Algae often reduce aesthetic values and usability of freshwater as they can grow excessively and present in high biomass concentration. A biological approach to control algae growth by using plant-derived substances has received significant attention due to its minimal undesirable effects. To date, numerous herbaceous plants species are known to have antimicrobial properties. Nevertheless, their inhibitory potential against freshwater algae remains widely unexplored. This study attempted to explore algae inhibition potential using extracts from five herbaceous plants including Melastoma malabathricum, Cosmos caudatus, Pistia stratiotes, Etlingera elatior, and Cinnamomum cassia. Potential inhibitory effect of each plant extract on algae growth was determined through the percentage of algae growth reduction as compared to the control. Our results revealed that all, except Cinnamomum cassia, gave positive inhibitory effects on algae growth. The highest algae growth inhibition wasobserved .....

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Prawn allergy is a common cause of allergic reactions in countries where crustacean is a famous seafood. Macrobrachium rosenbergii (giant river prawn) is declared as a local major food allergens, causes severe symptoms like asthma and anaphylactic shock.Therefore, the goal concerning this research is to identify the allergenicity of heat treated of M. rosenbergii. Prawn extracts have been prepared using fresh raw prawn and three heat-treated prawn flesh (boiled, steamed, fried), then afterward analyzed by the usage of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Allergenic proteins were identified by means of immunoblotting by the use of sera from 30 prawnallergic patients. The identities of selective major allergens were then determined by massspectrometry analysis. The raw prawn has 27 protein fractions between 6 to 207 kDa, while the heat-treated prawns have reduced number of protein bands. Six prominent bands at 72, 65, 48, 38, 36, and 30 kDa were considere.....

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The purpose of this study was to find out the implementation level of the 21st Century Learning Model among teachers and to analyze the impact of it in activities and facilitation of 21st Century Modeling in Thirukkural teaching in Perak state’s Tamil Primary Schools. Qualitative research methods were used in this study to obtain the data. This study involved two Tamil Primary Schools as respondents. Observation in the process of learning and facilitating Thirukkural for Year 5 students was implemented using Malaysian Standards Quality Education Waves 2 (known as SKPMg2) instruments that had been set by the Ministry of Education. The results show that the classroom atmosphere involved in the observation meets the positive elements of a classroom, as recommended by the Ministry of Education Malaysia. However, there are some weaknesses in the availability and application of certain aspects such as 'learning resource center', 'self-access learning' and digital technologies. A fairly nar.....

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This research is a study which is conducted under the Sultan Idris Education University’s University Research Grant. The purpose of this study is to measure the mastery of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) among the teacher of Tamil Primary Schools in the state of Perak and the mastery of questioning technique based on Bloom’s Taxonomy using HOTS in the teaching of Thirukkural. The approach of quantitative was employed to obtain the data of the research. 80 teachers were chosen as samples from four different schools in Perak to elicit information pertaining to the mastery of HOTS among educators. Through the grading which was conducted by referring to SPSS, the results of the research revealed that the mastery of HOTS among teachers in this category is average and weak from the eight criteria which were studied. This show the efforts that are taken by the Malaysian Ministry of Education provide less impact on the teachers in understanding and mastering HOTS. Meanwhile, a quantita.....

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This research aims to compare the value of progress conveyed in the form four mathematics textbooks from Australia and Malaysia. One mathematics textbook was analysed from each of the countries. Two chapters were chosen for analysis from both of the textbooks, namely Linear Equations and Trigonometry. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. Four characteristics of the value of progress were identified, namely questioning, growth, alternative and generalisation. For the characteristics of questioning, both of the textbooks gave more emphasize to the use of ?directive words or phrases compared to use of questions. The value of progress with characteristics of growth and alternative was more clearly conveyed in the TVA Math textbooks, compared to the TMA Math textbook. The value of progress with the characteristics of growth, for both textbooks, was conveyed through use of histories. The value of progress with characteristics of alternative was identified through the use of multipl.....

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A psychometrically sound instrument to measure teacher educator’s assessment practice suitable for the Malaysian context needs to be developed. This study aimed to validate an Assessment Practice Inventory for Teacher Educators in Malaysia (MAPITE) to be used in the project ‘NRGS-developing and validating an assessment and accountability framework for preparing quality teachers for the future’ using Rasch Model. An Assessment Practice Inventory for Teacher Educators (MAPITE) consisting 70 items has been developed in the NRGS-assessment sub-project ‘developing and validating an assessment and accountability framework for preparing quality teachers’ 2014-2019. Analysis of construct validity by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and internal consistency on the data of pilot study showed that the instrument seem to be sound and can be used to measure assessment practice related to assessment literacy standards assessment principles and frequency of carrying out described items. Ho.....

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Dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran media dramatik seperti Teater Forum boleh dikelaskan sebagai bahan media konkrit dan sifatnya menyerupai keadaan sebenar. Media dramatik ini boleh menukar pengalaman abstrak dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran kepada pengalaman konkrit untuk melahirkan manusia yang holistik dari aspek pemikiran, perasaan dan tindakan. Artikel ini membincangkan potensi Teater Forum dalam membentuk manusia holistik seperti yang digariskan oleh Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan. Sebanyak 12 peserta terlibat dalam kajian kualitatif ini. Data dikumpul melalui pemerhatian, temu bual kumpulan berfokus dan entri catatan jurnal. Data yang dikumpul daripada pelbagai kaedah dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis tema. Hasil kajian membuktikan bahawa elemen-elemen Teater Forum seperti dialog, latihan, aksi lakonan, tindakan membuat keputusan dan prinsip-prinsip dalaman dan luaran boleh menjadi teknik pengajaran yang berkesan untuk merangsang aspek pemikiran mor.....

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Two new isoquinoline alkaloids, iraqiine (1) and kareemine (2), along with five known alkaloids, muniranine (3), kinabaline (4), O-methylmoschatoline (5), atherospermidine (6) and N-methylouregidione (7), were purified from the dichloromethane crude extract of Alphonsea cylindrica bark. The structures of these compounds were elucidated through extensive 1D and 2D NMR, IR and LC–MS studies and comparison with previously reported data. Compounds (1–5 and 7) were tested for their antioxidant activity using in vitro DPPH radical scavenging assay, and 1, 3 and 4 showed the highest antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 48.77 ± 1.01, 44.51 ± 1.12 and 64.28 ± 0.93 μg/ml, respectively  ..

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Since the hype of Industrial Revolution 4.0 that was brought up by Klaus Schwab in 2016, once again the question of values and beliefs becomes a debate. If religiosity is sidelined in our efforts to automate services and let machines do the jobs of human, then human will truly be substituted by artificial intelligence (AI). Does religiosity matter and can it play a role in the new industry revolution? This study will explore the impact of religiosity towards Muslim officers’ work behaviour in the higher learning institutions in Malaysia. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, this study found that religiosity has an impact on the respondents’ work behaviour to a certain degree. Five themes emerged from the thematic analysis: religiosity, personality, competency, environment, and leadership. Besides religiosity, factors such as attitude, leadership, and environment also play a vital role in the enhancement of a religious-based organisational culture...

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Proficiency  in  English  speaking  skills  in  the  engineering  profession  has  become  an   unspoken concern among employers lately. Students of engineering who sit for the Malaysian University  English Test (MUET) often face anxiety due to their inability to perform well in the speaking  component. The objective of this study is  to develop a prototype speaking game incorporating MUET  speaking skills as a novel strategy to assist the engineering students  in improving their speaking  skills. The study also looks at the benefits engineering students gained while using the prototype  developed to improve their speaking skills. A survey design was employed to carry out the study.  The findings of this study revealed a significant agreement from the students on using the   prototype  which  helped  them  to  improve  in  terms  of  using  new  words,  grammar  and  vocabulary. Thus, it can be concluded that polytechnic engineering studen.....

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