This research was undertaken to determine the physical characteristics among successful soldiers participating in the Basic Commando Course series 1/AK 2014 for 12 weeks, at Sungai Udang Camp, Malacca. A total of 37 male soldiers who had passed the commando practice test were selected to participate in this research, with special approval from the Malaysian Armed Forces Training Base. The anthropometric data of the body and fitness levels, were taken before, during and after the entire duration of the training. The successful commando candidates (commando trainees) aged 22.3±2.85 years, with a mean height of 1.71±0.03 m, mean weight of 60.76±5.18 kg, mean BMI of 22.02±1.38 kg/m2, and mean waist circumference of 68.92±2.48 cm.  All physical fitness parameters showed a decrease in the level of physical fitness from the beginning to the end of the study period. In conclusion, the Malaysian commando selection training for twelve weeks produced a significant negative impact on the le.....

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The aim of this study was to measure the perspectives of early childhood teachers on the effectiveness of teaching vocabulary through music. The samples of the study were 30 early childhood teachers in Sarawak. Quantitative approach was used and the design of the study was an online survey. An instrument was developed which focuses on the investigating early childhood teachers’ perspectives on the effectiveness of teaching vocabulary through music.  The findings highlighted that the teachers emphasised the teaching of vocabulary in English language learning should be fun and engaging for the young English language learners. The implication of the study suggests that teachers must be professionally-trained to use nursery rhymes and songs in teaching vocabulary in early childhood classroom.  ..

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Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengenal pasti kesan latihan pliometrik bagi komponen kuasa, kelajuan dan ketangkasan terhadap atlet bawah umur 16 tahun. Seramai 32 orang subjek lelaki yang dipilih secara rawak sebagai sampel kajian dan berlatar belakangkan dari pelbagai jenis sukan. Subjek dibahagikan kepada 2 kumpulan iaitu kumpulan intervensi (N=16) dan kumpulan kawalan (N=16). Subjek menjalani latihan selama 5 minggu.  Bateri ujian yang digunakan adalah lari pecut 30 meter, lari ulang alik 30 kaki dan lompat menegak untuk menguji kesan latihan pliometrik yang diberi. Data yang diperolehi dianalisis dengan menggunakan ujian T. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kumpulan rawatan berjaya meningkatkan prestasi dalam kesemua ujian yang dijalankan manakala tiada perbezaan antara ujian pra dan pasca dalam kumpulan kawalan untuk ketiga-tiga ujian. Berdasarkan keputusan ini, latihan pliometrik yang diberikan dapat membantu meningkatkan kuasa, kelajuan dan ketangkasan.  ..

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The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric nature of athletes regarding prosocial and antisocial behavior in sports. The sample of this research is athletes in junior high or high school in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and the Province of Bali. For prosocial behavior, the reliability test showed a statistical data of 0.780 for the school athletes in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and 0.775 for the school athletes in the Province of Bali.  For the antisocial behavior, results showed 0.817 for the school athletes in the Special Region of Yogyakarta while 0.501 for the school athletes in the Province of Bali. This study concludes that Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior in Sport Scale (PABSS) can be used to measure the prosocial and antisocial behavior of junior high school athletes and senior high school athletes in various regions of Indonesia. It was also found that PABSS can be used with different genders.  ..

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Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara pengambilan kafein dan tahap keagresifan dalam kalangan atlet Kor SUKSIS. Kajian ini berbentuk kaedah tinjauan dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik berkaitan pengambilan kafein dan tahap keagresifan The Judgements About Moral Behavior in Youth Sport (JAMBYSQ). Peserta kajian terdiri daripada 80 orang atlet sukan berpasukan SUKSIS yang dipilih secara rawak. Data telah dianalisis menggunakan ujian statistik deskriptif, ujian t tidak bersandar dan korelasi Pearson.  Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat perbezaan signifikan (p = 0.014) bagi tahap kekerapan pengambilan kafein antara atlet lelaki (2.00 ± 0.87) dan atlet perempuan (1.50 ± 0.76). Selain itu, bagi tahap keagresifan pula tidak terdapat perbezaan signifikan antara atlet lelaki (3.37 ± 0.60) dan atlet perempuan (3.23 ± 0.66) serta tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengambilan kafein dengan tahap keagresifan semasa bersukan (r =0.024, n = 80, p =0.831.....

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Goal orientation is a part of the psychological factors that needed by athletes to achieve a better performance in a competition. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference of goal orientation between gender and type of sports among Karnival Sukan Mahasiswa UiTM (KARiSMA) Perak athletes. Task and ego sport questionnaire (TEOSQ) was used to examine the goal orientation among athletes. There were four hundred (n=400) participants for this study. The results show that there was no significant difference between task orientation and gender. However, there was a significant difference observed between genders of athletes in terms of ego orientation. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in goal orientation between types of sport. In conclusion, if the athletes were able to set the goals in task orientation, the athletes can achieve better in sport.  ..

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Music can give influence on a lot of thing. It was known as one of the sources for entertainment. It has been classified to regulate emotion, grab attention, for lift the spirit and increased work output. Nowadays, people love listening to music believed that it entertains them and thus helps to motivate the person to continue the activity. The aim of this study was to determine the differences music tempo towards emotion among gym users in UiTM Seremban 3. Sixty participants, which were gym users that attended to the gym in UiTM Seremban 3. Subjects were randomly assigned into three different groups (n=20 in each). Group 1 fast tempo (>120 bpm), group2 slow tempo (..

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This study aimed to investigate factors influencing the development of sports staff's competencies and develop methods for professional football clubs in Thailand. A questionnaire was used to collect responses from 287 staff of professional football clubs in Thailand. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data. An in-depth interview has been conducted among the sports staff's were carried out with analysis from nine experts. A development model of sports staff's competencies of professional football clubs in Thailand was finally designed.  The results of the study revealed that influential factors affecting the development of sports staff's competencies of professional football clubs in Thailand were significantly different at 0.05 in terms of their organizational atmospheres (flexibility), followed by their readiness in self-study including risky patients, ambiguity, learning complexity, mutual learning perspectives with useful processes, learning conception, and accept.....

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The aims of this study were to investigate relationships between the angular velocity of the lower limb and the foot velocity during instep and toe-poke kicking and to compare the angular velocity of the lower limb and the foot velocity between instep and toe-poke kicking. Twelve semi-professional futsal players were recruited in this study. Each participant performed instep and toe-poke kicking with the dominant limb to the ball which placed at a kick point (second penalty) of 10m distances from the goal and hit the target (1x1 m), which was centered between the goalposts.  Kicking was randomly assigned for each participant and recorded by 6 infrared cameras at 200 Hz. The results found that hip angular velocity was significantly correlated with the foot velocity, similar to knee angular velocity and the foot velocity during instep and toe-poke. Hip angular velocity was significantly different between instep and toe-poke (p..

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Motivasi adalah dorongan dalaman yang menjurus seseorang individu untuk memenuhi matlamat diri dan organisasi. Motivasi terdiri daripada dua bahagian iaitu motivasi instrinsik dan juga ekstrinsik. Secara umumnya, motivasi merupakan faktor psikologi penting yang sering kali dikaitkan dengan penglibatan atlet dalam sukan. Kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengenalpasti perbezaan jenis motivasi intrinsik dan ekstrinsik berdasarkan Self-Determination Theory (SDT) daripada perspektif jantina.  Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 63 orang atlet Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) (n=63; lelaki=30, perempuan=33) yang menyertai Karnival Sukan MASUM. Instrumen yang digunakan bagi mengukur motivasi atlet ialah melalui borang soal-selidik Skala Motivasi Sukan (Sport Motivation Scale, SMS-28) yang merangkumi kriteria motivasi intrinsik (untuk mengetahui, untuk menyempurnakan, untuk mendorong), ekstrinsik (pengaruh luaran, pengaruh introjeksi, pengaruh kenalpasti) dan amotivasi (demotivasi).  Hasi.....

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