A phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of Calophyllum canum resulted in the isolation of a new xanthone dimer identified as biscaloxanthone (1), together with four compounds; trapezifoliaxanthone (2), tra-pezifolixanthone A (3), taraxerone (4) and taraxerol (5). The structures of these compounds were determined via spec-troscopic methods of IR, UV, MS and NMR (1D and 2D). The cytotoxicity of compounds 1-3 were screened against A549, MCF-7, C33A and 3T3L1 cell lines, wherein weak cytotoxic activities were observed (IC 50 > 50 μM).  ..

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This study performed to investigate the chemical compounds, toxicology, in vitro and in  vivo  antioxidant  capacity  of  Malaysian  Peperomia  pellucida  plant  towards  ICR mice.   The  qualitative  chemical  compound  test  was  performed  and  the  antioxidant capacity of P.  pellucida plant extract was analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH),  β-carotene   bleaching  and  oxygen  radical  absorbance  capacity  (ORAC) assays. The in vivo sub-acute  toxicity study that used the best solvent from  in vitro assay was done using ICR mice which were  randomly divided. The different doses of 50 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg  body weight of extract were administered daily for 21 days to the treated mice. The antioxidant  enzymes in liver and kidney of mice were investigated using standard assays.  P. pellucida only  exhibited the presence of alkaloid, phenol and saponin. The ability to scavenge free radical i.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan pengaruh pengetahuan, kemahiran dan sikap terhadap kesediaan menggunakan perisian AutoCAD dengan keperluan latihan sebagai mediator.  Responden kajian terdiri daripada 193 pengajar Teknologi Pembinaan yang dipilih  secara  rawak  di   kolej vokasional (KV)  di  semenanjung  Malaysia.  Instrumen yang  digunakan  dalam kajian ini  ialah  ujian  dan soal  selidik.  Data kajian  dianalisis secara  deskriptif  menggunakan   kekerapan,  peratusan,  min  dan  sisihan  piawai  serta secara  inferens  menggunakan  analisis   korelasi  Pearson  dan  regresi.  Hasil  analisis deskriptif  mendapati  komponen  pengetahuan   berada  pada  tahap  belum  kompeten dengan purata markah ujian 55.3% dan dapatan soal selidik  menunjukkan responden bersetuju (M=3.24, SP=0.87) bahawa mereka agak mengetahui mengenai penggunaan  perisian  AutoCAD.  Dalam  konteks  kemahiran  menggunakan  perisian  AutoCAD, r.....

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of interset rest duration on muscle activation  and  performance  during  resistance  training.  Fifteen  trained  men  were randomly  recruited  based  on  volunteerism  as  participants  of  this  study.  Participants were  instructed to perform three sets of bent-over row and biceps curl exercises with three  different   rest  intervals:  i)  60  seconds  (60s),  ii)  90  seconds  (90s)  and  iii)  120 seconds  (120s)   between  sets  in  a  randomized  crossover  design.  The  rest  interval between sets were  randomly performed in different days with a rest period of 72 hours. Each set was performed with 10  repetitions maximum loadings until fatigue. Muscle activation,  number  of  repetitions,  rating   of  perceived  exertion  (RPE)  and  heart  rate (HR) were analyzed using One Way Analysis of  Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures.  Results  showed.....

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Beginning teacher induction has become an important tool for ensuring teacher quality in the 21st century educational system. At the global level, induction programmes for the   beginning  teachers  are  designed  to  support  beginning  teachers  and  numerous countries have  designed their own programmes with the principles of adult learning theory  underpinning  the   induction  practices.  The  objectives  of  this  study  were  to identify the expectations of the  beginning teacher regarding their induction programme, develop  a  beginning  teacher   induction   programme  framework  and  validate  the framework.  This  study  utilized  the  survey  method   approach  supported  with  semi- structured interview and literature review. The method of data  collection through the survey involved 268 beginning teachers and the semi-structured interviews  involved ten beginning teachers. The survey was analysed using descriptive .....

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In this study, the roots of Garcinia hombroniana were chemically investigated, in which novel derivatives of xanthone and benzophenone, known as garcihomxanthone (1) and garcihombrianone (2), respectively, together with garceduxanthone (3), cheffouxanthone (4), norathyriol (5), and 2,3′,4,5′-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxybenzophenone (6) were isolated.. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques and evaluated based on references with previous literature data.  ..

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Given the rapid development of dehazing image algorithms, selecting the optimal algorithm based on multiple criteria is crucial in determining the efficiency of an algorithm. However, a sufficient number of criteria must be considered when selecting an algorithm in multiple foggy scenes, including inhomogeneous, homogenous and dark foggy scenes. However, the selection of an optimal real-time image dehazing algorithm based on standardised criteria presents a challenge. According to previous studies, a standardisation and selection framework for real-time image dehazing algorithms based on multi-foggy scenes is not yet available. To address this gap, this study proposes a new standardisation and selection framework based on fuzzy Delphi (FDM) and hybrid multi-criteria analysis methods. Experiments are also conducted in three phases. Firstly, the image dehazing criteria are standardised based on FDM. Secondly, an evaluation experiment is conducted based on standardised criteria and nine r.....

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Hybridization is one of the popular approaches in modifying the conjugate gradient method. In this paper, a new hybrid conjugate gradient is suggested and analyzed in which the parameter ?k is evaluated as a convex combination of while using exact line search. The proposed method is shown to possess both sufficient descent and global convergence properties. Numerical performances show that the proposed method is promising and has overpowered other hybrid conjugate gradient methods in its number of iterations and central processing unit per time.  ..

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The issue of dropping out is an important issue either nationally or internationally (Chung & Lee, 2018; Ripamonti, 2017; Siti Eshah et al, 2016; De Witte et al., 2013; McIntyre, 2013; Murad, 1973). Educational Planning and Research Division, Ministry of Education Malaysia (2016) reports that 4.3% of high school students are at risk to dropping out of the school system. National Center for Education Statistics (2016) states that the percentage of dropping out in US has declined from 7.4% (2010) to 5.9% (2015) but efforts to reduce the rate are still ongoing (Freeman & Simonsen, 2015). The Korean Educational Development Institute (KEDI) states one to two percent of Korean students stop learning (dropout) due to the difficulty in adjusting to school life (Chung & Lee, 2018). While dropping out have become a critical issue in basic education in Indonesia, around 2.6 million students aged 7 to 15 have dropped out of the education system (Pujiastuti et al., 2017).  ..

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With the explosion of Industrial Revolution 4.0 the Malaysian Education system faces positive challenges in the Teaching and Learning Process (PdPc) of the country. In line with the Malaysia Education Blueprint (PPPM) 2013-2025 these challenges have set in motion a series of changes in the KSSM. These changes require the Visual Arts subject teachers in secondary schools master the skills of The 21st Century Teaching and Learning Process in classrooms. This research aims to identify the analysis of necessity in the element of constructing a Module for The Teaching of Ornamentation KSSM. This research applies the quantitative method by implementing the FuzzyDelphi Technique to obtain the research data through the use of questionnaire instruments on Phase 1 level. The total number of respondents involved in this research are 30 Visual Arts subject teachers. The reliability of the instrument of this research is high based on Cronbach’s Alpha which is 0.868. The research findings show tha.....

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