysia. As Malaysia receives a high rainfall throughout the year, relying on rainwater harvesting as an alternative water source should be given due attention. Thus, a study regarding the potential of rainwater as an alternative source of water for domestic use has been conducted in Tanjong Malim, Perak. Assessment is made on the annual rainfall trend for the last 40 years to see the long-term resource capacity and water quality tests were conducted to identify the level of cleanliness of water for domestic use. Based on this study, Tanjong Malim generally receives a high annual rainfall of over 2400mm per year since 1960 and it is most .....

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Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti teknik pemprosesan informasi dan menghurai proses penjanaan visualisasi mental dalam kalangan pelajar Biologi bagi konsep abstrak osmosis. Sepuluh orang pelajar telah dipilih sebagai responden dengan menggunakan persampelan stratifikasi bertujuan. Mereka dikategori kepada dua kumpulan iaitu, yang berpencapaian tinggi dan yang berpencapaian rendah berdasarkan kepada pencapaian Biologi dalam ujian prestasi yang lalu. Instrumen kajian yang diguna bagi mengumpul data ialah satu tugasan dan protokol temu bual semi berstruktur. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan peratusan dan secara kualitatif dengan membentuk tema dan sub-tema menggunakan kaedah perbandingan konstan. Seratus peratus (100%) pelajar telah menggunakan elemen penapisan dan lebih selektif terhadap pemilihan kata kunci dalam memproses informasi bagi menterjemahkan teks definisi konsep osmosis yang diberi dalam tugasan. Dapatan kajian juga mendapati enam pul.....

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Kajian ini menonjolkan hubungan di antara pihak pentadbir kolonial British dengan masyarakat Muslim khususnya di Mesir. Maklumat diperolehi daripada dokumen-dokumen sejarah seperti fail-fail pentadbiran dan laporan yang dikeluarkan semasa dan selepas Perang Dunia Pertama. Analisis terhadap dokumen-dokumen berkenaan memperlihatkan bahawa pentadbiran British menjadikan kepentingan ekonomi dan ketenteraan sebagai asas penting yang mencorakkan hubungan mereka dengan dengan masyarakat Muslim. Sehubungan itu, kerajaan British mengimplimentasikan pendekatan dan kaedah yang dijangka akan menyekat pengaruh musuh mereka daripada mempengaruhi masyarakat Muslim yang tinggal di wilayah yang dikuasai British. Dalam kes Mesir, usaha menghidupkan semula semangat Pan-Islam dan penularan pengaruh Bolshevik dalam kalangan Muslim di Mesir dilihat sebagai ancaman besar kepada kuasa kolonial British di negara tersebut. Pentabiran Brtiish percaya bahawa Pan-Islam dan Bolshevik ada gerakan yang sama. Untuk it.....

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