This survey study aims to analyse training needs of lower secondary in-service teachers to foster higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in science teaching. The population of the study were lower secondary science teachers in Peninsular Malaysia. Multistage random sampling was employed and 220 respondents (a response rate of 65.3%) took part in this study. Data were gathered using a questionnaire that was specifically developed for the purpose of this study and has high validity and reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Borich formula was adapted to determine the discrepancy and to prioritise training needs. Results show that teachers have limited understanding of HOTS as well as the pedagogy to foster HOTS. The finding indicates that there is a need for training in all methods/activities/techniques to foster HOTS both in knowledge and performance dimensions. Ten competency items were identified as ‘Critical Training Needs’ that should be .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti aspek kohesi dan koheren dan perbandingan kekuatan dan kelemahannya dalam cerpen Antologi Jaket Kulit Kijang dari Istanbul menggunakan Analisis Wacana Kritis model Fairclough. Reka bentuk kajian ini ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan kaedah analisis dokumen oleh pengkaji sebagai sampel. Kajian analisis dan kepustakaan dilaksanakan di Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun UPSI, Perpustakaan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia dan Perpustakaan Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan sekitar Tanjung Malim. Analisis Wacana Kritis diaplikasikan dalam bahan sastera untuk melihat kekuatan dan kelemahan teks dari aspek kohesi dan koheren berpandukan model Fairclough. Lapan bahagian dalam aspek kohesi dan koheren telah digunakan dalam analisis teks cerpen. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan cerpen “Kaduk, Ayam dan Raja” memperoleh unit aspek kohesi dan koheren yang tertinggi iaitu berjumlah 98 unit berbanding 91 unit bagi cerpen “Jaket Kulit Kijang dari Istanbul”. Implikasi kajian menj.....

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Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengukur tahap dan faktor penglibatan pelajar dalam kegiatan kokurikulum Satu Murid Satu Sukan (1M 1S) sekolah rendah di Daerah Kuala Kangsar, Perak. Kajian ini juga mengukur tahap kebolehgunaan kemudahan dan peralatan sukan dan tahap kemahiran Guru Penasihat 1M 1S di sekolah. Di samping itu, kajian ini juga mengesahkan secara empirikal perkaitan di antara kedua-dua tahap tersebut dengan tahap penglibatan pelajar dalam kegiatan kokurikulum 1M 1S. Seramai 201 orang guru dipilih sebagai responden dan instrumen soal selidik atas talian telah digunakan. Analisis statistik deskriptif dan ujian korelasi telah digunakan dan hasil dapatan menunjukkan tahap penglibatan pelajar dalam kegiatan kokurikulum 1M 1S mencatatkan keputusan tertinggi pada peratusan kehadiran antara 80% hingga 100% dengan jumlah kekerapan sebanyak 116 iaitu 57.7%. Secara keseluruhan, tahap kebolehgunaan kemudahan dan peralatan sukan di sekolah adalah sederhana dengan analisis data n = 201.....

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Taste sensitivity plays an important role in influencing food preferences and thus nutritional status. It has been reported that children have low vegetable consumption. Differences in bitter taste sensitivity between individuals may influence vegetable consumption, especially Brassica vegetables. Glucosinolates (GSLs) are present in high amount in Brassica vegetables, and these compounds contain a thiourea group, which is partly responsible for the bitter taste of Brassica vegetables. The thiourea group also exists in 6-propylthiouracil (PROP), and the ability to taste it is genetically determined. Variations in the bitter taste receptor of TAS2R38 predominantly explain the differences in response of PROP perception. Additionally, phenotypic measure of fungiform papillae density (FPD) has been shown to contribute to taste sensitivity, and gustin (CA6) gene has been proposed to be involved in the development of papillae. Existing literature has shown that repeated taste exposure can mo.....

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Analisis corak pergerakan (CP) dalam kalangan pesakit Rekonstruksi Ligamen Krusiata Anterior (RLKA) adalah penting dalam perancangan rehabilitasi berkesan. Sehingga kini, maklumat berkaitan CP multiplanar aktiviti fungsian dalam kalangan dewasa sihat dan pesakit RLKA adalah terhad. Kajian ini bertujuan menilai CP aktiviti berjalan dan cangkung separa dalam kalangan dewasa sihat dan pesakit RLKA. Kajian kawalan kes terpadan ini melibatk:an seramai 28 individu lelaki (14 RLKA, 14 dewasa sihat) sepadan umur dan Indeks Jisim Tubuh. Sistem analisis pergerakan tiga dimensi (3D) digunakan bagi merekod CP peserta kajian semasa berjalan dan cangkung separa. Ujian-t berpasangan dan ujian-t tidak bersandar digunakan bagi menganalisis data sudut pergerakan torso, pelvis dan anggota bawah serta daya tujahan vertikal (DTV). Semasa berjalan, dewasa sihat menunjukkan CP multiplanar yang asimetri pada semua segmen tubuh serta DTV yang seimbang pada kedua-dua belah kaki. Bagi pesakit RLKA, CP multiplana.....

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Rhizobia are frequently used in the agriculture sector to enhance legume growth and improve soil fertility. There is growing interest in utilizing biological nitrogen fixation as a means of increasing the potential for sustainable intensification of food production whilst simultaneously reducing environmental damage caused by overuse of chemical fertilisers. Biochar, a recalcitrant carbon-rich product of pyrolysis which may be added to soil as a fertilizer or as a soil improver, alters soil physico-chemical properties usually by acting as a liming agent, by increasing water holding capacity or by modifying cation exchange capacity. The effects of biochar on the soil microbial community are not fully understood. Therefore, the main aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of biochar on the Rhizobium-legume relationship and determine whether biochar could increase legume growth. To achieve this aim, a series of growth experiments were carried out under controlled conditions .....

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The broad aim of the work undertaken in this thesis was to increase understanding of how environmental changes in aquatic environments impact host-parasite interactions in the experimentally amenable copepod - three spined stickleback - Schistocephalus solidus model using controlled, laboratory experiments. In natural environments, animals are being exposed to a suite of anthropogenic stressors including temperature and heavy metal pollution. In this thesis the effects of temperature and heavy metals pollution are studied to determine the effect of these stressor on the growth development, survival and life cycle of both hosts and parasites. This thesis first investigated the effect of the temperature on the survival of infective free­ swimming stages (coracidia) of Schistocephalus solidus, and their subsequent development as procercoid larvae in copepods (first intermediate hosts). The survival of coracidia was temperature-dependent, with the longest survival times at I 0°C, and bei.....

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This study aims to develop a modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes paste electrodes based fenchone azine ligand complexes for detecting copper, nickel and mercury. The fenchone diazine ligand complexes were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrodes were determined using square wave stripping voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that under optimal conditions, the electrodes showed a linear range between 0.1 nM and 1.0 µM, 10 nM and 1.0 µM, 5.0 µM and 0.1 mM with the limit of detection of 80 pM, 7.4 nM and 3.7 µM for detection of copper, nickel and mercury respectively. The interferences from Ba2+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Ce3+, Co2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Mg.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyiasat kesan instruksi permainan berasaskan model TGfU, Stail Pedagogikal SET dan Model Konvensional terhadap murid lelaki tingkatan dua dalam prestasi pelaksanaan kemahiran dan keupayaan membuat keputusan taktikal (hantaran dan jaringan) dalam permainan mini 4 lawan 4, serta keseronokan penglibatan dalam permainan bola baling. Kajian ini juga menggunakan penulisan nota refleksi bagi meneroka tanggapan murid tentang proses instruksi. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah kuasi-eksperimen pra-pasca ujian dengan dua kumpulan rawatan dan satu kumpulan kawalan. Sampel seramai N=96 pelajar yang berumur 13-14 tahun diagihkan secara rawak dan seimbang kepada tiga kumpulan n=32. Instrumen kajian kuantitatif terdiri dari Instrumen Penilaian Prestasi Permainan (GPAI) dan Skala Keseronokan Aktiviti Fizikal (PACES), serta nota refleksi digunakan bagi kajian kualitatif. Data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANCOVA dan post-hoc, manakala data kualitatif dianalisis berd.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan meneliti Tahap Bawah Sedar (TBS) dan proses informasi dalam penulisan karangan Bahasa Melayu (BM) ke arah peningkatan kognisi pelajar sekolah menengah. Kaedah kualitatif dengan pendekatan Hermeneutik telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Instrumen kajian terdiri daripada soalan berbentuk pendapat pelajar, soalan berbentuk pendapat guru dan analisis dokumen berbentuk penulisan karangan. Responden adalah terdiri daripada 40 orang pelajar tingkatan 4 yang menjawab soalan berbentuk pendapat pelajar, 2 orang guru yang menjawab soalan berbentuk pendapat guru dan 60 orang pelajar dari kategori pencapaian sederhana yang menjawab soalan analisis dokumen berbentuk penulisan karangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Hermeneutik yang berbentuk interpretasi teks. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pelajar dari kategori pencapaian sederhana menghadapi beberapa masalah seperti kekurangan keyakinan ketika mencungkil maklumat daripada TBS dan proses informasi. Kekurangan keyakina.....

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