Fluconazole is one of the commonly prescribed antifungal with recommendation for therapeutic level monitoring to ensure its levels are within therapeutic range to reduce the risk of adverse effects, toxicity of this otherwise safe drug and to prevent occurence of resistant fungi. A sensitive and robust method was developed to quantitate the level of fluconazole in human serum using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Using Agilent SB-C18 column (50 x 2.1mm, 1.8 μm particle size), fluconazole was eluted separately from the internal standard using mobile phase (A) 0.1% formic acid in water and (B) methanol. The flow rate was set at 0.4 mL/min in positive ionization mode. The method was linear from 156.25 ng/mL to 5,000 ng/mL (r2 = 0.999) with the recovery of 80-90%, and the accuracy and precision of 89-101% and 0-10%, respectively. Fluconazole was also proven stable under different test conditions with the accuracy of 87-114%. The developed method met .....

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Konsep utama dalam upacara komuniti Batak Toba ialah perbincangan mengenai kesedaran bahawa konsep muzik tradisional mempunyai ciri-ciri idiografis yang tidak berubah. Penyiasatan ini memberikan tumpuan kepada analisis: 1). Perubahan dalam repertoir lagu sebagai hibriditi budaya yang mewujudkan ruang sosial baharu. 2). Suasana dinamik sosial fikiran manusia berubah dalam varian muzik mengikut perubahan zaman. Gondang Sabangunan mengalami perubahan bentuk, sifat dan rupa yang telah disesuaikan dengan kumpulan muzik kombo band moden, tanpa mengubah struktur budaya muzik tradisional Batak Toba. Mengenal pasti asal usul lagu telah menjadi sumber inspirasi kepada perubahan sintetik jika dibandingkan dengan perubahan muzik popular yang digunakan. Pandangan dekonstruksi membolehkan andaian baru diubah oleh pemuzik dan penonton. Hasil kajian meletakkan identiti budaya muzik Batak Toba dengan ambivalensi perubahan makna aestetik dan alat muzik. Kesedaran antara dua pandangan berbeza.....

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Diospyros argentea is distributed mainly in Southeast Asia where it has been used to repel mosquitoes and its pounded roots are applied externally to treat herpes zoster. Chemical investigation of D. Argentea leaves resulted in the isolation of three steroids, β-sitosterol (1), β-sitostenone (2), and stigmasterol (3), together with five triterpenes, identified as friedelin (4), taraxerol (5), taraxerone (6), betulin (7), and lupeol (8). Their structures were elucuidated using spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence. To the best of our knowledge, all compounds were isolated for the first time from this species...

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Western classical pianism has developed and taken many transformations, which has led to the creation of new sounds. The inclination and artistic derivations of the virtuosic musician, composer, keyboardist, and improviser had become prevalent during the 18th and continued into 19th century pianism. The practice of improvisation decreased with composers’ concern of the score’s fidelity and began to notate in detail during the 20th century. This has become a limitation to the performer’s creativity during a performance. The aim of this dissertation is to explore added embellishment of contemporary piano works from an established Turkish pianist Fazil Say (b.1970), who performs Western classical repertory alongside his piano solo works. The application of embellishment is considered a modification to the written notations based on relevant studies by Paul Thom (2007) and Jullian Hellaby (2009). This study of Say’s life, musical experiences and analysis of his selected .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji kesan Modul Kaunseling Kelompok Terapi Rasional Emotif Tingkah laku (MKKTRET) terhadap aspek psikologikal perokok remaja iaitu kepercayaan tidak rasional, stres, kebergantungan terhadap rokok dan kesediaan berhenti merokok. Reka bentuk kajian eksperimen kuasi praujian-pascaujian melibatkan subjek kajian Kumpulan Rawatan Kebergantungan Merokok Tinggi (KRKMT), Kumpulan Rawatan Kebergantungan Merokok Sederhana (KRKMS) dan juga Kumpulan Kawalan melalui kaedah cabutan. Kajian telah dilakukan di sebuah institusi pendidikan kemahiran di Perak yang terdiri daripada perokok remaja berumur di antara 18 hingga 25 tahun iaitu seramai 64 orang subjek kajian. Bagi menguji kesan MKKTRET terhadap pemboleh ubah-pemboleh ubah terikat, alat ujian Smoking Rationalization Scale (SRS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Glover-Nilson Smoking Behavior Questionnaire (GN-SBQ) dan University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA) digunakan yang diuji pada praujian d.....

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Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh efikasi kendiri, persepsi sokongan organisasi dan hubungan sosial di tempat kerja terhadap prestasi kerja hospital di mediasi oleh kesediaan perubahan. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah kajian tinjauan menggunakan soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian. Sampel yang terdiri daripada 333 orang kakitangan daripada lima Hospital Muhammadiyah berkelas C dan lima Hospital Muhammadiyah berkelas D di Jawa Timur dipilih menggunakan teknik pensampelan rawak berstrata berkadar. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik Pemodelan Persamaan Struktural (SEM). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa efikasi kendiri (β=0.573, p..

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in Malaysia, however, adherence to medications remains the main issue in achieving optimal treatment outcomes. This study was conducted to explore the psychosocial relationships model on medication adherence among patients with CHD in Malaysia. The study involved the sequential mixed method design; Firstly, it explores the – psychosocial factors associated with medication adherence through a qualitative interview on the CHD patient’s treatment experiences (N=22, 88% males) as well as their family caregivers (N=15). Secondly, questionnaires based on the qualitative findings were developed and validated; and finally, the relationships between the psychosocial factors with medication adherence among the CHD patients (N=235, 73.6% males) were determined. Qualitative findings revealed five factors such as psychosocial beliefs, doctor-patient relationship, seeking information behaviour, social support needs, and lifes.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pandangan guru terhadap penggunaan Model 2D Shapes bagi  meningkatkan pengajaran bentuk dan wama dalam kalangan murid prasekolah. Kajian ini telah  dijalankan di sekolah yang menyediakan kelas prasekolah di sekitar Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Seramai 52  orang guru prasekolah daerah Kota Bharu, Kelantan telah terlibat sebagai responden kajian ini.  Kaedah yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaaan kajian ini ialah kaedah kuantitatif. lnstrumen berkaitan  dengan kajian diperolehi melalui set borang seal selidik yang diedarkan kepada responden. Data-data  yang diperolehi daripada borang seal selidik dianalisis dalam bentuk peratusan min dengan  menggunakan kaedah pemeringkatan skala likert. Proses menganalisis data tersebut telah dibuat  melalui program komputer Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS). Pada umumnya dapatan kajian  ini menunjukkan tahap pandangan guru yang tinggi tentang penggunaan model 2D Shapes ini bagi  pengajaran bent.....

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A flavonoids-rich extract and seven flavonoids from the leaves and heartwoods of A. anisophyllus Miq. and A. lowii King were investigated for their inhibitory effects against acetylcholinesterase enzyme. The flavonoids were fully characterized spectroscopically as artocarpin (1), isobavachalcone (2), pyranocycloartobiloxanthone A (3), 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-6-prenylflavanone (4), 5-hydroxy-7,8-(2,2-dimethylchromano)-4'-methoxy-flavanone (5) 4',5-dihydroxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-2'-methoxy-8-γ,γ-dimethylallylflavone (6) and 2',4'-dihydroxy-3,4-(2",2"-dimethylchromeno)-3'-prenyldihydrochalcone (7). Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the samples was determined using TLC plate with bioactivity staining based on the Ellman’s method. Pyranocycloartobiloxanthone A (3) exhibited an excellent inhibitory activity with detection limit at 7.81 μg/mL...

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The need for increased teacher productivity has become widely recognized, as is the fact that it depends on efficient and effective in-service training. In-service training is founded on the idea that teachers' skills must be strengthened for schools to grow. This study compares the productivity levels of teachers exposed to in-service training and those without training. A field survey was conducted among teachers in selected secondary schools in Akowonjo Education District Lagos-State, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was employed for this study, and questionnaires were distributed to 80 subject teachers within the selected secondary schools. Demographic profiling, descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and T-test statistics were used to analyze the data collected. The study's findings demonstrated that teacher productivity is determined by in-service training. The study also revealed that teachers who participate in the training program are more likel.....

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