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Respect has been shown to provide psychological, social, and academic advantages; nevertheless, most academics have not given it enough credit in terms of encouraging students’ character development. Al-Zarnūjī’s idea, a classical Muslim scholar, as a point of reference for his esteemed work on the concept of Ta‘līm al-Muta‘allim has been one of the references in learning and teaching guidelines among pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Indonesia. This article aims to critically explore respect as a moral concept and explain how respect can contribute to current discussions in developing character education from the perspective of al-Zarnūjī’s Ta‘līm al-Muta‘allim. A critical analysis of books and journals that were cited was done concerning the contributions made in the field of character education. The study’s findings have led to three major disputes. The first is deference to knowledge as a source of illumination. Secondly, it is deference to the instructo.....

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This study was conducted to investigate the role of academicians as mentors to student startup entrepreneurs in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Although the lecturers at Polytechnic and Community College (PolyCC) may not be real entrepreneurs themselves, they have effectively nurtured student entrepreneurs who have sustained their businesses to this day. Nevertheless, this success rate is quite modest when compared to the total number of mentors that have been appointed. Hence, the objective of this study is to comprehend the methods by which non entre preneurial academics effectively fulfill their responsibilities as mentors, as well as the aspects that impact their efficacy in mentoring students toward entrepreneurship. The research design employed in this study is qualitative and utilizes a semi-structured interview instrument. The instrument's validity has been confirmed by four experts, and it exhibits a Cohen's Kappa value of 1.0. The sampling method employed is purposive s.....

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21st century learning is a dynamic and interconnected educational environment that leverages technology, fosters collaboration, and supports continuous and personalized learning. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between learning outcomes, learning contents, deliver y strategies, learning activities and assessment forms in Structured Technology-Enhanced Collaborative (ST-EC) Learning Environment. To fulfil the research purpose, we developed a questionnaire with sufficient reliability as an instrument to evaluate teachers’ perspectives on five components in the ST-EC learning environment. The valid responses were collected from 240 primary school teachers. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis was used to examine the relationship between the constructs in the hypothesised model. Given that the structural model exhibited a good fit to the data (CFI = 1.934; IFI = 0.989; TFI = 0.912; and RMSEA = 0.063). The findings reveal the significant relevance of the m.....

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Despite the growing recognition of mental health challenges among university students, the effectiveness and adaptability of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in these settings, particularly in terms of diverse delivery methods and their impact on outcomes, remains underexplored. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) rigorously evaluates the efficacy of CBT in reducing stress among university students, utilizing the PRISMA 2020 framework. The review analyzes 27 carefully selected articles, focusing on objective analysis, diverse delivery methods, session and treatment duration, various CBT interventions, and the applied skills and strategies. The findings confirm CBT as an exceptionally effective stress management tool, noted for its adaptability and versatility. The study underscores the importance of online CBT and emphasizes the need for interventions tailored to the diverse needs of students, enhancing their mental well-being. In light of these findings, future research should i.....

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The computational thinking (CT) skills of students will be revised, increasing their future viewpoint in the sphere of scientific activities, notably in education interest. Game-based learning (GBL) appears to have the potential to improve students’ motivation to learn. Students’ GBL is associated with higher mathematics performance, and GBL’s strong relationship with CT may have an even larger effect. The entirety of this CT education research is focused on undergraduate classrooms; little is revealed about how GBL support CT in K-12, particularly in primary schools. This study utilized a Structural Equation Model (SEM) in modelling the relationship between CT and GBL among primary school students. A sample of 90 primary school students from Malaysia was chosen. In this study, the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was employed to develop the model. The results demonstrate that empirical evidence, coupled with prior observations verified the model develope.....

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The English curriculum is the basic part of the curriculum system of vocational higher education institutions (VHEIs) in China, and it is the public compulsory curriculum that students of all majors must study. It not only cultivates students’ ability to learn and apply English but also lays an English foundation for students’ future further learning and lifelong development. The purpose of this study is to validate the evaluation instrument for English curriculum system. This is a quantitative research and the questionnaire has adapted from previous scholars. A stratified random sampling technique has been employed to select 350 English lecturers from a total of 864 English lecturers at 20 vocational HEIs in Shandong Province, China. The results showed: i) Each dimension Clonbach alpha coefficient and McDonald’s omega (Composite reliability) are more than 0.70. ii) For the convergent validity, each item factor loading >0.5, each dimension AVE >0.5. iii) For the discriminant vali.....

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TheAsia Rugby Men's Championship (ARMC) is a well-known platform for rugby teams in the area to exhibit their abilities and compete on an international level. The tournament's physical and psychological strains on competitors may have consequences for their overall health. The purpose of this study is to look at the training load and the acute-to-chronic workload ratio (ACWR) and to evaluate the wellness on the Malaysia Rugby squad during the Asia Rugby Men's Championship 2023. The study enlisted the participa-tion  of  30  Malaysia  Rugby  squad  members.  Throughout  the  competition,  training  load  data  such  as  session  time,  session  rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), and numerous wellness indicators such as fatigue, sleep quality, mood, muscular soreness, and stresslevel were thoroughly evaluated. The ACWR was determined by dividing the chronic workload rolling average by the acute workload rolling average. The data demonstrated differences in training lo.....

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Calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect PABA, the primary sunscreen component. This study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene (C4), calix[6]arene (C6), and PABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory (DFT). Using the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) technique, an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various substrates. Based on the Langmuir study, the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:1. All of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur elemental analyzer (CHNS). The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and PABA. The sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the h.....

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Classroom assessment is essential for tracking students’ progress and improving teaching and learning in the classroom. However, the lack of clear documentation to guide teachers in assessing student mastery often hinders effective communication between teachers and stakeholders about the students’ progress. This study aimed to develop and test the digital classroom assessment document (CA-Do) for form one mathematics to improve classroom assessment practices. Design research and development method, based on ADDIE model, was used to create the digital CA-Do, and 55 mathematics teachers from 55 schools were sampled using stratified sampling. The data collected was then analyzed using SPSS version 27. The digital CA-Do received a satisfactory expert validity score of content validity index (1.00), and found all four tested sub-constructs (i.e., usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction of use) to be of high level. There were significant differences in teachers’ kn.....

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