The integration of multimedia would enable teachers to take maximum advantage of technology to educate non-native students regarding Arabic language proficiency. Multimedia teaching has many benefits compared to the conventional teaching model, where we differentiate by incorporating multimedia which makes Arabic classes more energetic, vibrant and interesting. However, the significant impact of multimedia learning could be different toward gender as their interest and preference could be differ. Therefore, this study aims to investigate gender differences in learning Arabic language proficiency via M-learning among Malaysia university students. This study is a pre-test and post-test quasi experimental study which comprises of 84 males and 189 females in treatment group; and 197 students in control groups. All of the participants are lower beginner Arabic language learners from four universities in peninsular Malaysia which were selected through stratified random sampling technique. Th.....

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The aim of current study is to critically review some of the recently published articles tackling the concept and the importance of Game-based learning to come up with some practical recommendation that can be used in developing the mechanism of applying the concept and how we can use it during the COVID-19. The study recommends that to develop teaching methods and students? skills as well, by investing more in AI techniques which will create more usable games in teaching and learnings during and after COVID-19. Furthermore, educational institutions need to adopt and foster digital literacy to enhance the level of using the technology inside and outside the classroom which will enhance the learners? skills and decrease the risk of spreading the virus. ? 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG...

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Theoretical calculations of structural, electronic, excitonic and optical properties of N-doped Sb2S3 are studied using highly accurate first-principles approach within many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) formalism. The calculated structural parameters of undoped Sb2S3 within Wu-Cohen's generalized gradient approximation (WC-GGA) are reasonably close to those obtained in experimental measurement. Many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) based on the G0W0 approximation is used for the quasiparticle (QP) band structure. The bandgap value of 1.70 eV for the undoped Sb2S3 crystal within G0W0 approximation is consistent with the experimental value of 1.70?1.80 eV. When one atom of N is introduced into Sb2S3 at Sb site, the doping effects modified the band gap from 1.70 to 1.17 eV. Also, by introducing one atom of N to S site, the band gap value reduced to 0.96 eV. Our findings confirmed that non-metal doping narrow the energy gap of semiconductor materials. The optical properties of pure and N.....

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Image Processing was a form of processing of input data signals in the form of images. This input image was transformed into another image with certain techniques. The techniques used in image processing were intensity adjustment, histogram equalization, thresholding, motion blur, canny and median filtering. Image processing could be used to do tracking. This tracking was a job to follow the movement of the object caught on the camera. Tracking using image processing could be utilized in various fields. In this study, the DC motor control system was discussed by utilizing image processing to detect hexagon shaped objects. In addition to detecting the shape that was detected, this image processing was also to detect color. The color of the detected object was orange. This motor speed followed the object's motion horizontally. So, if the object was shifted to the right, the system will rotate slowly, whereas if it was moved to the left, the system will rotate quickly. This motor control .....

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The symmetry triangular fuzzy number has been developed to build fuzzy autoregressive models by using various approaches such as low-high data, integer number, measurement error, and standard deviation data. However, most of these approaches are not simulated and compared between ordinary least square and fuzzy optimization in parameter estimation. In this paper, we are interested in implementation of measurement error and standard deviation data in construction symmetry triangular fuzzy numbers. Additionally, both types of triangular fuzzy numbers are deployed to build a fuzzy autoregressive model, especially the second order. The simulation result showed that the fuzzy autoregressive model produced the smaller mean square error and average width if compared with the ordinary autoregressive model. In the implementation, the high accuracy was also achieved by the fuzzy autoregressive model in consumer goods stock prediction. From the simulation and implementation, the proposed fuzzy au.....

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The aim of the research is to develop models and modules for teaching English as a second language to weak learners. A qualitative research design was employed. Data were collected through classroom observations and focus-group interview with a group of students. Fifteen ESL learners, one ESL teacher and principal participated in the study. The learners are Form Three students in a private Islamic school in Malaysia. The students were given a total of five compositions to write. They wrote one composition each time the researchers visited them. The students were observed as they wrote. The problems they had were noted by the researchers. The observations made revealed the learners' weaknesses at writing compositions in English. A focus-group interview was made after each observation to probe further into their problems of learning English. An informal conversation was also conducted with the English Language teacher during each visit. While conducting the research it was discovered tha.....

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This study investigated Malaysian preschool teachers? self-efficacy and attitudes toward the use of the English language as a medium of instruction (EMI) and proposed a model of how different variables were related to their use of English in the classrooms. In order to obtain a broad picture of the nature and scope of preschool teachers? use of EMI, a survey study was undertaken. The research instrument was a questionnaire that was distributed to randomly-selected preschool teachers throughout Malaysia. The process of modeling was based on the empirical data and a theoretical model that was constructed on the basis of the two theoretical aspects, that is self-efficacy and attitudes-behavior relation. The theoretical model served as a bridge between the abstractions from theory and the development of the model. The model suggested that strong self-efficacy influenced preschool teachers? use of English to teach. In addition, the model also indicated that those preschool teachers with pos.....

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Numerous review studies were conducted in the past to examine the technology acceptance model (TAM) on the one hand, and the social media adoption on the other hand. However, understanding the factors affecting the adoption of social media in higher education through the lenses of TAM is still not yet examined. Therefore, this study aims to systematically review the TAM-based social media studies for identifying the most dominant factors. This study also attempts to determine the most dominant publication venues through which the analyzed studies were published. Out of 539 articles collected, a total of 57 studies were found to meet the inclusion criteria, and hence, were included in the analysis phase. The results indicated that ?perceived enjoyment?, ?subjective norm?, ?self-efficacy?, ?perceived playfulness?, ?perceived critical mass?, and ?openness? were the most frequent factors affecting the adoption of social media in higher educational institutions. The identification of these .....

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Due to the pivotal role that interaction plays in SLA, the issue of willingness to communicate has drawn considerable attention among researchers in the field. Nonetheless, literature on WTC has been primarily theoretical; little has been done to find practical solutions to the problem that could actually help ESL practitioners in their daily classroom practice. In light of this, the current article is a review of past studies on how to foster WTC. It begins with providing some insights on how to facilitate L2 WTC gained from the identified studies. Next, based on the review, it is highlighted that the current research trend tends to focus on facilitating in-class WTC, with less attention given on out-of-class WTC. This might lead to a separation between in-class and out-of-class learning. To address this issue, the article ends with a series of suggested activities which employs a multi-systematic approach to learning (Akkerman and Eijck, 2011) and a critical conception of in-class le.....

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Kaolin has been found to be a more economical alternative in ceramic hollow membrane fabrication compared to alumina, silica, and zirconia despite having similar properties. However, it was discovered that apart from having high mechanical strength and the ability to withstand high operational temperature, the kaolin membrane has the tendency to dissolve in a high alkaline solution. Hence, in this study, zirconia (ZrO2) was imposed to kaolin suspension as co-starting material due to its stable hexagonal properties with kaolin to overcome this drawback. To study the dissolution property of the modified kaolin-based membrane, a phase inversion technique was used to fabricate zirconia-kaolin hollow fiber membrane (ZKHFM) followed by immersion in ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) as an alkaline solution. Ammonia was aptly chosen for it being considered as one of the pollutants to be removed from wastewater. The mechanism, morphology and properties of the membrane were investigated in terms of sin.....

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