Malaysia was developed under the political concensus among the multi-racial political leader. The struggle of the founding fathers of Malaysia led to the birth of an independence nation by 31 August 1957 as Tanah Melayu and became Malaysia after the joining of Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore on 1963. This article was written to analyse the experience of the coalition of multi-racial leaders in the struggle of independence using the historical approach. The understanding on this coalition will contribute to the new approach for the next generation to appreciate the concept of multiracial coalition as a fundamental for the future of Malaysian identity. Based on unity and harmony, inter-racial relations can be nurtured and always be preserved for the sake of an independent Malaysia. Failure to understand the past will cause a nation to fall back into the arena of racial strife and riots that will not benefit but harm the country. The implication is the collapse of an independent nation that .....

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The writing of this social science concept paper is conducted to explore the elements acting method implementation a Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) in education. Therefore, by researching the understanding of Secondary School Standard Curriculum (KSSM) in the implementation of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs), and how teachers make critical transformations Incorporate into the teaching plan, and implement teaching through the curriculum. The research was intended to introduce the modification of the acting method as an alternative method or known as critical pedagogy to strengthening the student aspirations. In addition, the acting method in depth through the transformation approach of Theater Arts such as Constantine Stanislavky (1946), Bertolt Brecht (1956) and Augusto Boal (1978). The culture of education in Malaysia, which is still based on a teacher-centered pedagogical approach, raises the question of the extent to which Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) can be implemen.....

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The challenge of 21st century education demands teachers to be creative in diversifying their teaching approaches in order to engage with the students and consequently achieve better learning outcomes in their respective classrooms. One of the teaching approaches that needs to be highlighted is fun learning through the integration of music lessons with the teaching of other subjects in school. This paper is focused on the analysis of related literatures related to the application of fun learning through the integration of music lessons with other subjects in the classroom. Critical analysis was conducted on past studies, particularly journal articles retrieved from several databases especially the Google Scholar. The result of the analysis showed the positive effects of using music and singing in the teaching and learning in the classroom especially in improving students understanding and mastery of the subject content as well as in improving students long-term memory. Meanwhile the su.....

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This study attempts to investigate the factors that affect the micro, small and medium entrepreneurs’ (MSMEs) intention to purchase micro-takaful schemes. Based on the theory of planned behaviour, an empirical analysis was employed to analyse the relationships based on 135 MSMEs in Perak, Malaysia. The findings imply that knowledge has a large and favourable impact on micro-takaful scheme attitudes and purchasing intentions. Besides, the findings reveal the significant effect of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control to induce purchase intention on micro-takaful. The findings shed light on the importance for Islamic takaful companies to transform their marketing strategies to reach potential clients particularly the MSMEs. Specifically, the takaful companies not only need to consider the micro, small and medium entrepreneurs’ behaviour in selling their products but also to revise the provision and the outreach of micro-takaful for the MSMEs in the remote and .....

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In this study, an instrument for measuring educators’ competency in implementing authentic learning approach have been developed. This study had obtained thirty-six items that represented eight dimensions. These items were derived and modified from extensive literature reviews from prior studies that resonates with educators’ competencies. The items later were validated by experts, and a pilot study was conducted with 250 respondents chosen from the state of Perak. Eight constructs (ie., Assessment Knowledge, Content Knowledge, Curricular Knowledge, Communication Skills, Classroom Management Skills, Teacher Sensitivity, Professional Commitment and Authentic Learning Teacher Competency) were created through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Cronbach’s Alpha was employed to verify the internal reliability of the instrument. This paper had provided a detailed explanation of the procedures for conducting the EFA to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure Authentic Learning Tea.....

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This study aims to explore the visible learning (VL) in teacher’s approach to the change of immediate behaviour of children in early childhood education centers in Banda Aceh. The six teachers from three early childhood education centers were selected as respondents. A qualitative approach was used in this study using interviews, observations and documentation in data collection. Data validation used triangulation and comparative techniques as well as critical analysis techniques in data analysis. This study seeks to find out the teacher's decision of children in phases of 2-4 and 4-6 years old of the learning program. The findings showed that visible learning approach is able to change children’s behaviour. The efforts of teachers to approach children who experience immediate behavioural changes are very much related to the actions of teachers who understand visible learning; and the efforts of teachers to approach children who experience immediate changes in behaviour towards chi.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan bagi mengenalpasti masalah yang dihadapi dalam pengurusan data di sekolah dan  Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah (PPD), membangunkan satu kaedah alternatif baru iaitu prototaip sistem  berasaskan web dan menilai kepenggunaan prototaip sistem yang dibangunkan. Pembangunan prototaip  sistem adalah berasaskan model prototyping. Manakala, penilaian bagi prototaip sistem pula  menggunakan kaedah kualitatif bagi menilai empat atribut utama iaitu kecekapan, keberkesanan,  kemudahbelajaran dan keselamatan. Bagi pengumpulan data, kaedah kualitatif menggunakan teknik temu  bual semi berstruktur digunakan. Responden bagi kajian ini terdiri daripada tiga pengetua sekolah  menengah serta sorang pegawai PPD di sebuah jajahan di Negeri Kelantan, Malaysia. Dapatan kajian  menunjukkan bahawa prototaip sistem yang dibangunkan menepati empat atribut kepenggunaan yang  dinilai. Kecekapan prototaip sistem dapat dilihat apabila ia tidak mengambil masa yang lama untuk  menyim.....

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In Thailand, the trumpet is a popular instrument that is utilised in various types of musical genres and styles. These styles include Western classical, jazz, Thai pop, Thai country and Thai fusion, which combines traditional Thai music with popular styles. Thai trumpet players are often required to play in more than one style, however, there are little opportunities to study these skills at the university level. The purpose of this study was to create curriculum content for the study of undergraduate applied trumpet performance in Thailand that will make it appropriate for Thailand. A qualitative methodology was employed for a developmental research approach through the process of collecting curricula from Thai universities and international experts; conducting interviews with four expert Thai trumpet instructors; and analysing and synthesising this curriculum data to create a new core curriculum that reflects international standards yet relevant to the Thai music scene. The resultant.....

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Public schools in Myanmar have offered music education as part of the regular curriculum since 2000; however, very little information is available about the current teaching practices of music education as well as differences and problems regarding music education in different types of schools. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of elementary music education in Yangon, Myanmar in three different types of schools: Public schools, private schools, and international schools. A mixed-method design was employed to achieve the purposes of the study. Qualitative data were collected using in-depth interviews with seven key informants. Quantitative data were collected from 93 respondents—33 music teachers and 60 classroom teachers responsible for teaching music—using a web-based questionnaire and telephone interviews. Both the quantitative and qualitative results indicated that compared to private schools and public schools, international schools rece.....

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Practice-led research has a long history in ethnomusicology and is currently reconsidered in many academic contexts all over the world. There has not been much literature written on the effects that a long-term active immersion in the music culture investigated can have on the “researched”, the “researcher” and the “research” itself. I experienced some of these effects as a native Italian who spent seven years learning, performing and researching in Java, Indonesia. I conducted my research led by the practice, inspired by the bi-musicality approach. Learning, performing and researching are approaches interrelated with each other and determine some interesting developments of investigation, not only within the research context, but in the research methodology itself. In this paper, I discuss the pros and cons of the practice-led research experience within the Javanese singing framework,considering the following specific aspects—new teaching strategies adopted by Javanese t.....

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