Learning in virtual reality laboratories (VR labs) has become an important method in experimental teaching but can increase individuals’ cognitive load compared with traditional laboratories. This study analysed the effect of introducing an attentional guidance mechanism into a VR lab on students’ cognitive load and academic performance. We designed and developed two VR labs, one with and one without this attentional guidance stimulus (a 3D yellow arrow). A quasi-experimental design was adopted, and the data obtained were analysed using one-way ANOVA and linear regression. The experiment was conducted with 80 students majoring in digital media art at two universities. The results indicated that the students in the VR lab with the attentional guidance mechanism included exhibited lower cognitive load and higher academic performance than the control group. The regression analyses revealed that cognitive load negatively predicted learning outcomes; that is, academic performance improv.....

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In this study, we employed the harmonic series experiment to determine the end correction factor of the Indonesian Angklung. Indonesian Angklung are categorized as one-closed-end resonance tubes and consist of different lengths that represent different musical notes. The end correction factor of the Indonesian Angklung is determined from the L-intercept of L res versus 1 f graph. The findings indicate that the experimental values of the end correction factor are less than 6.00% compared to theoretical values. Hence, the harmonic series experiment can be utilized to determine the end correction factor of the Indonesian Angklung. © 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd...

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In the early stages of adopting online learning, both learners and teachers displayed resistance, but the COVID-19 pandemic has forced a widespread shift to digital learning. To facilitate this transition, there is a growing focus on highlighting the effectiveness of online learning, which directly impacts learning outcomes. This study investigates online learning effectiveness through an integrated framework that considers online assessment practices and online course design as independent variables, with online learning support as a moderating variable. Understanding the effectiveness of online learning is crucial as hybrid learning becomes the "new norm" in education, combining online and offline methods for teaching the digital generation. Using a quantitative research design involving 232 students at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, the study found that online assessment practices and course design significantly influence students perceived learning outcomes in an online learning e.....

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The question of which motivation is more prevalent among learners has been heavily debated. This study aimed to determine the link between instrumental and integrative motivation and learners' writing performance. The participants were 75 L2 students from one of Palangka Raya's Islamic Institutes. The data were gathered via a questionnaire and writing. Normality, linearity, multicollinearity, elasticity, and autocorrelation were also calculated as assumption tests. Multiple linear regression was used in the analysis. The findings revealed that instrumental motivation (x2) contributed 70.15% to writing performance, while integrative motivation (x1) contributed 17.03%. The effective contribution was 87.00% in total. The r-square value was also 0.87. Instrumental (x1) and integrative (x2) motivations accounted for 87.00% of the variance in writing performance (y). Overall, motivation was found to significantly impact learners' writing performance (F= 244.87, p = 0.00). This indicated that.....

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Background: Phyllanthus amarus exhibited immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects in several in vitro and in vivo studies. However, there is no report on the inhibitory effects of its secondary metabolites on pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion from human THP-1-derived macrophages. Objective: The objective of this study was to correlate the polyphenols (ellagic acid (EA), gallic acid (GA), geraniin (GER), and corilagin (COR)) and lignans (phyllanthin (PHY), hypophyllanthin (HYPO), niranthin (NIR), phyltetralin (PHYLT), and isolintetralin (ISO)) of 80% ethanol extract of P. amarus with their inhibitory effect against IL-1β and TNF-α secretions from LPS-induced THP-1-derived macrophages. Methods: Chemical profiling of P. amarus was carried out by LC-MS/MS analysis. Validated qualitative and quantitative reversed-phase HPLC analyses of the P. amarus extract were performed for the determination of lignan and polyphenol contents. Human THP-1-derived macrophages were prepared by tr.....

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This study introduces a novel approach by combining knowledge distillation and transfer learning to create a model that, despite its smaller size, approaches the accuracy of its much larger counterparts. It leverages a trained model from a source domain (teacher) to enhance an untrained model in a target domain (student) with significantly fewer parameters. Through transfer learning, we utilize pre-trained deep learning model parameters as initial values. This paper also explores integrating intangible cultural heritage (ICH) information with school curricula, transforming traditional knowledge presentation into intuitive, personalized displays. Our findings highlight that ICH visualization spans nine categories, with traditional arts and crafts leading with 25 items. Interestingly, only 22.58% of students understand Native American culture, pointing towards the potential for educational enhancement. The research suggests designing curriculum with varied teaching activities to improve .....

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The vocational high school principal is a determining factor for the progress or failure of a school. Therefore, the principal's performance evaluation must be optimal. This study explores the government direction on this performance evaluation in two neighboring countries: Indonesia and Malaysia. The research method uses a qualitative approach, by interviewing both school supervisors and principals, and analyzing documents. The steps are 1) collection of resources through multi techniques; 2) reducing data with the aim of simplifying and categorizing data; 3) presenting data in the form of qualitative descriptions; 4) drawing conclusions and 5) compiling research reports and formulate comparative research findings. For Indonesia, once a year, the School Supervisor and a team from the Education Office in Indonesia are responsible for carrying out the review of the performance of the principals of vocational schools. The current evaluation of the principal of a vocational high school in.....

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Financial literacy has become an important element in improving the quality of individual, familial, societal, and national well-being. This study aims to find the relationship between parental income and financial literacy level among students at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. The research employed a quantitative method using a closed-ended questionnaire to collect the data for the analysis. The research sample was selected using a stratified sampling technique and simple random sampling that consists of 366 undergraduate education students. The result indicates that parental income has a weak and significant positive relationship with financial literacy levels among students. Based on the regression analysis, the father’s income explains about 2.76% of the variance in financial literacy, while the mother’s income explains 10.8% of the variance in financial literacy. The results of this study show that parental income has a relationship with student’s financial literacy lev.....

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The aim of this study is to produce a product in the form of an assessment model for autistic children through art therapy to improve their concentration ability in inclusive early childhood education schools. This research is conducted as a Research and Development (R&D) exploration employing the ADDIE model, which involves (1) analyzing the need for implementing assessments in the field, (2) designing assessment models based on the results of field analysis, (3) developing the assessment model through validation and revision towards a product that is ready for trial, (4) implementing assessment models for autistic children in five inclusive early childhood education schools in Surakarta to test the feasibility of the model, and (5) evaluating to determine the final product. The population consists of autistic students from inclusive early childhood education schools in Surakarta. Research instruments include interviews/observations, questionnaires, tests, and product validation instr.....

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Online distance learning policies were formulated and implemented among some Malaysian universities long ago, but their value emerged since COVID-19. Emanating from the diffusion of innovation theory, this study examined the perception of higher education students on the influence and relationship between six independent variables (compatibility, observability, relative advantage, complexity, trialability, and digital skills) and one dependent variable (digital literacy). A total of 524 respondents were sampled, comprising students from six public and private Malaysian universities. The findings from the correlation analysis show a significant positive relationship between the six independent variables and the dependent variable. Meanwhile, in the regression analysis, three of the independent variables (observability, trialability, and digital skill) have a significant and positive effect on digital literacy. This study placed the diffusion of innovation in a specific context that supp.....

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