We all know that warming up is to let the athletes be ready for the upcoming sports competition. This research is purposed to investigate the effect of warm-up sequence on muscular strength and cardiorespiratory performance among female Penang volleyball team. The research is also to find out which warm-up sequence will improve the muscular strength and cardiorespiratory performance. A total of 10 female volleyball athletes from Penang volleyball team (..

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dan mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi oleh pelajar di dalam topik operasi penambahan dan penolakan pecahan. Tinjauan awal dilakukan melalui semakan latihan dan ujian pra mendapati pelajar mempunyai masalah terhadap topik berkenaan. Hasil tinjauan tersebut seramai 10 orang pelajar telah dijadikan sampel kajian. Ia melibatkan pelajar tahun 4 di salah sebuah sekolah sekitar Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur. Pembinaan Fraction Cipher dilakukan sebagai bahan bantu mengajar bagi mengatasi masalah tersebut. Tiga instrumen utama digunakan dalam kajian ini seperti ujian pencapaian matematik (pecahan), instrumen pemerhatian dan instrumen temu bual separa struktur. Kajian dimulakan dengan ujian pra, intervensi selama empat minggu, ujian pos dan temubual pelajar seminggu selepas ujian pos dijalankan. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran jelas kemampuan Fraction Cipher sebagai bahan bantu pengajaran alternatif yang dapat dilaksanakan oleh guru da.....

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This pilot study was conducted with the aim to validate the instrument used in evaluating the competency of teachers in the field of technical and vocational education. This instrument consists of 45 items and is administered to 53 teachers from a selected vocational college. The Rasch Model with the help of the Winstep Version 3.72.3 software has been used in this study for the purpose of checking the functionality of the item and the validity of the instrument. An analysis has been made based on the suitability of items in measuring the construct, item and person reliability and separation index, polarity and residual correlation value. The Rasch analysis showed that the item reliability was valued at 0.92 while the person reliability valued at 0.96 with their item MNSQ between overfit (1.4). Based on the findings, there are three items that were dropped because of failing to meet the inspection criteria. The finalized instrument consists of 42 items, in which it is suitable for eval.....

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Green chemistry is an educational approach that is guided by Sustainable Development Education which aims to provide students with the knowledge of scientific solutions on how to solve environmental pollution. This study aimed to develop an instrument to gauge students’ level of green chemistry experiment, knowledge, attitude and practice and to test the usability of the questionnaire developed to explore students’ green chemistry experiment, knowledge, attitude and practice. This quantitative research employed a newly self-constructed Green Chemistry Awareness Questionnaire. The instrument validity and reliability is estimated by two experts and the reliability of the instrument was estimated during the pilot test, yielding Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.926. Questionnaires were distributed to 100 chemistry students from five secondary schools in Muallim district. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis to address all research questions. The indepen.....

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KLESF: The Fair 2017 is 3-day science fair organized in Malaysia to promote STEM education. This event has been conducted for four consecutive years, yet, little is known about the impact of the event. This study investigated the impact of KLESF: The Fair on Malaysia high school students. 360 students from three secondary schools volunteered to participate in the survey. They completed a pre-test on students’ motivation toward science learning before the event. A post-test, identical to the pre-test plus student engagement, capacity, and continuity outcome questionnaire was administered after the event. Results indicated that the students were engaged to and gained new knowledge from the event. This event positively influenced their desire to pursue a science-related career. The students’ motivation towards science learning has improved significantly after the event. Many students commented that the event was interesting, fun, attractive, enjoyable; they can learn and remember the .....

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Purpose of the study-The major objective of the research is to analyse how the events from the epic poem Ramayana are used in three Malaysian Tamil modern poems to portray the dilemma of the present-day spinsters. Methodology: The design of this study is qualitative method and the method of descriptive analysis has also been used. Main Findings: The findings show that the selected three Malaysian Tamil modern poems have been written to illustrate the problems faced by spinsters by using two events from the Ramayana. Of the three poems, one poem uses the event featuring Akalikai waiting for Rama's arrival to release her from her cursed life and two other poems showcase Sita waiting for the coming of Rama to break the bow and marry her. Applications of this study: This study is useful in finding out the effectiveness of using situations from epics to the poems of modern days in drawing examples, guidances and reflections so as to understand and find solutions to the problems of spinsters.....

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Nigeria has not been able to generate adequate revenue to match her expenditure over the years. It is not surprising therefore, that the country frequently operates deficit budget with its negative consequences on the current account balance. This study investigates the twin deficits hypothesis (that is, budget deficits and current account deficits relationship) for Nigeria over the 1981-2017 period using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) estimation techniques. The result of the cointegration test indicates that there is a long-run relationship between budget deficits and current account deficits (along with oil prices and interest rate). The estimation results show that increases in budget deficits lead to increases in current account deficits in Nigeria in the short-run and the long-run. This finding validates the Keynesian assertion, but refutes the Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis with respect to the relationship between the two def.....

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This study has brought a new dimension in engineering education where the researchers investigated the motivation of engineering undergraduates in using a specifically developed self-directed personalized learning environment utilizing WhatsApp application to overcome the issues that hamper the teaching and learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings showed that the respondents responded positively towards the intrinsic motivation and self-determination while the respondents responded negatively on assessment anxiety and grade motivation. The findings revealed that the developed platform need to be improved in order to bring forward as anal ternative teaching and learning platform in future.  ..

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A coastal tourist area is a natural resource of non-market goods where its economic value is important to assess and should be calculated due to the available resources to maintain for further generation use. The economic value of coastal tourist area was determined by the willingness to pay (WTP) among the tourist to assess to the tourist site. This article aims to determine the economic value of coastal tourist area in Pasir Bogak beach, Pangkor Island using Travel Cost Method (TCM). By adopting the travel cost method (TCM), the individual travel costs and expenses paid by local tourists for their visit to the coastal tourist area in Pasir Bogak beach were measured. A total of 64 local tourists were selected as respondents of the survey method. The findings suggested that the mean of the total expenses paid by an individual tourist for the duration of between two to three days stay in Pasir Bogak Beach was around RM 219.39 per visit. The studies show that Pasir Bogak beach receive le.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan membina Modul Love Biology dan menilai kesannya terhadap pencapaian kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi (KBAT) serta hubungan minat dengan KBAT pelajar. Pembinaan modul ini berdasarkan pembelajaran inkuiri dan koperatif dalam Bab 8: Ekosistem Dinamik. Kajian ini menggunakan dua jenis rekabentuk iaitu rekabentuk pembangunan bagi membangunkan modul menggunakan Model Sidek dan Jamaludin dan rekabentuk kuasi eksperimen untuk menentukan kesan modul terhadap KBAT. Pemilihan responden kajian dijalankan secara pensampelan rawak berkelompok melibatkan 86 orang pelajar tingkatan empat aliran sains yang mengambil mata pelajaran Biologi dari dua buah sekolah di daerah Betong, Sarawak. Responden kajian terdiri daripada 43 orang pelajar kumpulan rawatan dan 43 orang pelajar kumpulan kawalan. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan mendapat kesahan peratus persetujuan pakar yang tinggi untuk ujian pencapaian pra dan pasca (100%) dan soal selidik (93.2%) serta kebolehpercayaan yang.....

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