Let a pair , X  be functional calculus, where  is a homomorphism from the space of the measurable functions on ,  into the space of all linear bounded operators LB X , X  on a reflexive Banach space X . We define a norm of functional calculus  by    , , ,supL X Xf ff     1 , the convergence of the sequence of functional calculi is a convergence relative to this norm. We study the correspondence between sequences of spectral decompositions, well-bounded operators  n A defined on the reflexive Banach space X , and their correspondence with the theory of functional calculus for such operators. In this article, we establish that if a sequence of the projection-valued measures    ,  nE   I strongly converges to E   ,  I then the sequence   n  of the functional calculi converges to the functional calculus . Results of the article can be employed in t.....

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A unique plant from the rainforest of Sarawak, Malaysia, Goniothalamus lanceolatus Miq., was chosen for a phytochemical study based on its ethnomedicinal characteristics amongst the locals. Isolation and purification of a minor compound exhibiting similar retention characteristics was made possible by using preparative Recycling HPLC. Due to a recycle valve in the HPLC system, this method enables the unresolved peaks to recirculate into the column repeatedly until the peaks were successfully separated as pure entity. During the recycling process, solvent consumption is not needed. Recycling HPLC expediates the isolation and purification of complex mixtures in such a sustainable way. One styryl lactone was successfully isolated and identified as 6S,7S,8S-(-)-goniodiol. Keywords: Recycling HPLC, Goniothalamus, Goniothalamus lanceolatus..

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Feed formulation is important in ensuring the quality of livestock production and sustaining the self-sufficient of the livestock industry in the country. Currently, local farmers have been feeding their lambs with goat pellets and this has caused an imbalance between nutrient feeding in lambs. In this study, a modified linear programming (LP) model is proposed to optimize a specific lamb feed formulation that satisfies the nutrient requirement at a minimum cost. The dietary nutritional requirements for lambs were derived from the standard criteria of the 1985 National Research Council. The modified LP model considers the nutrients needs of lambs according to their weight, the amount of nutrients to be consumed and the cost of each feedstuff. This study focuses on obtaining the optimal amount of feedstuff in the lamb feed that is determined based on the solution of a modified model. The analysis of the resulting price of goat pellets available in the local market was performed. The res.....

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Images and metaphors have a significant impact on the mathematical knowledge of indigenous students. Several studies on indigenous education have found that indigenous students have very different ideas about learning mathematics. In this regard, research on images of mathematics and metaphors related to mathematics learning held by indigenous students is considered distinct and novel in relation to past research. The purpose of this case study is to investigate the mathematical images and metaphors in Pahang, Malaysia. A purpose-sampling technique was used to collect data digitally and descriptive analysis was performed on the responses of 31 indigenous students. The use of images and metaphors as constructions gives a glimpse into how students view themselves as mathematics learners and what they do while learning mathematics. Furthermore, images and metaphors help to construct meaning for abstract mathematical concepts because they connect to a variety of different senses. The findi.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti persepsi murid Dual-Language Programme (DLP) terhadap Kemahiran Dwibahasa dan Penguasaan Istilah serta mengkaji lebih lanjut mengenai hubungan Kemahiran Dwibahasa dan Penguasaan Istilah terhadap Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT) bagi topik Nutrisi dan Sistem Pencernaan Manusia dalam kalangan murid tingkatan 4 Sains di SBPI. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian deskriptif menggunakan kaedah tinjauan dipilih untuk menjawab tiga persoalan kajian dan dua hipotesis kajian. Seramai 154 orang murid dipilih sebagai sampel kajian yang melibatkan dua buah sekolah di daerah Gombak iaitu Sekolah Berasrama Penuh Integrasi Rawang (SEPINTAR) dan Sekolah Berasrama Penuh Integrasi Gombak (INTEGOMB). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah soal selidik tinjauan yang diadaptasi daripada literatur sedia ada. Kesemua item diukur dengan format skala Likert 5 mata. Nilai pekali kesahan instrumen adalah antara 0.8 hingga 0.9 manakal.....

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The majority of fuzzy time series forecasting (FTSF) algorithms assess forecasting accuracy using an error-based distance. The predicted value is defuzzified to a crisp number and the error-based distance will be computed. Defuzzification causes some information to be lost, which leads to its inability to comprehend the level of uncertainty that has been preserved during the forecasting process. This paper proposes an enhanced FTSF model with forecasting accuracy developed based on a new hybrid similarity measure combining the centre of gravity and area and height. Three properties of the hybrid similarity measure are presented. The FTSF model is implemented in the case of the Malaysian unemployment rate. The findings indicate that, on average more than 94% of the predicted value was identical to historical data. The forecasting accuracy is produced directly from the forecasting value without undergoing the defuzzification process, which can preserve some information from being lost. .....

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A mathematical model known as Geometric Brownian motion has proven to be an effective tool that can be deployed to forecast the price of goods in the future due to the presence of random terms, which represent the stochastic or random fluctuation of prices over a given period of time. The success of this model revolves around the estimation of its governing parameters. To efficiently predict the price of goods, using the Geometric Brownian Motion model (GBM), one needs to determine the value of returns and use the calculated returns to estimate the value of drift as well as volatility. This research used the value of volatility and drift terms obtained from real data of sugar in the months under review. The method has shown to be very reliable in capturing the intelligent trend in the price of sugar in Malaysia. The model was able to stimulate the pattern of the predicted price that shares a great resemblance to the actual price of sugar. The result obtained is very encouraging and pla.....

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International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is a set of international accounting standards, which facilitate the reporting of financial results of companies. The purpose of this study is to examine the predictors and the effect of adopting IFRS on the organizational level in Libya. The population consists of 2,212 respondents. Using the random sample technique, the sample size accounted for 425 and a total of 248 responses were collected. The data was analysed using SPSS and AMOS. SPSS was used to examine the data and conduct the descriptive analysis while AMOS was used to conduct the regression analysis. The study proposed that perceived organizational factors (POF) (accounting capabilities (AC), top management support (TMS), and organizational readiness (OR), perceived technical factors (PTF) (compatibility (COMP) and complexity (COX), and perceived environmental factors (PEF) (government regulation (GR) and external pressure (ER) will affect the adoption of IFRS w.....

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Student-lecturing is an innovative teaching model which allows students to express their problem-solving strategies and ways of thinking using mathematical language. It not only allows students to demonstrate their thinking process, but also creates a relaxed classroom environment for students to overcome their fear of expressing mathematics, thus changing their attitude toward mathematics. However, the traditional teaching methods place students in a passive accepting position, causing them to believe that mathematics is difficult and dull, leading to a loss of interest in Mathematics. This study analyzed the effect of the student-lecturing teaching model on student attitude toward mathematics through a one-and -half-year controlled-experiment with eighth-grade students in Shaoguan, China. The result of this study shows that the student-lecturing teaching model not only helps to develop students' problem-solving and communication skills, but also gives students the opportunity to expr.....

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Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk membina model kepimpinan lautan biru, dan menentukan hubungan antara kepimpinan lautan biru, serta keterlibatan pekerja dengan prestasi pasukan dalam kalangan guru di kolej vokasional. Pengaruh mediator keterlibatan pekerja dalam hubungan antara kepimpinan lautan biru dan prestasi pasukan dalam kalangan guru telah diuji. Reka bentuk kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan kaedah tinjauan. Sejumlah 402 orang guru yang terdiri daripada 22 kolej vokasional yang terletak di Zon Utara mengambil bahagian dalam kajian ini. Mereka dipilih sebagai sampel kajian berdasarkan pensampelan rawak berstrata berkadar. Permodelan Persamaan Berstruktur digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kepimpinan lautan biru dapat diukur melalui tiga dimensi iaitu fokus, wawasan dan pengaruh ideal. Keterlibatan pekerja dapat diukur melalui tiga dimensi iaitu dedikasi, penyerapan dan semangat. Prestasi pasukan dapat diukur dengan men.....

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